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Author: Fotis Rigas
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439862311
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
Hydrogen Safety highlights physiological, physical, and chemical hazards associated with hydrogen production, storage, distribution, and use systems. It also examines potential accident scenarios that could occur with hydrogen use under certain conditions. The number of potential applications for hydrogen continues to grow—from cooling power station generators to widespread commercial use in hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles and other fuel-cell applications. However, this volatile substance poses unique challenges, including easy leakage, low ignition energy, a wide range of combustible fuel-air mixtures, buoyancy, and its ability to embrittle metals that are required to ensure safe operation. Focused on providing a balanced view of hydrogen safety—one that integrates principles from physical sciences, engineering, management, and social sciences—this book is organized to address questions associated with the hazards of hydrogen and the ensuing risk associated with its industrial and public use. What are the properties of hydrogen that can render it a hazardous substance? How have these hazards historically resulted in undesired incidents? How might these hazards arise in the storage of hydrogen and with its use in vehicular transportation? The authors address issues of inherently safer design, safety management systems, and safety culture. They highlight hydrogen storage facilities —which pose greater hazards because of the increased quantities stored and handled—and the dangers of using hydrogen as a fuel for transport. Presented experiments are included to verify computer simulations with the aid of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of both gaseous and liquefied hydrogen. The book also provides an overview of the European Commission (EC) Network of Excellence for Hydrogen Safety (HySafe) and presents various case studies associated with hydrogen and constructional materials. It concludes with a brief look at future research requirements and current legal requirements for hydrogen safety.
Author: Fotis Rigas
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439862311
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 305
Get Book
Book Description
Hydrogen Safety highlights physiological, physical, and chemical hazards associated with hydrogen production, storage, distribution, and use systems. It also examines potential accident scenarios that could occur with hydrogen use under certain conditions. The number of potential applications for hydrogen continues to grow—from cooling power station generators to widespread commercial use in hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles and other fuel-cell applications. However, this volatile substance poses unique challenges, including easy leakage, low ignition energy, a wide range of combustible fuel-air mixtures, buoyancy, and its ability to embrittle metals that are required to ensure safe operation. Focused on providing a balanced view of hydrogen safety—one that integrates principles from physical sciences, engineering, management, and social sciences—this book is organized to address questions associated with the hazards of hydrogen and the ensuing risk associated with its industrial and public use. What are the properties of hydrogen that can render it a hazardous substance? How have these hazards historically resulted in undesired incidents? How might these hazards arise in the storage of hydrogen and with its use in vehicular transportation? The authors address issues of inherently safer design, safety management systems, and safety culture. They highlight hydrogen storage facilities —which pose greater hazards because of the increased quantities stored and handled—and the dangers of using hydrogen as a fuel for transport. Presented experiments are included to verify computer simulations with the aid of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of both gaseous and liquefied hydrogen. The book also provides an overview of the European Commission (EC) Network of Excellence for Hydrogen Safety (HySafe) and presents various case studies associated with hydrogen and constructional materials. It concludes with a brief look at future research requirements and current legal requirements for hydrogen safety.
Author: Alexei Kotchourko
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128204923
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 420
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Book Description
Hydrogen Safety for Energy Applications: Engineering Design, Risk Assessment, and Codes and Standards presents different aspects of contemporary knowledge regarding the hazards, risks and safety connected with hydrogen systems. Sections cover the main hydrogen technologies and explore the scientific aspects of possible sources and consequences of accidental events that can occur when hydrogen is used, including in its vehicular applications. Risk assessment, as well as the safety measures/safety barriers applicable in such situations are also considered. Finally, a short survey concerning legal aspects is presented. Provides factual material, such as models, correlations, tables, nomograms and formulas that can be used to perform evaluations and propose mitigation measures Presents reference data and detailed descriptions and guidelines for contemporary risk assessment methodologies Covers accident phenomena and consequences of accidents specific to hydrogen systems in a widely and applicable way for a wide variety of hydrogen activities
Author: J. Hord
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrogen
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
Author: National Academy of Engineering
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309091632
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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Book Description
The announcement of a hydrogen fuel initiative in the President's 2003 State of the Union speech substantially increased interest in the potential for hydrogen to play a major role in the nation's long-term energy future. Prior to that event, DOE asked the National Research Council to examine key technical issues about the hydrogen economy to assist in the development of its hydrogen R&D program. Included in the assessment were the current state of technology; future cost estimates; CO2 emissions; distribution, storage, and end use considerations; and the DOE RD&D program. The report provides an assessment of hydrogen as a fuel in the nation's future energy economy and describes a number of important challenges that must be overcome if it is to make a major energy contribution. Topics covered include the hydrogen end-use technologies, transportation, hydrogen production technologies, and transition issues for hydrogen in vehicles.
