Land Use Change and Its Impact on Soil Properties Using Remote Sensing, Farmer Decision Rules and Modelling in Rural Regions of Northern Vietnam PDF Download
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Author: Thanh Thi Nguyen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Change
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Thanh Thi Nguyen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Change
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Clement, Floriane, Amezaga, Jaime M., Orange, Didier, Toan, Tran Duc
Publisher: IWMI
ISBN: 9290906642
Category : Land use
Languages : en
Pages : 31
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Book Description
This report identifies the driving forces for reforestation in three villages of Northern Vietnam. Using an institutional analysis focused on the rules governing upland access and use, the authors assess the relative impact of state policies (reforestation programs and forestland allocation) on land use change. Findings show that the latter are indirectly responsible for reforestation, but not because of the incentives they provided. Instead, they disrupted the local rules governing annual crop cultivation and grazing activities leading to the end of annual cropping. Tree plantation was chosen by farmers as a last resort option. Lessons learned highlight the importance of local level studies and collective rules for land management.
Author: Manh-Cuong Pham
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3865376908
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 420
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Author: Dang Viet Quang
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736941609
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
Intensification agriculture on sloping land in northwestern Vietnam has increased soil erosion and declined the soil fertility. In response to this decline in soil fertility, as well high output prices, highland farmers have increasingly turned to mineral fertilizers and high yielding varieties, and the rapid adoption of these has partly compensated for the underlying resource degradation process. However, these practices are not environmentally sustainable, and so long-term farm income levels could decline as a result. The objective of this studies is to explore the relationship between the decisions made within farm households and biophysical dynamics - such as soil erosion and soil fertility change, in order to assess how the introduction of soil conservation practices affects soil fertility and farm household incomes, to identify possible constraints on the adoption of soil conservation practices, quantify trade-offs between sustainability and the income of farm households, and to appraise the possible policy options available in order to promote the adoption of soil conservation practices. The studies applied an integrated model using a software package called ‘Mathematical Programming-based Multi-Agent Systems’ (MP-MAS) in combination processes manipulated using the Tropical Soil Productivity Calculator (TSPC). The model was calibrated to cover a 22.58 km2 catchment area in northwestern Vietnam that included 471 farm households, with each farm represented as an individual agent in the model. The results of the simulation showed that an increased use of mineral fertilizers improved crop yields and reduced soil nutrient losses. When soil conservation practices were included into the decision-making model, the area of land under these techniques remained low. The main constraints to the use of soil conservation practices identified included low crop yields and high labor requirements when compared to conventional practices, that is, those not using soil conservation techniques. It was also found that increasing levels of sustainability reduced soil erosion and soil nutrient losses, but also caused a decline in farm incomes. As a result, it was found that a soil-loss reduction of 80% was likely to reduce farm incomes by about 20±30%, revealing the trade-off between environmental sustainability and farm incomes. The model was then used to explore the potential effect of various policy interventions, such as payments being provided for environmental services and a subsidy being given to incentivize soil conservation adoption. Compensating farmers to reduce soil erosion required an environmental payment of about 4.5 to 6 million VND/ha, while a 3 million VND/ha (equal to 187.5 USD/ha) subsidy for applying soil conservation practices was found to decrease soil losses by 39% on average. In general, the studies showed that the current problem of soil degradation in Vietnam relies considerably on the decision-making of farmers in terms of their cropping activities as well as the application of fertilizers. The propagation of soil conservation techniques, the provision of payments for environmental services and the introduction of subsidy policies could all be used to address this problem. Applying a sustainability index in the model may be helpful in order to help scientists and policy makers estimate the payments needed to eliminate ecological problems.
Author: Bao-Le Quang
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3865376274
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
Author: Dinh Sam Do
Publisher: IIED
ISBN: 1843690993
Category : Forest policy
Languages : en
Pages : 73
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Book Description
Author: Martin Ravallion
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Allocation
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Abstract: While liberalizing key factor markets is a crucial step in the transition from a socialist control-economy to a market economy, the process can be stalled by imperfect information, high transaction costs, and covert resistance from entrenched interests. Ravallion and van de Walle study land-market adjustment in the wake of Vietnam's reforms aiming to establish a free market in land-use rights following de-collectivization. Inefficiencies in the initial administrative allocation are measured against an explicit counterfactual market solution. The authors' tests using a farm-household panel data set spanning the reforms suggest that land allocation responded positively but slowly to the inefficiencies of the administrative allocation. They find no sign that the transition favored the land rich or that it was thwarted by the continuing power over land held by local officials. This paper"a joint product of the Poverty Team and the Public Services Team, Development Research Group"is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the welfare impacts of major policy reforms.
