Lipid Mediators in Eye Inflammation PDF Download
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Author: Nicolás G. Bazán
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
Author: Nicolás G. Bazán
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
Author: Jan Lysia van Delft
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 125
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Book Description
Author: Adriano Rossi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 376437506X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
This book provides readers with an up-to-date and comprehensive view on the resolution of inflammation and on new developments in this area, including pro-resolution mediators, apoptosis, macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells, possible novel drug developments.
Author: Nicolaas Leonardus Joseph Verbey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 95
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Book Description
Author: Kenneth V. Honn
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030217353
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
The Organizing Committee of the 15th International Conference on Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Related Diseases compiled a group of junior investigators to provide reviews on the topics they presented at the Puerto Vallarta Bioactive Lipids conference, as part of the book series, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (AEMB). The book in this series will be titled Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Related Diseases. Topics range from all classes of lipids including prostaglandins, resolvins, spingolipids, P450-derived lipids, endocannabanoids and phospholipids. The focus includes physiology, cell biology, and structural studies in organisms from bacteria to humans and how these studies addressed the role of lipids in various disease i.e. cancer, inflammation, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and others.
Author: Fiona M. Cunningham
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
This volume provides an overview of lipid mediators from synthesis to inhibition. It addresses the immune system and its diseases from a pharmacological viewpoint and combines clinical aspects with basic science.
Author: Samantha Boran Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
The cornea is a transparent, avascular tissue at the ocular surface that refracts light and protects the eye from microbial infection. Inflammation, while a necessary and beneficial part of wound repair, can be detrimental if left unchecked especially in the cornea where transparency is necessary for vision. The cornea has thus evolved tightly regulated circuits to promote wound healing, maintain host defense, and control inflammation. One such pathway that plays a key role in the cornea is the 15-lipoxygenase(LOX)/lipoxin(LX) A4 lipid circuit that is present endogenously in the uninjured cornea. LXA4 is a lipid mediator derived from dietary fatty acids that displays potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving bioactions. Previous results have demonstrated a key role for LXA4 in a murine model of corneal epithelial abrasion where 15-LOX (and subsequent LXA4) deficiency impairs rate of wound repair while topical administration of LXA4 restores corneal wound healing. Sex-specific differences have long been observed in an inflammatory and/or autoimmune setting. Females have a higher incidence of many inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sjogren's syndrome. Furthermore, there is a sex-specific difference in rate of dermal wound repair that changes post-menopause, showing that inflammation and wound healing are intimately linked. In the eye, Dry Eye Syndrome is a highly widespread inflammatory-based disease that affects predominantly post-menopausal women. Androgen deficiency has been implicated in Dry Eye disease progression. On the other hand, estrogen's role in the eye has been largely ignored despite the presence of estrogen and its two traditional receptors in leukocytes and most major ocular tissues. An epidemiological study of forty thousand female health professionals revealed a correlation between estrogen replacement therapy and an increase in reported dry eye symptoms, implicating estrogen in inflammatory regulation. The overarching aim of this dissertation was to determine if sex-specific differences are driven by estrogen regulation of the corneal inflammatory reparative response; more specifically, to establish a link, if any, between estrogen signaling and the 15-LOX/LXA4 lipid circuit. Given the potent protective bioactions of LXA4 in corneal wound healing, an understanding of sex-steroid regulation of the 15-LOX/LXA4 circuit may have important implications in ocular therapy and inflammatory disease progression. The following hypothesis was tested: is there a sex-specific difference in the corneal inflammatory reparative response and, if so, what role does estrogen play in the establishment of such differences? An estrogen-driven sex-specific difference in corneal wound healing was demonstrated for the first time. Estrogen receptor (ER) [beta] signaling downregulated corneal epithelial 15-LOX expression and subsequent LXA4 formation, the first study to link sex-specific differences and the action of estradiol to the protective anti-inflammatory 15-LOX/LXA4 circuit. Furthermore, a sex-specific difference in corneal inflammatory tone and leukocyte population upon re-injury was established. In vitro assays of phagocytosis demonstrated for the first time that phagocytosis is a potent stimulus for LXA4 formation, establishing a positive feedforward loop for LXA4 action in leukocytes whereby LXA4 stimulates phagocytosis and subsequent phagocytosis stimulates LXA4 production. Estrogen signaling via ER[beta] was also shown to upregulate neutrophil retention and delay clearance by inhibiting the LXA4-induced stimulation of phagocytosis. Taken together, these results provide evidence for an ER[beta]-driven upregulation of the inflammatory response and downregulation of the protective 15-LOX/LXA4 lipid pathway in the corneal wound healing response. Elucidation of these sex-specific and sex steroid-driven differences provides insights into the high female-dominated incidence of inflammatory diseases. Estrogen primes females for an amplified inflammatory response upon a disruption to the ocular surface. This has important ramifications in the cornea where chronic inflammation can lead to blindness.
