Author: Kelly Lipscomb
Publisher: Hunter Publishing, Inc
ISBN: 1588437159
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 73
Book Description
The autonomous community of Madrid occupies the geographical center of Spain. With over three million people, Madrid is the bull''s-eye on this mostly dry, rolling high plain that is part of the expansive Meseta Central characterizing much of the province and the country around it. The city''s elevation, at 2,100 feet above sea level, makes it the highest European capital and the one with the most startling climatic extremes. The Sierra de Guadarrama Mountains, a great mass of granite rising in the north, is a continuation of the country''s central mountain range, the Cordillera Central. Just a short jaunt from Madrid, this realm enjoys cool weather year-round and forms a stunning visual contrast to the plains surrounding Madrid, with its slopes covered in pine forests and the prismatic bands of the rivers Manzanares and Jarama coursing southward toward the larger Tagus. The range serves to separate Madrid from Castilla y Len to the north and west, while the south of the province is bordered by the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha. The Communidad de Madrid is not all one big city. Areas around the perimeter are still relatively natural or, at the least, retaining of a more traditional charm with their poultry houses and pig farms, rather than high rises and smokestacks. On the lower slopes of the Guadarrama, small villages are isolated and free of tourists for much of the year. Trails are marked throughout and, in good years, snow is plentiful enough to ski. South of Madrid, the beautiful city of Aranjuez is lush and leisurely along the banks of turquoise waters and to the west the monumental El Escorial makes a perfect day-trip en route to the popular cities of Segovia or Salamanca on the far side of the mountains. Madrid has been called the greatest Spanish city. There is no denying its supremacy in the realms of commerce, politics and sport (the sharply divided Spaniards agree on one thing: Real Madrid soccer team is the surest bet). And there''s no escaping its romping, rollicking late-night tendencies. Madrid is any other Spanish city on speed. A newcomer could easily get lost, bewildered and frustrated in the crowds. At each turn harried masses dash to and fro, appearing bent on some purpose and yet, despite the prevailing rush, the Madrileos are, by and large, as welcoming and friendly as a rural Galician or a lonely Extremaduran. The shoeshine man in Plaza Mayor is content to people-watch rather than polish shoes and earn a few coins; the singing guitarist outside Caf(r) Oriente still smiles when a tourist refuses to tip him; the sharp-suited executive lingers in Casa Pablo for another drink or two, for the whole afternoon, rather than return to work. With a population representative of every Spanish region, with the nation''s greatest collection of artworks on display in the nation''s best museums, there is no greater whirlwind introduction to the country than by way of Madrid. Once you''ve roamed the halls of the Prado for hours on end and still not seen all the works, or danced away the night at Palacio only to learn the following day that a far better and less-touristy disco is just around the corner, then you will understand why Madrid is best approached on its own terms. It isn''t a love affair that keeps people coming back to this city time and again, but more like a life-long courtship. Here is a highly detailed guide to Madrid and the surrounding areas - loaded with maps, photos, and all the information you need about restaurants, hotels, what to see and what to do. This is an excerpt from our 670-page Spain Adventure Guide and it includes an extensive Introduction on Spain as a whole. The book is equivalent to about 150 pages in print.
