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Author: Janet Siltanen
Publisher: International Labour Organization
ISBN: 9789221091363
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
This user-friendly manual, which can be used as a self-learning or as a teaching tool, guides readers through all stages in producing data on occupational concentration and segregation. It clarifies concepts and measures, discusses quality and availability of information, and reviews various methodological tools, using well-known statistical software packages. It should be of interest to researchers and analysts of occupational data.
Author: William Baah-Boateng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This paper makes an attempt to investigate the extent of gender segregation in the Ghanaian labour market using widely used indexes. An assessment of gender differences in the labour market points to a relatively high, but rapidly declining female labour force participation and employment rates in the 1990s as per the GLSS 3&4. The 2000 population census however, puts the employment and participation rate of women marginally below their male counterpart. The market is found to be characterised by higher and increasing unemployment and underemployment rates among women than men and declining female-male earning ratio on account of the concentration of females in low rewarded and less prestigious jobs. A measure of gender segregation however reveals a generally low segregation in the Ghanaian labour market based on distribution of employment by sector, type of employment, occupation and industry. The study nevertheless finds the index as an increasing function of the number of disaggregated groups in the labour force distribution and that the degree of segregation depends on the type of index.
Author: Janet Siltanen
Publisher: International Labour Organization
ISBN: 9789221091363
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Get Book Here
Book Description
This user-friendly manual, which can be used as a self-learning or as a teaching tool, guides readers through all stages in producing data on occupational concentration and segregation. It clarifies concepts and measures, discusses quality and availability of information, and reviews various methodological tools, using well-known statistical software packages. It should be of interest to researchers and analysts of occupational data.
Author: Yves Flückiger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642470408
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Book Description
When considering labor market inequality across different demographic groups in society, it is natural for most individuals to think of discrimination as the most likely explanation. Since the pioneering work of University of Chicago economist and Nobel Laureate Gary Becker, there has been an abundance of both theoretical and empirical analysis on the issue of discrimination. What economists and other social scientists have learned is that the measurement of discrimination has proven to be far more challenging than anyone could have imagined. There is of course the technology of measurement that has to be addressed but there is also the related matter of how to define discrimination. Another University of Chicago economist and Nobel Laureate, Milton Friedman, cautioned against overlooking the distinction between equality of outcomes and equality of opportunity. The present book is a tour de force on the topic of segregation in the labor force. Segregation is a concept that is related to discrimination but it is not necessarily the same as discrimination. Segregation can be a mechanism for societal enforcement of discrimination, but it can also arise as the result of voluntary choices related to differences in preferences and household division of labor. The authors offer a counterweight to the traditional emphasis on wage discrimination over segregation and labor market segmentation. The subject is thoroughly addressed on both theoretical and empirical grounds with special emphasis on gender segregation in the Swiss labor market.
Author: Lena Gonäs
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN: 9780754644538
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
This insightful volume asks if, and to what extent, gender divisions in working life are changing. Research from several European countries is presented, as well as from the US, to provide comparative and international perspectives. A wide range of relate
Author: Lena Gonäs
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1351934589
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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Book Description
This insightful volume asks if, and to what extent, gender divisions in working life are changing. The contributors discuss the implications from a labour market perspective and a family-work level perspective, which are combined to examine if and where patterns of gender integration can be found. Research from several European countries is presented, as well as from the US, to provide comparative and international perspectives. A wide range of related issues are tackled including questions of methodology and measurement, as well as segregation patterns, welfare state provisions and the use of parental leave. The volume provides suggestions for integration at different levels of society and, by applying a multidisciplinary approach and illustrating developments on different analytical levels, the authors further the discussion on how integration can be pursued.
Author: Susan L. Averett
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190878266
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 889
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Book Description
The transformation of women's lives over the past century is among the most significant and far-reaching of social and economic phenomena, affecting not only women but also their partners, children, and indeed nearly every person on the planet. In developed and developing countries alike, women are acquiring more education, marrying later, having fewer children, and spending a far greater amount of their adult lives in the labor force. Yet, because women remain the primary caregivers of children, issues such as work-life balance and the glass ceiling have given rise to critical policy discussions in the developed world. In developing countries, many women lack access to reproductive technology and are often relegated to jobs in the informal sector, where pay is variable and job security is weak. Considerable occupational segregation and stubborn gender pay gaps persist around the world. The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy is the first comprehensive collection of scholarly essays to address these issues using the powerful framework of economics. Each chapter, written by an acknowledged expert or team of experts, reviews the key trends, surveys the relevant economic theory, and summarizes and critiques the empirical research literature. By providing a clear-eyed view of what we know, what we do not know, and what the critical unanswered questions are, this Handbook provides an invaluable and wide-ranging examination of the many changes that have occurred in women's economic lives.
Author: Richard Anker
Publisher: International Labour Organization
ISBN: 9789221095248
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Book Description
Sex in the world
Author: Donald Tomaskovic-Devey
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 1501717502
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
No detailed description available for "Gender and Racial Inequality at Work".
Author: Stephanie Steinmetz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3531930567
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
This study untangles the complex interplay of individual and contextual factors shaping cross-national differences in horizontal and vertical occupational sex segregation. It relates the individual factors affecting occupational decisions to the broader social and economic context within a given society. Following this approach, Stephanie Steinmetz provides a comprehensive overview of the development and causes of cross-national differences in occupational sex segregation. She offers insights into the positioning of 21 EU Members States, particularly of former CCE countries. Based on advanced multi-level models, the study shows that institutional factors, such as the organization of educational systems, post-industrial developments, social policies, and the national ‘gender culture’, play a crucial role in shaping sex segregation processes apart from individual factors. The author clarifies that a distinct set of institutional factors is relevant to each of the two dimensions of occupational sex segregation and that these factors operate in different directions: some reduce horizontal segregation while at the same time aggravating the vertical aspect. Finally, the study assesses the empirical findings from a political perspective by addressing the future contextual challenges of EU Member States seeking to attain higher gender equality on the labour market.
Author: Joni Hersch
Publisher: Now Publishers Inc
ISBN: 1933019476
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 97
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Book Description
Women have made huge advances relative to men in the labor force, occupational status, and educational attainment, but women continue to earn less than men. While the gender pay gap has narrowed, a substantial gap remains. Sex Discrimination in the Labor Market examines sources of this pay disparity and the factors that contribute to this gap. Whether sex discrimination plays a role in the gender pay gap is a topic of considerable debate. Many researchers question the role of discrimination and attribute the residual pay gap to gender differences in preferences, especially with respect to balancing work with family responsibilities. Sex Discrimination in the Labor Market shows that sex discrimination contributes to the unexplained gender pay gap, which is consistent with high profile sex discrimination litigation suggesting continuing bias in the labor market on the basis of sex.
