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Author: Bryan Shorrocks
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781383027365
Category : Ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
An examination of the effects of environmental heterogeneity (patchiness) in populations of plants and animals. The contributors find that patchiness can play a significant role in structuring large populations and lessening the risk of total extinction.
Author: Bryan Shorrocks
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781383027365
Category : Ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
An examination of the effects of environmental heterogeneity (patchiness) in populations of plants and animals. The contributors find that patchiness can play a significant role in structuring large populations and lessening the risk of total extinction.
Author: Bryan Shorrocks
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
This book examines the effects of environmental heterogeneity, or patchiness, on populations of plants and animals. The factors explored include variations in space, time, climactic conditions, food and other resources, and exposure to predators and parasites. In contrast to the once-prevailing view that environmental variation can be averaged-out without losing essential dynamics, the contributors to this volume find such heterogeneities often play a significant role in structuring large populations, especially in lessening the risk of extinction. Topics include the ways animals choose between patches that will expose them to different probabilities of starvation and predation, conservation in a variable environment and the optimal size of reserves, sex determination and sex ratios, patchiness and community structure, and extinctions of populations in correlated environments. The book will be of interest to ecologists, entomologists, environmental scientists, population geneticists, and biologists specializing in evolution, population, or conservation.
Author: British Ecological Society. Symposium
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521549356
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
A wide-ranging review of the effects of heterogeneity on individuals, populations, communities and biodiversity.
Author: Steward T.A. Pickett
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080504957
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 489
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Book Description
Ecologists are aware of the importance of natural dynamics in ecosystems. Historically, the focus has been on the development in succession of equilibrium communities, which has generated an understanding of the composition and functioning of ecosystems. Recently, many have focused on the processes of disturbances and the evolutionary significance of such events. This shifted emphasis has inspired studies in diverse systems. The phrase "patch dynamics" (Thompson, 1978) describes their common focus. The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics brings together the findings and ideas of those studying varied systems, presenting a synthesis of diverse individual contributions.
Author: T.N. Ananthakrishnan
Publisher: Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 9387869601
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
One of the principal aims in writing this book pertains to the increasing impact of human influence on natural habitats in recent years, more notably to the loss of habitat quality. Increased urbanization, considerable reduction in natural forest areas, changing ecology of fresh water ecosystems, lakes and wet lands, besides changing microhabitats, have had their impact on insect populations. A wide range of responses exist among several species of insects living in these changing environments, more especially landscape dynamics creating a shifting mosaic of habitats. Sudden changes in the extent or quality of habitat tend to influence the behaviour, reproduction and survival of individuals. In very rare cases the existence of a particular species depends on the presence of some other species, not to mention of the extinction of food chains. As such, a basic understanding of the nature of habitat loss and fragmentation and their impact on insect species dynamics become important. Numerous questions are raised about patterns and timing of the evolution of insect-plant association which are essential for an understanding as to ``why the world is the world as it is today''. In this effort several specialists on diverse aspects have generously rendered assistance through providing literature and photographs and while appreciating their generosity, we would like to thank them individually for all the assistance rendered without which the production of this volume would be impossible.
Author: Edward B. Barbier
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401115184
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 219
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Book Description
In the Summer of 1991, Bob Carling, who was then Life Sciences Editor of Chapman & Hall, approached me over the possibility of producing an edited volume of works on economics and ecology. As we discussed the matter further, what became clear is that there is a growing literature on the' frontiers' of both disciplines that has involved economists 'borrowing' from ecology and ecologists 'borrowing' from economics. We decided that this volume should try to provide a small cross-section of that literature. I was very much interested in editing this volume for several reasons. First, one of my principal interests in economics has been how the economic analysis of natural resource and environmental problems can benefit from the concepts and lessons learned from other disciplines, in particular ecology. I was grateful at having the opportunity to pull together a selection of readings that illustrate how the integration of the two disciplines can lead to fruitful analysis. Second, I was also aware that, as Director of the London Environmental Economics Centre and as a Senior Researcher at the International Institute of Environment and Development, I was fortunate to have worked with or to have known a number of economists and ecologists whose work would be ideal for this volume. I was delighted that so many of my friends and colleagues were as enthusiastic about this project as I, and agreed to participate.
