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Author: Willem van Zeist
Publisher: Dr Ludwig Reichert
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
This volume presents a review and evaluation of the palynological examination of Near and Eastern sediment cores covering the last 30,000 years, eith the aim of reconstructing the Late Quaternary vegetational history. The pollen evidence is supplemented by archaeobotanical data.As the vegetation of earlier times cannot be understood without knowledge of the modern vegetation in relation to environmental conditions, a synopsis of the topography, climate and (potential) natural vegetation is presented. Surface-sample studies inform us as a prerequisite for the interpretation of fossil pollen spectra in terms of vegetations of the past.A major part of the book is devoted to the discussion of the regional vegetation histories. For each ofthe regions the evidence, usually in the form of abridged pollen diagrams, is presented. Palaeo-vegetation maps prepared for the Northwest Zagros Mountains, Southwestern Anatolia, Northwestern Anatolia and the Southern Levant illustrate the interpretation of the pollen data. The regional maps are of considerable use in the study of prehistoric settlement patterns. In addition, generalized palaeo-vegetation maps for the whole of the Near East, so far as covered by pollen cores, are presented.In a final chapter the interference of ancient man with the vegetation, as documented in the pollen record, is discussed. In spite of the evidence for large-scale forest clearences, most of the potential forest and woodland areas remained predominantly wooded probably until only a few centuries ago.The book is of interest to archaeologists, botanists, palynologists, climatologists, geomorphologists and geographers.
Author: Willem van Zeist
Publisher: Dr Ludwig Reichert
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 160
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume presents a review and evaluation of the palynological examination of Near and Eastern sediment cores covering the last 30,000 years, eith the aim of reconstructing the Late Quaternary vegetational history. The pollen evidence is supplemented by archaeobotanical data.As the vegetation of earlier times cannot be understood without knowledge of the modern vegetation in relation to environmental conditions, a synopsis of the topography, climate and (potential) natural vegetation is presented. Surface-sample studies inform us as a prerequisite for the interpretation of fossil pollen spectra in terms of vegetations of the past.A major part of the book is devoted to the discussion of the regional vegetation histories. For each ofthe regions the evidence, usually in the form of abridged pollen diagrams, is presented. Palaeo-vegetation maps prepared for the Northwest Zagros Mountains, Southwestern Anatolia, Northwestern Anatolia and the Southern Levant illustrate the interpretation of the pollen data. The regional maps are of considerable use in the study of prehistoric settlement patterns. In addition, generalized palaeo-vegetation maps for the whole of the Near East, so far as covered by pollen cores, are presented.In a final chapter the interference of ancient man with the vegetation, as documented in the pollen record, is discussed. In spite of the evidence for large-scale forest clearences, most of the potential forest and woodland areas remained predominantly wooded probably until only a few centuries ago.The book is of interest to archaeologists, botanists, palynologists, climatologists, geomorphologists and geographers.
Author: B. Huntley
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940093081X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 808
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Book Description
The analysis of vegetation history is one of the prime objectives for vegetation scientists. In order to understand the recent composition of local floras and plant communities a second knowledge of species com position during recent millenia is essential. With the present concern over climate changes, due to human activities, an understanding of past vegeta tion distribution becomes even more important, since the correlation between climate and vegetation can often be used to predict possible impacts to crops and forests. I was very fortunate to receive the help of Drs. Webb and Huntley to compile this volume on vegetation history. They have collated an impres sive set of papers which together give an account of the vegetation history of most of the continents during the late-Tertiary and Quaternery periods. There are, however, gaps in the coverage achieved, most notably Africa, and Asia apart from Japan. The information in this book will nonetheless certainly be used widely by vegetation scientists for the regions covered in the book and much of it has relevance to the areas not explicitly described. The authors of the individual chapters have done their best to cover recent topics of interest as well as established facts. It is intended that a separate volume will be produced in the near future covering the vegetation history of Africa and Asia. I thank the editors of It fits well into the this volume for their commendable achievement.
Author: Ofer Bar-Yosef
Publisher: Radiocarbon Department of Geosciences University of Arizona
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
Klima - Umwelt - Geologie.
Author: John T. Andrews
Publisher: Geological Society of London
ISBN: 9781897799611
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
The focus of this book is on oceanic climate change during the last deglaciation period and the high temporal resolution that can be obtained from sediment records at continental margin sites. The book draws together papers from the north-eastern North American continental margin with those from the north-west European Arctic and the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans.