Madrid and Its Surroundings
Author: Kelly Lipscomb
Publisher: Hunter Publishing, Inc
ISBN: 1588437159
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 73
Book Description
The autonomous community of Madrid occupies the geographical center of Spain. With over three million people, Madrid is the bull''s-eye on this mostly dry, rolling high plain that is part of the expansive Meseta Central characterizing much of the province and the country around it. The city''s elevation, at 2,100 feet above sea level, makes it the highest European capital and the one with the most startling climatic extremes. The Sierra de Guadarrama Mountains, a great mass of granite rising in the north, is a continuation of the country''s central mountain range, the Cordillera Central. Just a short jaunt from Madrid, this realm enjoys cool weather year-round and forms a stunning visual contrast to the plains surrounding Madrid, with its slopes covered in pine forests and the prismatic bands of the rivers Manzanares and Jarama coursing southward toward the larger Tagus. The range serves to separate Madrid from Castilla y Len to the north and west, while the south of the province is bordered by the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha. The Communidad de Madrid is not all one big city. Areas around the perimeter are still relatively natural or, at the least, retaining of a more traditional charm with their poultry houses and pig farms, rather than high rises and smokestacks. On the lower slopes of the Guadarrama, small villages are isolated and free of tourists for much of the year. Trails are marked throughout and, in good years, snow is plentiful enough to ski. South of Madrid, the beautiful city of Aranjuez is lush and leisurely along the banks of turquoise waters and to the west the monumental El Escorial makes a perfect day-trip en route to the popular cities of Segovia or Salamanca on the far side of the mountains. Madrid has been called the greatest Spanish city. There is no denying its supremacy in the realms of commerce, politics and sport (the sharply divided Spaniards agree on one thing: Real Madrid soccer team is the surest bet). And there''s no escaping its romping, rollicking late-night tendencies. Madrid is any other Spanish city on speed. A newcomer could easily get lost, bewildered and frustrated in the crowds. At each turn harried masses dash to and fro, appearing bent on some purpose and yet, despite the prevailing rush, the Madrileos are, by and large, as welcoming and friendly as a rural Galician or a lonely Extremaduran. The shoeshine man in Plaza Mayor is content to people-watch rather than polish shoes and earn a few coins; the singing guitarist outside Caf(r) Oriente still smiles when a tourist refuses to tip him; the sharp-suited executive lingers in Casa Pablo for another drink or two, for the whole afternoon, rather than return to work. With a population representative of every Spanish region, with the nation''s greatest collection of artworks on display in the nation''s best museums, there is no greater whirlwind introduction to the country than by way of Madrid. Once you''ve roamed the halls of the Prado for hours on end and still not seen all the works, or danced away the night at Palacio only to learn the following day that a far better and less-touristy disco is just around the corner, then you will understand why Madrid is best approached on its own terms. It isn''t a love affair that keeps people coming back to this city time and again, but more like a life-long courtship. Here is a highly detailed guide to Madrid and the surrounding areas - loaded with maps, photos, and all the information you need about restaurants, hotels, what to see and what to do. This is an excerpt from our 670-page Spain Adventure Guide and it includes an extensive Introduction on Spain as a whole. The book is equivalent to about 150 pages in print.
Publisher: Hunter Publishing, Inc
ISBN: 1588437159
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 73
Book Description
The autonomous community of Madrid occupies the geographical center of Spain. With over three million people, Madrid is the bull''s-eye on this mostly dry, rolling high plain that is part of the expansive Meseta Central characterizing much of the province and the country around it. The city''s elevation, at 2,100 feet above sea level, makes it the highest European capital and the one with the most startling climatic extremes. The Sierra de Guadarrama Mountains, a great mass of granite rising in the north, is a continuation of the country''s central mountain range, the Cordillera Central. Just a short jaunt from Madrid, this realm enjoys cool weather year-round and forms a stunning visual contrast to the plains surrounding Madrid, with its slopes covered in pine forests and the prismatic bands of the rivers Manzanares and Jarama coursing southward toward the larger Tagus. The range serves to separate Madrid from Castilla y Len to the north and west, while the south of the province is bordered by the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha. The Communidad de Madrid is not all one big city. Areas around the perimeter are still relatively natural or, at the least, retaining of a more traditional charm with their poultry houses and pig farms, rather than high rises and smokestacks. On the lower slopes of the Guadarrama, small villages are isolated and free of tourists for much of the year. Trails are marked throughout and, in good years, snow is plentiful enough to ski. South of Madrid, the beautiful city of Aranjuez is lush and leisurely along the banks of turquoise waters and to the west the monumental El Escorial makes a perfect day-trip en route to the popular cities of Segovia or Salamanca on the far side of the mountains. Madrid has been called the greatest Spanish city. There is no denying its supremacy in the realms of commerce, politics and sport (the sharply divided Spaniards agree on one thing: Real Madrid soccer team is the surest bet). And there''s no escaping its romping, rollicking late-night tendencies. Madrid is any other Spanish city on speed. A newcomer could easily get lost, bewildered and frustrated in the crowds. At each turn harried masses dash to and fro, appearing bent on some purpose and yet, despite the prevailing rush, the Madrileos are, by and large, as welcoming and friendly as a rural Galician or a lonely Extremaduran. The shoeshine man in Plaza Mayor is content to people-watch rather than polish shoes and earn a few coins; the singing guitarist outside Caf(r) Oriente still smiles when a tourist refuses to tip him; the sharp-suited executive lingers in Casa Pablo for another drink or two, for the whole afternoon, rather than return to work. With a population representative of every Spanish region, with the nation''s greatest collection of artworks on display in the nation''s best museums, there is no greater whirlwind introduction to the country than by way of Madrid. Once you''ve roamed the halls of the Prado for hours on end and still not seen all the works, or danced away the night at Palacio only to learn the following day that a far better and less-touristy disco is just around the corner, then you will understand why Madrid is best approached on its own terms. It isn''t a love affair that keeps people coming back to this city time and again, but more like a life-long courtship. Here is a highly detailed guide to Madrid and the surrounding areas - loaded with maps, photos, and all the information you need about restaurants, hotels, what to see and what to do. This is an excerpt from our 670-page Spain Adventure Guide and it includes an extensive Introduction on Spain as a whole. The book is equivalent to about 150 pages in print.