Author: John A Matthews
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1473928192
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 3227
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Book Description
Accessibly written by a team of international authors, the Encyclopedia of Environmental Change provides a gateway to the complex facts, concepts, techniques, methodology and philosophy of environmental change. This three-volume set illustrates and examines topics within this dynamic and rapidly changing interdisciplinary field. The encyclopedia includes all of the following aspects of environmental change: Diverse evidence of environmental change, including climate change and changes on land and in the oceans Underlying natural and anthropogenic causes and mechanisms Wide-ranging local, regional and global impacts from the polar regions to the tropics Responses of geo-ecosystems and human-environmental systems in the face of past, present and future environmental change Approaches, methodologies and techniques used for reconstructing, dating, monitoring, modelling, projecting and predicting change Social, economic and political dimensions of environmental issues, environmental conservation and management and environmental policy Over 4,000 entries explore the following key themes and more: Conservation Demographic change Environmental management Environmental policy Environmental security Food security Glaciation Green Revolution Human impact on environment Industrialization Landuse change Military impacts on environment Mining and mining impacts Nuclear energy Pollution Renewable resources Solar energy Sustainability Tourism Trade Water resources Water security Wildlife conservation The comprehensive coverage of terminology includes layers of entries ranging from one-line definitions to short essays, making this an invaluable companion for any student of physical geography, environmental geography or environmental sciences.
Author: Simon A. Levin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642501559
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
From the preface by Joel E. Cohen: "A century from now humanity will live in a managed - or mismanaged - global garden. We are debating the need to preserve tropical forests. Farming of the sea is providing an increasing part of our fish supply. We are beginning to control atmospheric emissions. In 100 years, we shall use novel farming practices and genetic engineering of bacteria to manipulate the methane production of rice fields. The continental shelf will be providing food, energy, possibly even living space. To make such intensive management possible will require massive improvements in data collection and analysis, and especially in our concepts. A century hence we will live on a wired earth: the oceans and the crust of the earth will receive the same comprehensive monitoring now devoted to weather. As the peoples of currently developing countries increase their levels of wealth, the need for global management will become irresistible as impatience with the accidents of nature and intolerance of mismanagement of the environment - especially of living resources - grow. Our control of physical perturbations and chemical inputs to the environment will be judged by the consequences to living organisms and biological communities. How can we obtain the factual and theoretical foundation needed to move from our present, fragmented knowledge and limited abilities to a managed, global garden?" This problem was addressed in the lectures and workshops of a summer school on patch dynamics at Cornell University. The school emphasized the analysis and interpretation of spatial patterns in terrestrial and marine environments. This book contains the course material of this school, combining general reviews with specific applications.
Author: Ilkka Hanski
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 9780198540656
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
Written by a world renowned biologist, this volume offers a comprehensive synthesis of current research in this rapidly expanding area of population biology. It covers both the essential theory and a wide range of empirical studies, including the author's groundbreaking work on the Glanville fritillary butterfly. It also includes practical applications to conservation biology. The book describes theoretical models for metapopulation dynamics in highly fragmented landscapes and emphasizes spatially realistic models. It presents the incidence function model and includes several detailed examples of its application. Accessible to advanced undergraduate and graduate students, Metapopulation Ecology will be a valuable resource for researchers in population biology, conservation biology, and landscape ecology.
Author: Yasuhiro Takeuchi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540344284
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 189
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Book Description
This volume discusses the rich and interesting properties of dynamical systems that appear in ecology and environmental sciences. It provides a fascinating survey of the theory of dynamical systems in ecology and environmental science. Each chapter introduces students and scholars to the state-of-the-art in an exciting area, presents new results, and inspires future contributions to mathematical modeling in ecology and environmental sciences.