Author: Jürgen Runge
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000431150
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
This book celebrates the relaunch of the African Pollen Database, presents state-of-the-art of modern and ancient pollen data from sub-Saharan Africa, and promotes Open Access science. Pollen grains are powerful tools for the study of past vegetation dynamics because they preserve well within sedimentary deposits and have a huge diversity in ornamentation that allows different taxa to be determined. The reconstruction of past vegetation from the examination of ancient pollen records thus can be used to characterize the nature of past landscapes (e.g. abundance of forests vs. grasslands), provide insights into changes in biodiversity, and gain empirical evidence of vegetation response to climatic change and human activity. In this, the 35th Volume of "Palaeoecology of Africa", we bring together new data and extensive synthetic reviews to provide novel insights into the relationships between human evolution, human activity, climate change and vegetation dynamics during the Quaternary, the last 2.6 million years. Current and ongoing climate and land-use change is exerting pressure on modern vegetation formations and threatening the livelihoods and wellbeing of many peoples in Africa. In this book the focus is on the Quaternary because it is during this geological period that the modern vegetation formations developed into their current configurations against a backdrop of high magnitude global climate change (glacial-interglacial cycles), human evolution, and a growing human land-use footprint. In this book the latest information is presented and collated from around the African continent to parameterize past vegetation states, identify the drivers of vegetation change, and assess the vegetation resilience to change. To achieve this research from two broad themes are covered: (i) the present is the key to the past (i.e. studies which improve our understanding of modern environments so that we can better interpret evidence from the past), and (ii) the past is the key to the future (i.e. studies which unlock information on how and why vegetation changed in the past so one can better anticipate trajectories of future change). This Open Access book will provide a strong foundation for future research exploring past ecological, environmental and climatic change within Africa and the surrounding islands. The book is organized regionally (covering western, eastern, central, and southern Africa) and it contains specialized articles focused on particular topics (such as modern pollen-vegetation relationships and fire as a driver of vegetation change), as well as regional and pan-African syntheses drawing together decades of research to assess key scientific questions (including the role of climate in driving vegetation change and the role of vegetation change in human evolution). These articles will be useful to students and teachers from high school to the highest level of university who are interested in the origins and dynamics of vegetation in Africa. Furthermore, it is also meant to provide societally relevant information that can act as an inspiration for the development of sustainable management practices for the future.
Author: Herbert Edgar Wright
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 145290796X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
Author: Yehouda Enzel
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107090466
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 789
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Book Description
Over eighty contributions from leading researchers review 2.5 million years of environmental change and human cultural evolution in the Levant.
Author: Huw I. Griffiths
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402028547
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
This is the first attempt to synthesize current understanding of biodiversity in the great European hot spot. A diverse group of international researchers offers perspective on biodiversity at the level of the gene, species and ecosystem, including contributions on temporal change. Biological groups include plants, mammals, spiders and humans, cave-dwelling organisms, fish, aquatic invertebrates and algae.
Author: Gerhard Lang
Publisher: Haupt Verlag
ISBN: 3258482144
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 689
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Book Description
Based on palaeoecological studies by many authors, this book gives an overview of the changing history of the European plant cover during the past 2.6 million years, characterized by numerous cold and warm periods. The period of the last 20 000 years (from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present) is presented in detail, with special emphasis on the vegetation dynamics of Europe, the history of selected woody plants, the development of lakes and bogs and the emergence of European cultural landscapes under the influence of humans over thousands of years. In the analysis of the glacial and interglacial periods, the focus is on the different vegetation developments and the progressive impoverishment of the European flora. Further important topics are the spatio-temporal patterns and causes of long-term vegetation changes, the legacies of disturbances and land use on vegetation composition, the role of palaeoecology in nature conservation and its contribution to ecology and environmental sciences. In addition to recent research results, the book provides an overview of the main palaeoecological research methods. It concludes with a summary of the history of palaeoecology and Quaternary botany. For the first time, a detailed synthesis is presented of the many findings on European vegetation dynamics, which are complex and increasingly difficult to summarize. Numerous figures and tables, many of them original, accompany the text. The bibliography includes over 3000 publications. This book is primarily intended for students, researchers and practitioners in plant ecology, palaeoecology, palaeoclimatology, forestry, agronomy, Quaternary sciences, climate sciences, biogeography, geography and archaeology.
Author: D. T. Potts
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1405189886
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1509
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Book Description
A COMPANION TO THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East is a comprehensive and authoritative overview of ancient material culture from the late Pleistocene to Late Antiquity. This expansive two-volume work includes 58 new essays from an international community of ancient Near East scholars. With coverage extending from Asia Minor, the eastern Mediterranean, and Egypt to the Caucasus, Central Asia, and the Indo-Iranian borderlands, the book highlights the enormous variation in cultural developments across roughly 11,000 years of human endeavor. In addition to chapters devoted to specific regions and particular periods, many contributors concentrate on individual industries and major themes in ancient Near Eastern archaeology, ranging from metallurgy and agriculture to irrigation and fishing. Controversial issues, including the nature and significance of the antiquities market, ethical considerations in archaeological praxis, the history of the foundation of departments of antiquities, and ancient attitudes towards the past, make this a unique collection of studies that will be of interest to scholars, students, and interested readers alike.