The Rough Guide to Madrid
Author: Simon Baskett
Publisher: Rough Guides
ISBN: 184353410X
Category : Madrid
Languages : en
Pages : 207
Book Description
Madrid Directions gives you the best of this dynamic city in an easy-to-use format. The "Ideas" section helps you plan your trip with full-colour spreads covering the variety of attractions Madrid has to offer, from the best places to eat and drink to specialist museums. The "Places" section breaks the city down into convenient areas, each chapter exploring a particular district, with eating, drinking and shopping options along with a run-down of the sights. "Essentials" lets you know how to get around, where to change money and everything else you might need for a smooth trip, while "Language" has enough Spanish to help you make a few local friends.
Publisher: Rough Guides
ISBN: 184353410X
Category : Madrid
Languages : en
Pages : 207
Book Description
Madrid Directions gives you the best of this dynamic city in an easy-to-use format. The "Ideas" section helps you plan your trip with full-colour spreads covering the variety of attractions Madrid has to offer, from the best places to eat and drink to specialist museums. The "Places" section breaks the city down into convenient areas, each chapter exploring a particular district, with eating, drinking and shopping options along with a run-down of the sights. "Essentials" lets you know how to get around, where to change money and everything else you might need for a smooth trip, while "Language" has enough Spanish to help you make a few local friends.
The complete travel guide for Madrid
Author:
Publisher: YouGuide Ltd
ISBN: 1837041679
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 117
Book Description
At YouGuide™, we are dedicated to bringing you the finest travel guides on the market, meticulously crafted for every type of traveler. Our guides serve as your ultimate companions, helping you make the most of your journeys around the world. Our team of dedicated experts works tirelessly to create comprehensive, up-todate, and captivating travel guides. Each guide is a treasure trove of essential information, insider insights, and captivating visuals. We go beyond the tourist trail, uncovering hidden treasures and sharing local wisdom that transforms your travels into extraordinary adventures. Countries change, and so do our guides. We take pride in delivering the most current information, ensuring your journey is a success. Whether you're an intrepid solo traveler, an adventurous couple, or a family eager for new horizons, our guides are your trusted companions to every country. For more travel guides and information, please visit www.youguide.com
Publisher: YouGuide Ltd
ISBN: 1837041679
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 117
Book Description
At YouGuide™, we are dedicated to bringing you the finest travel guides on the market, meticulously crafted for every type of traveler. Our guides serve as your ultimate companions, helping you make the most of your journeys around the world. Our team of dedicated experts works tirelessly to create comprehensive, up-todate, and captivating travel guides. Each guide is a treasure trove of essential information, insider insights, and captivating visuals. We go beyond the tourist trail, uncovering hidden treasures and sharing local wisdom that transforms your travels into extraordinary adventures. Countries change, and so do our guides. We take pride in delivering the most current information, ensuring your journey is a success. Whether you're an intrepid solo traveler, an adventurous couple, or a family eager for new horizons, our guides are your trusted companions to every country. For more travel guides and information, please visit www.youguide.com
How to Not Look Like a Tourist
Author: Alyse The Invisible Tourist
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780645229233
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
Book Description
Overcrowding. Lengthy queues. Increasing animosity from locals. Loss of authenticity. Disappointment. As tourists, how can we improve tourism for locals, their communities, their culture and the environment - as well as for ourselves?By taking steps to "be invisible," of course!Unbeknownst to most tourists, there is a hidden power within them. This handbook examines the lesser-known problems with overtourism, how they came to be and details practical solutions to help you unlock this power to use as a force for good.Packed with everything you need to know to tailor your own invisibility cloak, you'll learn how to: Plan a stress-free trip every time & ways to reduce disappointment; Enjoy popular destinations without contributing to overcrowding; Feel fulfilled by personal, authentic encounters with locals whilst helping their businesses; Avoid pickpockets & scammers for a safe travel experience; Preserve local cultures & identities instead of diluting them; Protect attractions of significant cultural heritage & the natural environment.Learn how to make the most of your next travel experience by "blending in!"
