Isotopic Ratio Measurements Using Ultra-high Resolution Infrared Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy PDF Download
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Author: Ramil Yaldaei
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Laser spectroscopy
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Author: Ramil Yaldaei
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Laser spectroscopy
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Author: Paul Michael Belden
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The atmospheric abundances of carbon dioxide and methane have increased dramatically during the industrial era. Measurements of the isotopic composition of these gases can provide a powerful tool for quantifying their sources and sinks. This report describes the development of a portable instrument for isotopic analysis CO2 and CH4 using tunable infrared laser absorption spectroscopy. This instrument combines novel optical design and signal processing methods with a widely tunable mid-infrared laser source based on difference frequency generation (DFG) which will can access spectral regions for all the isotopes of CO2 and CH4 with a single instrument. The instrument design compensates for the large difference in concentration between major and minor isotopes by measuring them with path lengths which differ by a factor of 100 within the same multipass cell. During Phase I we demonstrated the basic optical design and signal processing by determining 13CO2 isotopic ratios with precisions as small as 0.2{per_thousand} using a conventional lead salt diode laser. During Phase II, the DFG laser source was coupled with the optical instrument and was demonstrated to detect 13CH4/12CH4 ratios with a precision of 0.5{per_thousand} and an averaging time of 20 s using concentrated methane in air with a mixing ratio of 2700 ppm. Methods for concentrating ambient air for isotopic analysis using this technique have been evaluated. Extensions of this instrument to other species such as 13CO2, C18OO, and CH3D are possible by substituting lasers at other wavelengths in the DFG source module. The immediate commercial application of this instrument will be to compete with existing mass spectrometric isotope instruments which are expensive, large and relatively slow. The novel infrared source developed in this project can be applied to the measurement of many other gas species and will have wide application in atmospheric monitoring, industrial process control, and medical research and diagnostic development.
Author: Earth Resources Laboratory (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Remote sensing
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Author: National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 452
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Author:
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Category : Weights and measures
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Author:
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Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 892
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Author: Thomas Foken
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030521710
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1761
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This practical handbook provides a clearly structured, concise and comprehensive account of the huge variety of atmospheric and related measurements relevant to meteorologists and for the purpose of weather forecasting and climate research, but also to the practitioner in the wider field of environmental physics and ecology. The Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements is divided into six parts: The first part offers instructive descriptions of the basics of atmospheric measurements and the multitude of their influencing factors, fundamentals of quality control and standardization, as well as equations and tables of atmospheric, water, and soil quantities. The subsequent parts present classical in-situ measurements as well as remote sensing techniques from both ground-based as well as airborn or satellite-based methods. The next part focusses on complex measurements and methods that integrate different techniques to establish more holistic data. Brief discussions of measurements in soils and water, at plants, in urban and rural environments and for renewable energies demonstrate the potential of such applications. The final part provides an overview of atmospheric and ecological networks. Written by distinguished experts from academia and industry, each of the 64 chapters provides in-depth discussions of the available devices with their specifications, aspects of quality control, maintenance as well as their potential for the future. A large number of thoroughly compiled tables of physical quantities, sensors and system characteristics make this handbook a unique, universal and useful reference for the practitioner and absolutely essential for researchers, students, and technicians.
Author: V.S. Sevastyanov
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466594071
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry of Light Gas-Forming Elements explores different methods of isotope analysis, including spark, secondary ion, laser, glow discharge, and isotope ratio mass spectrometry. It explains how to evaluate the isotopic composition of light elements (H, C, N, O) in solid, liquid, and gaseous samples of organic and inorganic substances, as well as: Presents a universal, economical, simple, and rapid technique for sample preparation of organic substances to measure the isotopic composition of carbon Describes how to determine microbial mineralization of organic matter in soil and the effect of exogenous substrates on environmental sustainability Examines use of the isotopic composition of n-alkanes from continental vegetation to study the paleoclimate and plant physiology Proposes a systematic approach to identifying tobacco areas of origin and tobacco products based on data from the isotopic composition of light elements Discusses ways to detect doping drugs and suggests results assessment criteria based on determining reference intervals for endogenous markers Reviews methods of release of gases from inclusions of rocks and minerals for further implementation of isotope mass spectrometric analysis Considers use of optical isotope analyzers for determining the isotopic composition of carbon in CO2 and of hydrogen and oxygen in water Providing a complete picture of the latest advancements in the field, Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry of Light Gas-Forming Elements aids readers from a variety of disciplines in identifying the fundamental processes in biological, ecological, and geological systems and in revealing the subtle features of many physicochemical processes and chemical transformations.
