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Author: Elisa Barisone
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 204
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Book Description
La Spectrométrie à Décharge Luminescente est couramment utilisée pour l'analyse spectrochimique des matériaux et est devenue un outil standard pour l'analyse de la composition en profondeur de matériaux multi-couches. Cette technique permet aussi la quantification en se basant sur le nombre de photons émis par atome pulvérisé et ne dépend que de Z, l'impédance de la décharge employée pour l'analyse. Cette approche est basée sur l'analyse des métaux, sans fondement théorique, et son extension vers l'analyse des matériaux non-conducteurs n'est pas validée. Pour une géométrie fixée, Z dépend essentiellement de la pression du gaz plasmagène et de gamma, le taux d'émission d'électrons secondaires du matériau de la cathode. Ainsi, pour valider la quantification, il est nécessaire de connaître le gamma des différents matériaux et d'établir un classement. Un " effectif gamma " a été déterminé à partir des courbes de Paschen pour différents matériaux conducteurs et non-conducteurs. L'étude a montré que ce coefficient dépend sensiblement de l'état physico-chimique de la surface des électrodes, ces variations (jusqu'à 50%) rendent le résultat difficilement exploitable. En revanche, la détermination de la variation de Z avec la pression, a permis un classement des différents matériaux en fonction de leur gamma : une forte Z correspond à un faible gamma. De plus ces travaux ont montré qu'une variation de la pression du gaz plasmagène peut compenser l'effet de gamma sur l'impédance de la décharge ce qui est primordial pour la procédure de quantification. Afin de valider le procédé, nous avons analysé une couche mince organo-metallique (LiPON) et ainsi montré que la quantification est applicable aux matériaux complexes en couche mince.
Author: Elisa Barisone
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 204
Get Book Here
Book Description
La Spectrométrie à Décharge Luminescente est couramment utilisée pour l'analyse spectrochimique des matériaux et est devenue un outil standard pour l'analyse de la composition en profondeur de matériaux multi-couches. Cette technique permet aussi la quantification en se basant sur le nombre de photons émis par atome pulvérisé et ne dépend que de Z, l'impédance de la décharge employée pour l'analyse. Cette approche est basée sur l'analyse des métaux, sans fondement théorique, et son extension vers l'analyse des matériaux non-conducteurs n'est pas validée. Pour une géométrie fixée, Z dépend essentiellement de la pression du gaz plasmagène et de gamma, le taux d'émission d'électrons secondaires du matériau de la cathode. Ainsi, pour valider la quantification, il est nécessaire de connaître le gamma des différents matériaux et d'établir un classement. Un " effectif gamma " a été déterminé à partir des courbes de Paschen pour différents matériaux conducteurs et non-conducteurs. L'étude a montré que ce coefficient dépend sensiblement de l'état physico-chimique de la surface des électrodes, ces variations (jusqu'à 50%) rendent le résultat difficilement exploitable. En revanche, la détermination de la variation de Z avec la pression, a permis un classement des différents matériaux en fonction de leur gamma : une forte Z correspond à un faible gamma. De plus ces travaux ont montré qu'une variation de la pression du gaz plasmagène peut compenser l'effet de gamma sur l'impédance de la décharge ce qui est primordial pour la procédure de quantification. Afin de valider le procédé, nous avons analysé une couche mince organo-metallique (LiPON) et ainsi montré que la quantification est applicable aux matériaux complexes en couche mince.
Author: Ahmed Belasri
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811554447
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 659
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Book Description
This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.
Author: Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527345558
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 790
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Book Description
This new, third volume of Cohen-Tannoudji's groundbreaking textbook covers advanced topics of quantum mechanics such as uncorrelated and correlated identical particles, the quantum theory of the electromagnetic field, absorption, emission and scattering of photons by atoms, and quantum entanglement. Written in a didactically unrivalled manner, the textbook explains the fundamental concepts in seven chapters which are elaborated in accompanying complements that provide more detailed discussions, examples and applications. * Completing the success story: the third and final volume of the quantum mechanics textbook written by 1997 Nobel laureate Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and his colleagues Bernard Diu and Franck Laloë * As easily comprehensible as possible: all steps of the physical background and its mathematical representation are spelled out explicitly * Comprehensive: in addition to the fundamentals themselves, the books comes with a wealth of elaborately explained examples and applications Claude Cohen-Tannoudji was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris where he also studied and received his PhD in 1962. In 1973 he became Professor of atomic and molecular physics at the Collège des France. His main research interests were optical pumping, quantum optics and atom-photon interactions. In 1997, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, together with Steven Chu and William D. Phillips, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his research on laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms. Bernard Diu was Professor at the Denis Diderot University (Paris VII). He was engaged in research at the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics and High Energy where his focus was on strong interactions physics and statistical mechanics. Franck Laloë was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. His first assignment was with the University of Paris VI before he was appointed to the CNRS, the French National Research Center. His research was focused on optical pumping, statistical mechanics of quantum gases, musical acoustics and the foundations of quantum mechanics.