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780645229233
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
Book Description
Overcrowding. Lengthy queues. Increasing animosity from locals. Loss of authenticity. Disappointment. As tourists, how can we improve tourism for locals, their communities, their culture and the environment - as well as for ourselves?By taking steps to "be invisible," of course!Unbeknownst to most tourists, there is a hidden power within them. This handbook examines the lesser-known problems with overtourism, how they came to be and details practical solutions to help you unlock this power to use as a force for good.Packed with everything you need to know to tailor your own invisibility cloak, you'll learn how to: Plan a stress-free trip every time & ways to reduce disappointment; Enjoy popular destinations without contributing to overcrowding; Feel fulfilled by personal, authentic encounters with locals whilst helping their businesses; Avoid pickpockets & scammers for a safe travel experience; Preserve local cultures & identities instead of diluting them; Protect attractions of significant cultural heritage & the natural environment.Learn how to make the most of your next travel experience by "blending in!"
Sex, Drugs, and Fashion in 1970s Madrid
Author: Francisco Fernández de Alba
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 148750148X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 186
Book Description
Sex, Drugs, and Fashion in 1970s Madrid explores changes in urban planning, narratives of sexual and gender identity, recreational drug use, and fashion design during the seventies.
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 148750148X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 186
Book Description
Sex, Drugs, and Fashion in 1970s Madrid explores changes in urban planning, narratives of sexual and gender identity, recreational drug use, and fashion design during the seventies.
Madrid
Author: Maria Paz Moreno
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1442266414
Category : Cooking
Languages : en
Pages : 217
Book Description
As the capital city of Spain, Madrid is nowadays considered one of the most interesting “food towns” in the world. This is perhaps due to the wide variety of specialty dishes that its cuisine boasts, ranging from the old-fashioned and traditional to the modern, and even the futuristic; a cuisine that has consistently received high praise from the likes of New York Times’ critic Mark Bittman and TV celebrity chefs such as Anthony Bourdain and Mario Battali, to name just a few. But how did a once humble and unsophisticated city like Madrid become the vibrant food metropolis that it is today? How did contemporary madrileño cuisine come to be, and what are its main identifying dishes? What role have its legendary restaurants, cafés and markets played in putting Madrid in the map as one of the world’s top food destinations? Maria Paz Moreno looks at the gastronomical history of Madrid throughout the ages. She traces the historical origins and evolution of Madrid’s cuisine, exploring major trends, most innovative chefs, restaurants and dishes, and telling the story of this fascinating city from the point of view of a food lover. She discusses the diverse influences that have shaped Madrid’s cuisine over the centuries, including the introduction of foods from the New World since the 16th century, the transition from famines to abundance during the second part of the 20th century, the revolution of the Michelin-starred young chefs at the beginning of the 21st century, and how madrileños’ sense of identity is built through their food. The sense of community created through communal eating experiences is also explored, focusing on the culture of sharing tapas, as well as traditional and avant-garde eating establishments, from restaurants to bars to chocolaterías, and even markets and festivals where food plays an important part. Anyone wishing to know more about the city, the culture, the richness of its food and people, will find a delightful review in these pages.
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1442266414
Category : Cooking
Languages : en
Pages : 217
Book Description
As the capital city of Spain, Madrid is nowadays considered one of the most interesting “food towns” in the world. This is perhaps due to the wide variety of specialty dishes that its cuisine boasts, ranging from the old-fashioned and traditional to the modern, and even the futuristic; a cuisine that has consistently received high praise from the likes of New York Times’ critic Mark Bittman and TV celebrity chefs such as Anthony Bourdain and Mario Battali, to name just a few. But how did a once humble and unsophisticated city like Madrid become the vibrant food metropolis that it is today? How did contemporary madrileño cuisine come to be, and what are its main identifying dishes? What role have its legendary restaurants, cafés and markets played in putting Madrid in the map as one of the world’s top food destinations? Maria Paz Moreno looks at the gastronomical history of Madrid throughout the ages. She traces the historical origins and evolution of Madrid’s cuisine, exploring major trends, most innovative chefs, restaurants and dishes, and telling the story of this fascinating city from the point of view of a food lover. She discusses the diverse influences that have shaped Madrid’s cuisine over the centuries, including the introduction of foods from the New World since the 16th century, the transition from famines to abundance during the second part of the 20th century, the revolution of the Michelin-starred young chefs at the beginning of the 21st century, and how madrileños’ sense of identity is built through their food. The sense of community created through communal eating experiences is also explored, focusing on the culture of sharing tapas, as well as traditional and avant-garde eating establishments, from restaurants to bars to chocolaterías, and even markets and festivals where food plays an important part. Anyone wishing to know more about the city, the culture, the richness of its food and people, will find a delightful review in these pages.