Author: L.J.M.J. Blomen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780306441585
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 640
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Book Description
In light of recent alarming environmental trends combined with increasing commercial viability of fuel cells, the time is propitious for a book focusing on the systematic aspects of cell plant technology. This multidisciplinary text covers the main types of fuel cells, R&D issues, plant design and construction, and economic factors to provide industrial and academic researchers working in electrical systems design, electrochemistry, and engineering with a unique and comprehensive resource.
Author: Thomas Hübert
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466596554
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 387
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Book Description
Understand, Select, and Design Sensors for Hydrogen-Based Applications The use of hydrogen generated from renewable energy sources is expected to become an essential component of a low-carbon, environmentally friendly energy supply, spurring the worldwide development of hydrogen technologies. Sensors for Safety and Process Control in Hydrogen Technologies provides practical, expert-driven information on modern sensors for hydrogen and other gases as well as physical parameters essential for safety and process control in hydrogen technologies. It illustrates how sensing technologies can ensure the safe and efficient implementation of the emerging global hydrogen market. The book explains the various facets of sensor technologies, including practical aspects relevant in hydrogen technologies. It presents a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the theory (physical and chemical principles), design, and implementations of sensors in hydrogen technologies. The authors also offer guidance on the development of new sensors based on the analysis of the capabilities and limitations of existing sensors with respect to current performance requirements. Suitable for both technical and non-technical personnel, the book provides a balance between detailed descriptions and simple explanations. It gives invaluable insight into the role sensors play as key enabling devices for both control and safety in established and emerging hydrogen technologies.
Author: Luis M Gandia
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 044456361X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 471
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Book Description
The fields covered by the hydrogen energy topic have grown rapidly, and now it has become clearly multidisciplinary. In addition to production, hydrogen purification and especially storage are key challenges that could limit the use of hydrogen fuel. In this book, the purification of hydrogen with membrane technology and its storage in "solid" form using new hydrides and carbon materials are addressed. Other novelties of this volume include the power conditioning of water electrolyzers, the integration in the electric grid of renewable hydrogen systems and the future role of microreactors and micro-process engineering in hydrogen technology as well as the potential of computational fluid dynamics to hydrogen equipment design and the assessment of safety issues. Finally, and being aware that transportation will likely constitute the first commercial application of hydrogen fuel, two chapters are devoted to the recent advances in hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines for transport vehicles. Hydrogen from water and biomass considered Holistic approach to the topic of renewable hydrogen production Power conditioning of water electrolyzers and integration of renewable hydrogen energy systems considered Subjects not included in previous books on hydrogen energy Micro process technology considered Subject not included in previous books on hydrogen energy Applications of CFD considered Subject not included in previous books on hydrogen energy Fundamental aspects will not be discussed in detail consciously as they are suitably addressed in previous books Emphasis on technological advancements Chapters written by recognized experts Up-to date approach to the subjects and relevant bibliographic references
Author: J. Hord
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9781390546262
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Book Description