Author: Edward J Holland
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 1455728764
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 474
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Book Description
Ocular Surface Disease: Cornea, Conjunctiva and Tear Film incorporates current research and the latest management strategies as well as classification systems and treatment paradigms for all forms of ocular surface disease. This is the first comprehensive resource that helps you to meet ocular surface disease challenges effectively using today's best medical and surgical approaches. Get the complete, evidence-based guidance you need to provide optimal care for your patients with ocular surface disease. Implement the latest drug treatments and surgical interventions to provide better outcomes with fewer complications. Hone and expand your surgical skills by watching videos of leading experts performing advanced procedures including ocular surface transplantation techniques; amniotic membrane transplantation; pterygium surgery; lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in ocular surface disease; and keratoprosthesis surgery. Visualize how to proceed by reviewing detailed, full-color images and consulting new classification systems and treatment paradigms for mild to severe forms of ocular surface disease. Take it with you anywhere! Access the full text, downloadable image library, video clips, and more online at expertconsult.com.
Author: Paul G. Winyard
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1592593747
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 373
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Book Description
Inflammation has been described as the basis of many pathologies of human disease. When one considers the updated signs of inflammation, they would be vasodilation, cell migration, and, in the case of chronic inflam- tion, cell proliferation, often with an underlying autoimmune basis. Gen- ally, inflammation may be divided into acute, chronic, and autoimmune, - though the editors believe that most, if not all, chronic states are often the result of an autoimmune response to an endogenous antigen. Thus, a proper understanding of the inflammatory basis may provide clues to new therap- tic targets not only in classical inflammatory diseases, but atherosclerosis, cancer, and ischemic heart disease as well. The lack of advances in classical inflammatory diseases, such as rh- matoid arthritis, may in part arise from a failure to classify the disease into different forms. That different forms exist is exemplified in patients with d- fering responses to existing antiinflammatory drugs, ranging from nonresponders to very positive responders for a particular nonsteroidal an- inflammatory drug (NSAID). Though researchers have progressively unr- eled the mechanisms, the story is far from complete. It should also be noted that the inflammatory response is part of the innate immune response, or to use John Hunter’s words in 1795, “inflammation is a salutary response.” That may be applied in particular to the defensive response to invading micro- ganisms.
Author: Q.D. Nguyen
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3318055654
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
The use of pharmacotherapeutics in the management of retinal diseases is rapidly evolving, and a favorable therapy for the patient. Today anti-VEGF agents are used for a range of indications from inflammation-related choroidal neovascularization to macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion or diabetic retinopathy. Beyond VEGF, there is an array of target areas under investigation – not only for vascular pathologies such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic eye disease, but also for degenerative, infectious and inflammatory retinal conditions. This publication discusses many aspects from basic research on the retina, to animal models for retinal drug delivery, retinal diseases that are amenable to pharmacotherapy and also drugs and mechanisms in retinal diseases. Anyone concerned with the management of retinal diseases - the general ophthalmologist and the retina specialist alike – will find this book indispensable reading.
