Modelling of Burning and Extinction Characteristics of a Polymer Diffusion Flame and Comparison with Experiment PDF Download
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Languages : en
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The importance and contribution of the inherent flammability of polymeric materials to problems of fire safety is well recognized. This study was undertaken to provide a better understanding and interpretation of previous experimental investigations of polymer flammability. The structure of opposed flow diffusion flames has been measured by several investigators using both gaseous and solid fuels. The opposed flow diffusion flame is a convenient geometry for the study of the flammability of polymers because it allows both steady, diffusion controlled burning and extinction to be observed under well-controlled laboratory conditions. Conveniently available experimental parameters include fuel composition, oxidizer composition, and oxidizer blowing rate. Reported experiments generally have not included the variation of pressure or temperature. Radiation effects, which are important in fires, remain to be well-characterized in laboratory studies of opposed flow diffusion flames where radiation generally is of minor importance.
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Languages : en
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Book Description
The importance and contribution of the inherent flammability of polymeric materials to problems of fire safety is well recognized. This study was undertaken to provide a better understanding and interpretation of previous experimental investigations of polymer flammability. The structure of opposed flow diffusion flames has been measured by several investigators using both gaseous and solid fuels. The opposed flow diffusion flame is a convenient geometry for the study of the flammability of polymers because it allows both steady, diffusion controlled burning and extinction to be observed under well-controlled laboratory conditions. Conveniently available experimental parameters include fuel composition, oxidizer composition, and oxidizer blowing rate. Reported experiments generally have not included the variation of pressure or temperature. Radiation effects, which are important in fires, remain to be well-characterized in laboratory studies of opposed flow diffusion flames where radiation generally is of minor importance.
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Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 702
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 1470
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Category : Fossil fuels
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Author: Surendra N. Singhal
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57
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Experiments emphasizying the extinction phenomena and the near-limit burning characteristics are performed on polymers, PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate) and Delrin, using an Opposed-Jet Diffusion Flame apparatus. The measurements include burning rate and peak flame temperature and the variables are jet velocity and the oxidizer mole fraction. The measurements indicate the burning rate in the near-limit region departs from a power law relationship indicating the importance of finite rate chemical kinetics in this regime. Consistently, the peak flame temperature measurements prior to extinction show a sharp rate of decrease. Extinction does not occur on a sharp boundary in the oxygen mole fraction-jet velocity plane, but rather in a region (its size may depend on the experimental set-up and external disturbances) wherein extinction occurs in a random manner. The extinction statistics suggest that this is due to the quenching sensitivity of the near-limit flame to disturbances. Determination of chemical kinetic data using extinction 'boundary' is likely to have scatters due to the finiteness of the extinction region. It is suggested that matching of the burning rate curve in the near limit regime may give more reliable chemical kinetic data. (Author).
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Languages : en
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The opposed flow diffusion flame has proven a useful laboratory tool for the study of the combustion of both liquids and solids. Quantitative determinations of burning rates, extinction limits, mass transfer numbers, solid fuel thermal diffusivities, and flame structures have been obtained under well-controlled and reproducible conditions, Holve and Sawyer (1975), T'ien, et al. (1976). Extinction limits are of particular interest, especially in assessing inhibitor addition. Extinction data reveal the effect of inhibitors on the chemical reaction rate. In this study inhibitors have been added to both the gaseous oxidizer and the solid fuel. Extinction data have been obtained for polyethylene (PE) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) in N2/O2 mixtures. These data are compared to extinction measurements of polyethylene with an N2/O2/HCl mixture. Poly(vinyl chloride) differs chemically from polyethylene only by a substitution of a chlorine atom for a hydrogen atom in the monomer. With the inclusion of this halogen atom, poly(vinyl chloride) may be thought of as an ''inhibited'' polyethylene and therefore well suited for a comparative study. The behavior of the HCl added to the oxidizer side of the diffusion flame was found to be primarily that of an inert, in comparison to Cl being added to the fuel side of PVC. Impurities in this commercial PVC and PE may have had an effect on the extinction data.
Author: Siavash Haghighat Sohrab
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ISBN:
Category : Polymerization
Languages : en
Pages : 502
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Author: Anthony Hamins
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Category : Fire extinction
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Author:
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 1028
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Author: United States. National Bureau of Standards
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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