Investigation of Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Girders PDF Download
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Author: David P. Gustafson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Girders
Languages : en
Pages : 173
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Book Description
Author: David P. Gustafson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Girders
Languages : en
Pages : 173
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Patrick Melvin Bachman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Author: Dhiaa Mustafa T. Al-Tarafany
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Implementation of the spliced girder technology in bridges has been growing in recent years. Increased girder lengths can now be realized by splicing shorter precast segments to produce a long span. The research conducted in this dissertation is focused on an evaluation of spliced girders using a three dimensional finite element analysis. The project consisted of a series of tests that were conducted in two phases. In Phase I, the effect of post-tensioning ducts on the shear behavior and strength of prestressed concrete girders was evaluated. In Phase II, the focus was on the behavior of cast-in-place splice regions between precast segments. Since a limited number of full scale beams could be tested, a three-dimensional advanced finite element program is an effective alternative to expensive tests. The parameters considered were grout to girder concrete strength ratio, splice to girder concrete strength ratio, concrete shear key detailing, coupler diameter, duct to web width ratio, shear span to depth ratio, and concrete shrinkage losses. The findings are described in detail. Using the experimental and analytical results, it was found that the grout to concrete strength ratio for grouted ducts should not to be less than 0.3. The effect of increasing the duct diameter to web width ratio from 0.43 to 0.57 was minimal. Splice to girder concrete strength ratio should be greater than 0.6. The addition of a shear key had no effect on the shear capacity of the girder. The coupler diameter in the splice region had no effect on the behavior of the spliced girder for coupler diameter to web width ratio up to 0.55. Including concrete shrinkage in the analysis slightly improved the correlation with observed response.
Author: Roya Alirezaei Abyaneh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Prestressed concrete girders are commonly fabricated with 0.5-in. (12.7-mm) or 0.6-in. (15.2-mm) diameter prestressing strands. Recent interest in the use of larger (0.7-in. (17.8-mm) diameter) strands has been driven by potential benefits associated with reduction of the required number of strands and fabrication time, or potential increases in the workable range of prestressed concrete girders (i.e., greater capacities and span capabilities). A limited number of experiments on full-scale specimens with 0.7-in. (17.8-mm) diameter strands have shown that the load-carrying capacity and strand transfer length of specimens with 0.7-in. (17.8-mm) diameter strands can be conservatively estimated using existing AASHTO LRFD provisions. However, performance at prestress transfer requires further investigation to ensure that application of the strands with standard 2-in. (50-mm) spacing and conventional concrete release strength does not increase the end-region cracking that is characteristic of prestressed girders. It must be verified that the development of such cracks does not stimulate anchorage-driven or premature shear failures prior to yielding of the shear reinforcement. Previous research lacks in monitoring of reinforcement stresses and evaluation of end-region cracking which has long been a durability concern. A reliable finite element model that captures the behavior of the specimen at prestress transfer with consideration of performance from construction stages, over the course of the service life, and up to the ultimate limit state can provide key insight into the suitability of using of 0.7-in. (17.8-mm) diameter strands. Further, it could serve as an economical tool for the investigation and proposal of efficient end-region reinforcing details to reduce concrete cracking and enhance durability. Finite element analyses of prestressed I-girder end-regions encompassing cracking and long-term creep- and shrinkage-induced damage, especially in girders fabricated with large diameter strands, have been limited. This research program assessed the limitations of 0.7-in. (17.8-mm) diameter strands at prestress transfer up to limit state response and investigated measures for enhancing the serviceability of the girders through finite element analyses using the commercial software, ATENA 3D. The finite element study was complemented with a full-scale experimental program which was used to validate the numerical results. This paper lays out a validated procedure for modeling the construction stages of prestressed girders and load testing. The model was then used as a tool for investigating alternative end-region reinforcement details for improved end-region serviceability. The most promising options are presented for consideration in further experimental studies and future implementation
Author: Aadit Kapadia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Civil engineering
Languages : en
Pages :
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This research deals with six Prestressed girders that were tested to observe the shear behavior and investigate the failure mode. Three of the girders had a top slab of eight inches and were constructed with TXDOT specifications. The other three were constructed without the top slab with AASHTO specification. These were tested for bond slip behavior and with minimum reinforcement. The primary objective was to investigate the type of failure in all the girders. It was found that all of them failed in web shear and none in bond slip. One of the girders also had Fiber Bragg Grating sensors on the inside surface to observe localized bond slip. This was compared to the global slip given by the conventional sensors which led to conclusions about using those sensors instead of the conventional ones for structural health monitoring.
Author: Ekkehard Fehling
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3433030871
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
Selected chapters from the German concrete yearbook are now being published in the new English "Beton-Kalender Series" for the benefit of an international audience. Since it was founded in 1906, the Ernst & Sohn "Beton-Kalender" has been supporting developments in reinforced and prestressed concrete. The aim was to publish a yearbook to reflect progress in "ferro-concrete" structures until - as the book's first editor, Fritz von Emperger (1862-1942), expressed it - the "tempestuous development" in this form of construction came to an end. However, the "Beton-Kalender" quickly became the chosen work of reference for civil and structural engineers, and apart from the years 1945-1950 has been published annually ever since. Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) is a milestone in concrete technology and application. It permits the construction of both more slender and more durable concrete structures with a prolonged service life and thus improved sustainability. This book is a comprehensive overview of UHPC - from the principles behind its production and its mechanical properties to design and detailing aspects. The focus is on the material behaviour of steel fibre-reinforced UHPC. Numerical modelling and detailing of the connections with reinforced concrete elements are featured as well. Numerous examples worldwide - bridges, columns, facades and roofs - are the basis for additional explanations about the benefits of UHPC and how it helps to realise several architectural requirements. The authors are extensively involved in the testing, design, construction and monitoring of UHPC structures. What they provide here is therefore a unique synopsis of the state of the art with a view to practical applications.
Author: Cameron David Murray
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Author: Benjamin Z. Dymond
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 595
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Book Description
As shear requirements for prestressed concrete girders have changed, some structures designed using older specifications do not rate well with current methods. However, signs of shear distress have not been observed in these bridge girders and they are often deemed to be in good condition. The primary objective of this research program was to investigate the accuracy of existing shear distribution factors, which are used to estimate bridge system live load effects on individual girders, and provide recommendations on shear distribution to be used in Minnesota with four components: a full-scale laboratory bridge subjected to elastic and inelastic behavior, field testing of bridges, a numerical parametric study, and integration of results to develop a screening tool to determine which structures benefitted from refined analysis. Laboratory bridge inelastic testing indicated shear force redistribution after cracking and before ultimate failure. Use of elastic distribution factors is conservative for shear distribution at ultimate capacity. Elastic laboratory testing was used to validate the finite element modeling technique and study the behavior of a barrier and end diaphragm, which affected shear distribution; ignoring their effects was conservative. Parametric study results indicated that a ratio of longitudinal stiffness to transverse stiffness could be used as a screening tool. If the stiffness ratio was less than 1.5, shear demand from a simple, conservative grillage analysis may be more accurate than shear demand from AASHTO distribution factor methods. Grillage analysis shear demand results due to permit trucks may also be more accurate, regardless of the screening tool ratio.
Author: David Paul Gustafson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Girders
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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