Measurements of the Absolute Cross Section of the Three-body Photodisintegration of Helium-3 Between E[gamma] PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Measurements of the three-body photodisintegration of 3He were performed at the High Intensity & gamma-ray Source (HI & gammaS). Neutrons emitted in this reaction inside a 3He gas target were detected with seven 12.7 cm diameter liquid scintillator detectors. Time-of-flight (TOF) and pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) techniques were used to identify neutron events. The absolute differential cross sections for the 3He(& gamma, n)pp reaction as a function of outgoing neutron scattering angle and energy were determined from the measurements at the incident & gamma-ray energies of 11.4, 12.8, 13.5, and 14.7 MeV to within a precision better than +/- 6 %. The absolute cross sections at each incident energy are compared to the results of Gorbunov [Gor74], phase space calculations, and state-of-the-art three-body calculations. The inclusion of the Coulomb interaction in the three-body problem has been a long-standing challenge in theoretical nuclear physics. The present experimental data were found to be in good agreement with the state-of-the-art theory, which includes a full treatment of the Coulomb interaction between the protons in the final state [Del05].
![Measurements of the Absolute Cross Section of the Three-body Photodisintegration of Helium-3 Between E[gamma] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/ZopJAQAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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Languages : en
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Book Description
Measurements of the three-body photodisintegration of 3He were performed at the High Intensity & gamma-ray Source (HI & gammaS). Neutrons emitted in this reaction inside a 3He gas target were detected with seven 12.7 cm diameter liquid scintillator detectors. Time-of-flight (TOF) and pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) techniques were used to identify neutron events. The absolute differential cross sections for the 3He(& gamma, n)pp reaction as a function of outgoing neutron scattering angle and energy were determined from the measurements at the incident & gamma-ray energies of 11.4, 12.8, 13.5, and 14.7 MeV to within a precision better than +/- 6 %. The absolute cross sections at each incident energy are compared to the results of Gorbunov [Gor74], phase space calculations, and state-of-the-art three-body calculations. The inclusion of the Coulomb interaction in the three-body problem has been a long-standing challenge in theoretical nuclear physics. The present experimental data were found to be in good agreement with the state-of-the-art theory, which includes a full treatment of the Coulomb interaction between the protons in the final state [Del05].
Author: Norman Reed Kolb
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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This experiment measured coincident neutron-proton pairs from the photodisintegration of $sp3$He. The bremsstrahlung photon beam was produced by a 100 MeV electron beam, supplied by the University of Illinois Nuclear Physics Laboratory 100% duty factor electron microtron. The energy and angle of the np pairs were used to reconstruct the energy of the photon, making this a kinematically complete experiment. The $sp3$He($gamma$,np)p data were normalized to measured $sp2$H($gamma$,np) yields and published deuterium photodisintegration cross sections. The target was a cryogenic system which maintained the $sp3$He gas at liquid $sp4$He temperature. Protons were detected with a dE-E scintillation telescope and neutrons with a position sensitive scintillation array. The proton energy was determined from the energy deposited in a NaI crystal and the neutron energy from the time of flight over a 4 m path. The neutron and proton were detected on opposite sides of the photon beam at opening angles from 122-202 degrees in the lab frame. Quasi-deuteron breakup events were detected for photon energies of 45-95 MeV. Strong final state interactions prohibited an accurate determination of the quasi-deuteron contribution to the cross section. The single differential cross section $(dsigma/dOmegasb{p})$ for $sp3$He at $thetasb{p}$ = 81$spcirc$ was determined by integrating the neutron angular distribution. This cross section, relative to deuterium, ranged from 2.39 $pm$.16 at 55 MeV to 1.67 $pm$.27 at 95 MeV.
![An Absolute Measurement of the Deuteron Photodisintegration of Cross Section, E[gamma] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/nbn4NwAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Troy Soos
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Author: Peter Nelson Dezendorf
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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![Photodisintegration of 3H and 3He. [Threshold to 25 MeV]. PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/fk9oAQAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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The photoneutron cross sections for 3H and 3He have been measured from threshold to approx. 25 MeV with monoenergetic photons from the annihilation in flight of fast positrons at the LLL Electron-Positron Linear Accelerator facility. These reactions include the two-body breakup of 3H and the three-body breakup of both 3H and 3He; these measurements for 3H are the first to span the energy region across the peaks of the cross sections. An efficient BF3-tube-and-paraffin neutron detector and high-pressure gaseous samples of several moles each (the activity of the 3H sample was approx. 200,000 Ci) were employed in these measurements. Measurements on 16O and 2H also were performed to verify the absolute cross-section scale. The results, when compared with each other and with results for the two-body breakup cross section for 3He from the literature, show that the two-body breakup cross sections for 3H and 3He have nearly the same shape, but the one for 3He lies lower in magnitude; the three-body breakup cross section for 3He lies higher in magnitude and is broader in the peak region and also rises less sharply from threshold than that for 3H; and these measured differences between the cross sections for the breakup modes largely compensate in their sum, so that the total photon absorption cross sections for 3H and 3He are nearly the same in both size and shape at energies near and above their peaks. Theoretical results from the literature disagree with the experimental results to a certain extent over the entire photon-energy region for which the photoneutron cross sections were measured. 50 figures, 7 tables.
Author: Roland Dobbs
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780198506409
Category : Helium
Languages : en
Pages : 1088
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Book Description
The condensed phases of helium three provide an exciting laboratory for many fundamental questions in condensed matter physics. Due to its light mass and weak interatomic potential, the condensed phases of helium display quantum effects more dramatically than any other atomic system. Intuitionbased on classical experience is often misleading in these phases: the solid phase for instance is less ordered at low temperature than the liquid phase. The present book is unique in covering all the low temperature properties of helium three as liquid, superfluid, and solid. It provides anintroduction to the extensive literature on helium three from the point of view of an experimentalist, and includes the analogy of its properties with the cosmological 'big bang'. Graduate students, researchers, and professionals in condensed matter physics and low temperature physics will findthis the standard reference work for the decade to come.
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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The three-body photodisintegration of 3He has been measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab, using tagged photons of energies between 0.35 GeV and 1.55 GeV. The large acceptance of the spectrometer allowed us for the first time to cover a wide momentum and angular range for the two outgoing protons. Three kinematic regions dominated by either two- or three-body contributions have been distinguished and analyzed. The measured cross sections have been compared with results of a theoretical model, which, in certain kinematic ranges, have been found to be in reasonable agreement with the data.
Author: Mirmira Ramarao Dwarakanath
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Author: John F. Sutton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Helium ions
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
The relative cross sections for simultaneous ionization and excitation of helium by 200-eV electrons into the 4 squared p and 4 squared s states have been measured via a fast delayed coincidence technique.
Author: L. P. Pitaevskii
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444598286
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 995
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Book Description
Introducing the subject of superfluid helium three and polarized liquid helium three, this book is devoted to modern problems in many body physics specific to the quantum fluid helium three. Relationships between properties of helium three and topics in other fields are established including superconductivity, non-linear dynamics, acoustics, and magnetically polarized quantum systems. Among the chapters in this collection one finds valuable reference material and original research not published elsewhere. Advanced research topics are presented in a pedagogical manner, in considerable depth, and with appropriate introductory material sufficiently general to be suitable to the non-specialist.