Excerpt from Is Hydrogen Safe? The safety aspects of hydrogen are systematically examined and compared with those of methane and gasoline. Physical and chemical property data for all three fuels are compiled and used to provide a basis for comparing the various safety features of the three fuels. Each fuel is examined to evaluate its fire hazard, fire damage, explosive hazard and explosive damage characteristics. The fire characteristics of hydrogen, methane and gasoline, while different, do not largely favor the preferred use of any one of the three fuels; however, the threat of fuel air explosions in confined spaces is greatest for hydrogen. Gasoline is believed to be the easiest and perhaps the safest fuel to store because of its lower volatility and narrower flammable and detonable limits. It is concluded that all three fuels can be safely stored and used; however, the level of safety risk for each fuel will' vary from one application to another. Generalized safety comparisons are made herein but detailed safety analyses will be required to establish the relative safety of differ ent fuels for each specific fuel application and stipulated accident. The technical data supplied in this paper will provide much of the framework for such analyses. Hydrogen safety guidelines, regulatory codes applicable to the distribution of hydrogen, and safety criteria for liquid hydrogen storage are compiled and presented. Key words: Explosion, fire, fuel, gasoline, hydrogen, methane, safety. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: P K Pahwa
Publisher: The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)
ISBN: 8179935043
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 391
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Book Description
As the dependence on the depleting fossils fuels continues and global warming increases, we need to find an energy system that is renewable and sustainable, efficient and cost-effective, convenient and safe. Hydrogen has been proposed as the perfect fuel to sustain the energy system. The availability of a reliable and cost-effective supply, safe and efficient storage, and convenient end use of hydrogen will be essential for a transition to a hydrogen economy. Research is being conducted throughout the world for the development of safe, cost-effective hydrogen production, storage, and end-use technologies that support and foster this transition. Hydrogen Economy discusses the strategies and roadmaps of introducing hydrogen as the alternate source of fuel for sustainable development. The book examines the link between development and energy, prospects of sustainable development, significance of hydrogen energy economy. It provides an authoritative and up-to-date scientific account of hydrogen generation, storage, transportation, and safety. Key Features: · Explains the significance of hydrogen economy · Examines the feasibility of transporting, distributing and utilizing hydrogen · Assesses the safety of using hydrogen and potential hazards Contents: Preface 1. Energy and Development · How Energy is Measured? · Fossil Fuels · Contribution of Non-fossil Energy Sources to Global Primary Energy Mix 2. Significance of Hydrogen Economy · Energy Crisis · Environmental Effects of Using Fossil Fuels · Energy and Environment · Sustainable Development · Transition to the Hydrogen Economy 3. Hydrogen Production 4. Hydrogen Storage · Fundamentals of Hydrogen · Hydrogen Embrittlement · Introduction to Packaging and Storage of Hydrogen · Standardization for Hydrogen Gas Cylinders · ASME Code Symbol Stamp · Hydrogen Liquefaction · Liquid Hydrogen Storage · Hydrogen Storage in Metal Hydrides · Developing Hydrogen Storage Media · On-board Hydrogen Storage · Choice of Storage Method 5. Transportation, Distribution, and Utilization of Hydrogen · Transportation of Hydrogen · Compressed Gas Transport · Transfer of Hydrogen Gas 6. Hydrogen Hazards Assessment and Safety · Terms and Definitions · Hazard Analysis · Choosing a Methodology · Hydrogen Hazards · Mandated Requirements · Hydrogen Safety Appendix 1: Liquid Hydrogen Handlers Qualification Training 2: Scaling Laws, Explosions, Blast Effects, and Fragmentation 3: Hydrogen Sensing and Detection 4: Relief Devices Bibliography Index About the Authors
Author: Walter Peschka
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3709191262
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
to the German Edition This book is based on published material, oral presentations and lecture courses, as well as the author's personal research in the specific field of space technology and in the general areas of energy storage and transfer, and cryogenics. The science and technology of liquid hydrogen-once essential prere quisites for the rapid development of space technology-are now also proving to be more and more important for the energy production of the future. Hydrogen as an energy carrier can generally mediate the existing disparity between nuclear energy and regenerative energy, both of which are indispensable for the future. Hydrogen, as a secondary energy carrier, can be produced from these primary energy sources with minimal environmental impact and without the detrimental, long-term pollution effects of current fossil fuel technology. Hydrogen, therefore, represents the ultimate in energy technology. The initial, large-scale application of hydrogen as a secondary energy was as a high-energy rocket propellant. The procedures for its large scale liquefaction, storage and employment were generally developed in the U.S. Currently in Europe similar activities are being conducted only in France. The effort in West Germany involves testing hydrogen-oxygen and hydrogen-fluorine rocket engines, studying also the physical and technical characteristics of slush hydrogen-mixture of the solid and liquid phase-and is concentrating currently on R&D applications of liquid hydrogen as an alternate fuel. Similar activities are also being conducted in Japan and Canada.