Hidden Madrid
Author: Marco Besas
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788496470750
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 368
Book Description
Hidden Madrid is an offbeat guide to the capital for those with a little free time on their hands and an interest in discovering Madrid's oddities. Where in town can you buy homemade pastries from cloistered nuns? How did King Felipe II plan to turn Madrid into a seaport? What deep, dark secret did Dr. Velasco hide in what is now the Anthropological Museum? What did a sudden sandy gust of wind and a king have to do with the coining of the word tapa? Where in Madrid would you find a statue dedicated to the Fallen Ángel (Lucifer)? What happened when a run-away fighting bull rampaged through the Gran Vía? Why are people from Madrid called gatos (cats)? What tips should you follow when attending your first bullfight? Where can you still find vestiges of the Franco era dictatorship? You'll find the answers to these and many other questions in Hidden Madrid all presented in a readable and entertaining fashion. Over 150 photographs and detailed maps pin-point all the sights and curiosities that you can visit on your own.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788496470750
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 368
Book Description
Hidden Madrid is an offbeat guide to the capital for those with a little free time on their hands and an interest in discovering Madrid's oddities. Where in town can you buy homemade pastries from cloistered nuns? How did King Felipe II plan to turn Madrid into a seaport? What deep, dark secret did Dr. Velasco hide in what is now the Anthropological Museum? What did a sudden sandy gust of wind and a king have to do with the coining of the word tapa? Where in Madrid would you find a statue dedicated to the Fallen Ángel (Lucifer)? What happened when a run-away fighting bull rampaged through the Gran Vía? Why are people from Madrid called gatos (cats)? What tips should you follow when attending your first bullfight? Where can you still find vestiges of the Franco era dictatorship? You'll find the answers to these and many other questions in Hidden Madrid all presented in a readable and entertaining fashion. Over 150 photographs and detailed maps pin-point all the sights and curiosities that you can visit on your own.
The Plaza Mayor and the Shaping of Baroque Madrid
Author: Jesús Escobar
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521111539
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Jesús Escobar's examination of the transformation of Madrid (from a secondary market town to the capital of the worldwide Spanish Hapsburg empire) focuses on the planning and building of Madrid's principal public monument, the Plaza Mayor. It is based on the analysis of archival documents and architectural drawings, as well as the surviving fabric of the city itself. Escobar demonstrates how the development of the city square and its surroundings reflects the bureaucratic nature of the government that chose Madrid in 1561 to serve as the capital of Spain.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521111539
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Jesús Escobar's examination of the transformation of Madrid (from a secondary market town to the capital of the worldwide Spanish Hapsburg empire) focuses on the planning and building of Madrid's principal public monument, the Plaza Mayor. It is based on the analysis of archival documents and architectural drawings, as well as the surviving fabric of the city itself. Escobar demonstrates how the development of the city square and its surroundings reflects the bureaucratic nature of the government that chose Madrid in 1561 to serve as the capital of Spain.
Madrid Travel Guide
Author: Daniel Windsor
Publisher: Interactive Media Licensing
ISBN:
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 26
Book Description
Madrid, the capital of Spain, is a city that effortlessly marries the old with the new. Nestled in the heart of the Iberian Peninsula, it is not just the administrative center but also the cultural and historical heartbeat of the country. Visitors are drawn to Madrid for its rich tapestry of history, vibrant arts scene, and dynamic nightlife. The city is a treasure trove of magnificent architecture, world-class museums, lush parks, and bustling markets. Madrid's energy is palpable from the moment you arrive. It's a city that never sleeps, where life pulses through its streets at all hours. The locals, known as Madrileños, are known for their warm hospitality and love for socializing. Whether it's enjoying tapas in a traditional bar or participating in the city's many festivals, there's a sense of community and joy that permeates daily life. In the following pages, we will delve deeper into what makes Madrid such a unique and enchanting destination. From its storied past to the modern amenities that make it a top travel destination, Madrid offers something for everyone. Whether you're a history buff, an art enthusiast, or simply looking to soak up the local culture, Madrid will captivate your heart.
