Mammalian Brain Development

Mammalian Brain Development PDF Author: Damir Janigro
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1607612879
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 237

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Book Description
Denis Noble Nearly a decade after completion of the first draft of the entire Human Genome sequence we are in a better position to assess the nature and the consequences of that heroic achievement, which can be seen as the culmination of the molecular biological revolution of the second half of the twentieth century. The achievement itself was celebrated at the highest levels (President and Prime Minister) on both sides of the Atlantic, and rightly so. DNA sequencing has become sufficiently c- mon now, even to the extent of being used in law courts, that it is easy to forget how technically difficult it was and how cleverly the sequencing teams solved those problems in the exciting race to finish by the turn of the century [1, 2]. The fanfares were misplaced, however, in an important respect. The metaphors used to describe the project and its biological significance gave the impression to the public at large, and to many scientists themselves, that this sequence would reveal the secrets of life. DNA had already been likened to a computer program [3]. The “genetic program” for life was therefore to be found in those sequences: A kind of map that had simply to be unfolded during development. The even more colo- ful “book of life” metaphor gave the promise that reading that book would lead to a veritable outpouring of new cures for diseases, hundreds of new drug targets, and a brave new world of medicine.

Mammalian Brain Development

Mammalian Brain Development PDF Author: Damir Janigro
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1607612879
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 237

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Book Description
Denis Noble Nearly a decade after completion of the first draft of the entire Human Genome sequence we are in a better position to assess the nature and the consequences of that heroic achievement, which can be seen as the culmination of the molecular biological revolution of the second half of the twentieth century. The achievement itself was celebrated at the highest levels (President and Prime Minister) on both sides of the Atlantic, and rightly so. DNA sequencing has become sufficiently c- mon now, even to the extent of being used in law courts, that it is easy to forget how technically difficult it was and how cleverly the sequencing teams solved those problems in the exciting race to finish by the turn of the century [1, 2]. The fanfares were misplaced, however, in an important respect. The metaphors used to describe the project and its biological significance gave the impression to the public at large, and to many scientists themselves, that this sequence would reveal the secrets of life. DNA had already been likened to a computer program [3]. The “genetic program” for life was therefore to be found in those sequences: A kind of map that had simply to be unfolded during development. The even more colo- ful “book of life” metaphor gave the promise that reading that book would lead to a veritable outpouring of new cures for diseases, hundreds of new drug targets, and a brave new world of medicine.

Discovering the Brain

Discovering the Brain PDF Author: National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309045290
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 195

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Book Description
The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Mammalian Brain Development

Mammalian Brain Development PDF Author: Damir Janigro
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781607612889
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 246

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Book Description


The Coordination of Growth and Patterning in Mammalian Brain Development

The Coordination of Growth and Patterning in Mammalian Brain Development PDF Author: Scott Michael Klinefelter Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brain
Languages : en
Pages : 212

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Book Description


Mouse Brain Development

Mouse Brain Development PDF Author: Andre M. Goffinet
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540480021
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 347

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Book Description
Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in mammalian brain development remains limited. However, the last few years have wit nessed a quantum leap in our knowledge, due to technological improve ments, particularly in molecular genetics. Despite this progress, the available body of data remains mostly phenomenological and reveals very little about the grammar that organizes the molecular dictionary to articulate a pheno type. Nevertheless, the recent progress in genetics will allow us to contem plate, for the first time, the integration of observation into a coherent view of brain development. Clearly, this may be a major challenge for the next century, and arguably is the most important task of contemporary develop mental biology. The purpose of the present book is to provide an overview that syn thesizes up-to-date information on selected aspects of mouse brain devel opment. Given the format, it was not possible to cover all aspects of brain development, and many important subjects are missing. The selected themes are, to a certain extent, subjective and reflect the interests of the contributing authors. Examples of major themes that are not covered are peripheral nervous system development, including myelination, the development of the hippocampus and several other CNS structures, as well as the developmental function of some important morphoregulatory molecules.

Studies of Mammalian Brain Development by Fate Mapping and Mutant Analysis

Studies of Mammalian Brain Development by Fate Mapping and Mutant Analysis PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Mammalian Subventricular Zones

Mammalian Subventricular Zones PDF Author: Steve Levison
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387313893
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 313

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Book Description
This text provides a comprehensive summary of research and findings that have lead to the current understanding of the subventricular zones. It provides an overview of the roles of subventricular zones in normal development and in disease and a foundation from which current and future studies can be evaluated.

Studies of Mammalian Brain Development by Fate Mapping and Mutant Analysis

Studies of Mammalian Brain Development by Fate Mapping and Mutant Analysis PDF Author: Dawn Lenee Zinyk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Mice lacking 'Engrailed-1' or 'Gli3' exhibit severe brain malformations, demonstrating that these molecules play key roles in mammalian brain development. The mouse 'En' genes are expressed in a band around the embryonic midbrain-hindbrain constriction. This region is involved in patterning of the midbrain and cerebellum and can act as an organizer region to induce midbrain and cerebellar development. Fate-mapping experiments in chick indicate that the cerebellar primordium is located anterior and posterior to the midbrain-hindbrain constriction, whereas midbrain precursors lie more anteriorly. Fate mapping in mice is complicated by the inaccessibility of the postimplantation embryo. I report a new 'in vivo' approach using the Cre/'loxP ' recombination system to map the fate of the mouse midbrain-hindbrain constriction: E9-12 cells originating in the dorsal midbrain-hindbrain constriction contribute significantly to the medial cerebellum. The feasibility of using a recombinase-based lineage-tracing system for fate mapping in mouse is demonstrated. Mice homozygous for a loss-of-function 'Gli3' mutation exhibit defective neural-tube closure in midbrain and forebrain regions, and later exencephaly. I show that: (1) 'Gli3-/-' mutants display transient ectopic 'Sonic hedgehog' (' Shh') expression in early dorsal neural folds, suggesting that Gli3 normally acts there to repress 'Shh' expression, (2) Gli3 is involved in the control of cell proliferation or cell death in the dorsal neural tube of rostral brain structures, and (3) Gli3 restricts ventrolateral expansion of 'Shh' and Shh-responsive gene expression at ventral midline in the brains of E9.5-11.5 embryos. Thus, Gli3 plays a role in the development of both dorsal and ventral neural tube at the rostral level. ' Gli3-/-' embryos were also found to exhibit abdominal heterotaxia, indicating that 'Gli3' is essential for the establishment of gut sidedness. Early somite-stage 'Gli3-/-' embryos exhibit a downregulation of 'nodal' but not ' lefty' expression in left lateral-plate mesoderm, suggesting that ' Gli3' is required for 'nodal' activation downstream of 'lefty' or in a separate pathway of left-right specification. Together, these data support the view that Gli3 genetically acts as both a repressor and activator.

Studies of Mammalian Brain Development by Fate Mapping and Mutant Analysis [microform]

Studies of Mammalian Brain Development by Fate Mapping and Mutant Analysis [microform] PDF Author: Dawn Lenee Zinyk
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
ISBN: 9780612413573
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Origin and Diversification of Neural Stem Cells During Mammalian Brain Development

Origin and Diversification of Neural Stem Cells During Mammalian Brain Development PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description