Author: Don Montague
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 9780419199106
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
This dual-language dictionary lists over 20,000 specialist terms in both French and English, covering architecture, building, engineering and property terms. It meets the needs of all building professionals working on projects overseas. It has been comprehensively researched and compiled to provide an invaluable reference source in an increasingly European marketplace.
Author: Stphane Mallarm
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674032403
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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Book Description
"This is a book just the way I don't like them," the father of French Symbolism, Stphane Mallarm, informs the reader in his preface to Divagations: "scattered and with no architecture." On the heels of this caveat, Mallarm's diverting, discursive, and gorgeously disordered 1897 masterpiece tumbles forth--and proves itself to be just the sort of book his readers like most. The salmagundi of prose poems, prose-poetic musings, criticism, and reflections that is Divagations has long been considered a treasure trove by students of aesthetics and modern poetry. If Mallarm captured the tone and very feel of fin-de-sicle Paris, he went on to captivate the minds of the greatest writers of the twentieth century--from Valry and Eliot to Paul de Man and Jacques Derrida. This was the only book of prose he published in his lifetime and, in a new translation by Barbara Johnson, is now available for the first time in English as Mallarm arranged it. The result is an entrancing work through which a notoriously difficult-to-translate voice shines in all of its languor and musicality. Whether contemplating the poetry of Tennyson, the possibilities of language, a masturbating priest, or the transporting power of dance, Mallarm remains a fascinating companion--charming, opinionated, and pedantic by turns. As an expression of the Symbolist movement and as a contribution to literary studies, Divagations is vitally important. But it is also, in Johnson's masterful translation, endlessly mesmerizing.
Author: Max Weber
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 143911918X
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 522
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Book Description
Weber’s classic study which deals specifically with: Types of Asceticism and the Significance of Ancient Judaism, History and Social Organization of Ancient Palestine, Political Organization and Religious Ideas in the Time of the Confederacy and the Early Kings, Political Decline, Religious Conflict and Biblical Prophecy.
Author: Mathilde Kaspi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030366065
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
This Atlas gives the complete expert opinion on the diagnostic features of eyelid and conjunctival tumors (benign and malignant): a state-of-the-art guide with numerous images, useful for both dermatologists and ophthalmologists. This invaluable resource, illustrating clinical, histological and re fectance confocal microscopy features, first addresses the normal conditions of the ocular surface, then reviews lesions due to epidermal, melanocytic and adnexal tumors. A final part is devoted to conjunctiva conditions, from normal to malignant conjunctival tumors. The high number of illustrations and their description of many ocular surface lesions with in vivo confocal microscopy make this atlas an essential guide for the practitioners of both specialities.
Author: Sébastien Forget
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642367054
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 179
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Book Description
Organic lasers are broadly tunable coherent sources, potentially compact, convenient and manufactured at low-costs. Appeared in the mid 60’s as solid-state alternatives for liquid dye lasers, they recently gained a new dimension after the demonstration of organic semiconductor lasers in the 90's. More recently, new perspectives appeared at the nanoscale, with organic polariton and surface plasmon lasers. After a brief reminder to laser physics, a first chapter exposes what makes organic solid-state organic lasers specific. The laser architectures used in organic lasers are then reviewed, with a state-of-the-art review of the performances of devices with regard to output power, threshold, lifetime, beam quality etc. A survey of the recent trends in the field is given, highlighting the latest developments with a special focus on the challenges remaining for achieving direct electrical pumping of organic semiconductor lasers. A last chapter covers the applications of organic solid-state lasers.
Author: Wesley C. Salmon
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN: 0822959267
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
As Aristotle stated, scientific explanation is based on deductive argument--yet, Wesley C. Salmon points out, not all deductive arguments are qualified explanations. The validity of the explanation must itself be examined. Four Decades of Scientific Explanation provides a comprehensive account of the developments in scientific explanation that transpired in the last four decades of the twentieth century. It continues to stand as the most comprehensive treatment of the writings on the subject during these years. Building on the historic 1948 essay by Carl G. Hempel and Paul Oppenheim, "Studies in the Logic of Explanation,” which introduced the deductive-nomological (D-N) model on which most work on scientific explanation was based for the following four decades, Salmon goes beyond this model's inherent basis of describing empirical knowledge to tells us “not only what, but also why.” Salmon examines the predominant models in chronological order and describes their development, refinement, and criticism or rejection. Four Decades of Scientific Explanation underscores the need for a consensus of approach and ongoing evaluations of methodology in scientific explanation, with the goal of providing a better understanding of natural phenomena.
Author: George A. Mashour
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190453303
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Although the perioperative care of patients by anesthesiologists draws on diverse clinical skills, the principles of anesthesiology and pain management are rooted in the neurosciences. The Neuroscientific Foundations of Anesthesiology thoroughly examines the anesthetic modulation of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems and will help redefine anesthesiology as a fundamentally neuroscientific field. The book is organized by sections, with each focusing on a different part of the nervous system. State-of-the-art chapters written by thought-leaders in anesthesiology and neuroscience provide a novel and invaluable resource.