Author: SUMANTA CHATTERJEE
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Soil and land surface properties including soil texture, terrain properties, and land cover types affect the global terrestrial water and carbon cycles including extreme events such as drought and forest fire. Soil health assessment at the field scale to drought delineation and forecasting at the continental scale is essential for sustainable agricultural production and informed management decisions for policymaking. The overall aim of this dissertation is to investigate how various soil and land surface properties influence agricultural resource monitoring including predicting soil physicochemical properties at the field scale, soil moisture modeling and drought forecasting at the continental scale, and forest wildfire modeling at the global scale. The dissertation is divided into four research chapters. Chapter 2 aims to map several key soil physicochemical properties across an 80-ha crop field in Wisconsin at different soil depths using a stepwise multi-sensor fusion approach. Management zones were generated using a combination of different proximal and remote sensing data including terrain and soil laboratory data and compared for accuracy and cost-benefit analysis at two depths across the field using a clustering algorithm. Chapter 3 aims at establishing an empirical model to retrieve surface soil moisture at the U.S. Climate reference Network using remote sensing, terrain, and soil property maps. Two machine learning models and a linear model were compared and assessed at diverse land cover types within the contiguous USA (CONUS). Chapter 4 investigates the role of root-zone soil moisture in drought forecasting across climate regimes, land cover and soil type, and irrigation management in the CONUS. Agriculture and meteorological drought indices were comprehensively compared to evaluate their ability for drought delineation and forecasting. Chapter 5 aims at detecting causal interactions of various land surface parameters (e.g., albedo, snow cover), vegetation growth (e.g., leaf area index) and stress (drought indicator-Evaporative Stress Index, precipitation) with the forest fire in the North American Boreal Forest (NABF) biome using Empirical Dynamic Modeling and Convergent Cross Mapping algorithms. It is concluded that soil moisture and physiochemical properties modeling and mapping could be done empirically using different machine learning models and multiple remote sensing, terrain, soil properties, and land cover type data with reasonable accuracy; root zone soil moisture has skills for agricultural drought forecasting; both land surface and environmental conditions influence forest fire incidents in the NABF region.
Author: Garik Gutman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400743068
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 474
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Book Description
This volume is a synthesis of the NASA funded work under the Land-Cover and Land-Use Change Program. Hundreds of scientists have worked for the past eight years to understand one of the most important forces that is changing our planet-human impacts on land cover, that is land use. Its contributions span the natural and the social sciences, and apply state-of-the-art techniques for understanding the earth: satellite remote sensing, geographic information systems, modeling, and advanced computing. It brings together detailed case studies, regional analyses, and globally scaled mapping efforts. This is the most organized effort made to understand the dominant force that has been responsible for changing the Earth’s biosphere. Audience: This publication will be of interest to students, scientists, and policy makers. This volume includes a CD-ROM containing full color images of a selection of illustrations which are printed in black-and-white in the book.
Author: Hoang Khanh Linh Nguyen
Publisher: Ibidem Press
ISBN: 9783838211367
Category : Land cover
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Da Nang City, located in the South Central Coast region of Vietnam, has developed in many aspects in the last two decades and has been known as one of the five independent municipalities of Vietnam. Today, it constitutes the Key Economic Zone in Central Vietnam. Rapid industrialization and urbanization have caused incessant change of land use and land cover (LULC) in Da Nang City. Linh Nguyen's study aims at detecting, quantifying, and characterizing the changes of LULC in the Da Nang City region by using multitemporal satellite images from 1979 to 2009; it further explores the effects of LULC changes on landscape structure through spatial landscape metrics. In a simulation it also shows the changes of LULC under different scenarios, utilizing the model of system dynamics and the model of dynamic conversion of land use and its effects. The results show that 37% of the total land has undergone change. Before being separated from Quang Nam Province (1979-1996), the LULC in Da Nang City changed gradually. However, after becoming an independent municipality, the LULC changed with accelerated speed, especially in the urban areas. Within 13 years (1996-2009), the urban area grew by 86.6%. The study suggests this is caused by a strong focus on economic development. Conversely, agriculture and forests had a high rate of change. The dynamic change of landscape indices reveal that agricultural areas were broken into smaller patches. However, except agriculture, patches of forestry and urban spaces tended to have a uniform landscape configuration. To simulate the future changes of LULC at Da Nang City from 2009 to 2030, three scenarios with different missions were developed, namely, Development as Usual, Aggressive Development, and Optimal Development. All scenarios result in a continuous increase in urban area and a gradual decrease in agriculture, barren, and shrub areas during the simulated period. The study provides new strategies for land use planning in comparable regions facing rapid urbanization.