Publisher: Interactive Media Licensing
ISBN:
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 26
Book Description
Madrid, the capital of Spain, is a city that effortlessly marries the old with the new. Nestled in the heart of the Iberian Peninsula, it is not just the administrative center but also the cultural and historical heartbeat of the country. Visitors are drawn to Madrid for its rich tapestry of history, vibrant arts scene, and dynamic nightlife. The city is a treasure trove of magnificent architecture, world-class museums, lush parks, and bustling markets. Madrid's energy is palpable from the moment you arrive. It's a city that never sleeps, where life pulses through its streets at all hours. The locals, known as Madrileños, are known for their warm hospitality and love for socializing. Whether it's enjoying tapas in a traditional bar or participating in the city's many festivals, there's a sense of community and joy that permeates daily life. In the following pages, we will delve deeper into what makes Madrid such a unique and enchanting destination. From its storied past to the modern amenities that make it a top travel destination, Madrid offers something for everyone. Whether you're a history buff, an art enthusiast, or simply looking to soak up the local culture, Madrid will captivate your heart.
The Imaginative Institution: Planning and Governance in Madrid
Author: Michael Neuman
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317027825
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 255
Book Description
Every 20 years since 1920, Madrid has undergone an urban planning cycle in which a city plan was prepared, adopted by law, and implemented by a new institution. This preparation-adoption-institutionalization sequence, along with the institution's structures and procedures, have persisted - with some exceptions - despite frequent upheavals in society. The planning institution itself played a lead role in maintaining continuity, traumatic history notwithstanding. Why and how was this the case? Madrid's planners, who had mostly trained as architects, invented new images for the city and metro region: images of urban space that were social constructs, the products of planning processes. These images were tools that coordinated planning and urban policy. In a complex, fragmented institutional milieu in which scores of organized interests competed in overlapping policy arenas, images were a cohesive force around which plans, policies, and investments were shaped. Planners in Madrid also used their images to build new institutions. Images began as city or metropolitan designs or as a metaphor capturing a new vision. New political regimes injected their principles and beliefs into the governing institution via images and metaphors. These images went a long way in constituting the new institution, and in helping realize each regime's goals. This empirically-based life cycle theory of institutional evolution suggests that the constitutional image sustaining the institution undergoes a change or is replaced by a new image, leading to a new or reformed institution. A life cycle typology of institutional transformation is formulated with four variables: type of change, stimulus for change, type of constitutional image, and outcome of the transformation. By linking the life cycle hypothesis with cognitive theories of image formation, and then situating their synthesis within a frame of cognition as a means of structuring the institution, this book arrives at a new theory
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317027825
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 255
Book Description
Every 20 years since 1920, Madrid has undergone an urban planning cycle in which a city plan was prepared, adopted by law, and implemented by a new institution. This preparation-adoption-institutionalization sequence, along with the institution's structures and procedures, have persisted - with some exceptions - despite frequent upheavals in society. The planning institution itself played a lead role in maintaining continuity, traumatic history notwithstanding. Why and how was this the case? Madrid's planners, who had mostly trained as architects, invented new images for the city and metro region: images of urban space that were social constructs, the products of planning processes. These images were tools that coordinated planning and urban policy. In a complex, fragmented institutional milieu in which scores of organized interests competed in overlapping policy arenas, images were a cohesive force around which plans, policies, and investments were shaped. Planners in Madrid also used their images to build new institutions. Images began as city or metropolitan designs or as a metaphor capturing a new vision. New political regimes injected their principles and beliefs into the governing institution via images and metaphors. These images went a long way in constituting the new institution, and in helping realize each regime's goals. This empirically-based life cycle theory of institutional evolution suggests that the constitutional image sustaining the institution undergoes a change or is replaced by a new image, leading to a new or reformed institution. A life cycle typology of institutional transformation is formulated with four variables: type of change, stimulus for change, type of constitutional image, and outcome of the transformation. By linking the life cycle hypothesis with cognitive theories of image formation, and then situating their synthesis within a frame of cognition as a means of structuring the institution, this book arrives at a new theory