Investigation of Panel-to-Panel Connections and Block-outs for Full-Depth Precast Concrete Bridge Decks

Investigation of Panel-to-Panel Connections and Block-outs for Full-Depth Precast Concrete Bridge Decks PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 68

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Book Description
Experimental tests were performed at Virginia Tech to investigate transverse panel-to-panel connections and horizontal shear connector block-outs for full-depth precast concrete bridge deck panels. The connections were designed for a deck replacement project for a rural three-span continuous steel beam bridge in Virginia. Two reinforced and four post-tensioned connections were designed and tested in cyclical loading. Each connection was tested on a full-scale, two-beam setup in negative bending with a simulated HS-20 vehicle. The block-outs for the horizontal shear connections were also scrutinized during construction and testing. Several surface treatments were investigated to determine the best strategy to limit cracking and leakage at the grout-concrete interface. The strain profile, cracking patterns, and ponding results are presented for all specimens. The reinforced connections and two post-tensioned connections with 167 psi initial stress experienced cracking and leaked water by the end of the cyclic loading regime. In two connections post-tensioned with an initial compressive stress of 340 psi, the tensile stress in the deck under full live load remained below approximately 3√(f'c). These transverse connections did not leak water, did not have full-depth cracking, and maintained a nearly linear strain distribution throughout the design life. Full-depth deck panels may be effectively used on continuous bridges if post-tensioning force is applied to the transverse connections to keep the total tensile stress (remaining prestress minus live load stress) below 3√(f'c) . The block-outs with a sand-blasted surface or an epoxy primer combined with a grout that met the requirements recommended by Scholz et al. (2007) had only slight water leakage, and had smaller cracks at the grout-concrete interface than the control samples. These surface treatments are recommended for best long-term performance.

Investigation of Panel-to-Panel Connections and Block-outs for Full-Depth Precast Concrete Bridge Decks

Investigation of Panel-to-Panel Connections and Block-outs for Full-Depth Precast Concrete Bridge Decks PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 68

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Book Description
Experimental tests were performed at Virginia Tech to investigate transverse panel-to-panel connections and horizontal shear connector block-outs for full-depth precast concrete bridge deck panels. The connections were designed for a deck replacement project for a rural three-span continuous steel beam bridge in Virginia. Two reinforced and four post-tensioned connections were designed and tested in cyclical loading. Each connection was tested on a full-scale, two-beam setup in negative bending with a simulated HS-20 vehicle. The block-outs for the horizontal shear connections were also scrutinized during construction and testing. Several surface treatments were investigated to determine the best strategy to limit cracking and leakage at the grout-concrete interface. The strain profile, cracking patterns, and ponding results are presented for all specimens. The reinforced connections and two post-tensioned connections with 167 psi initial stress experienced cracking and leaked water by the end of the cyclic loading regime. In two connections post-tensioned with an initial compressive stress of 340 psi, the tensile stress in the deck under full live load remained below approximately 3√(f'c). These transverse connections did not leak water, did not have full-depth cracking, and maintained a nearly linear strain distribution throughout the design life. Full-depth deck panels may be effectively used on continuous bridges if post-tensioning force is applied to the transverse connections to keep the total tensile stress (remaining prestress minus live load stress) below 3√(f'c) . The block-outs with a sand-blasted surface or an epoxy primer combined with a grout that met the requirements recommended by Scholz et al. (2007) had only slight water leakage, and had smaller cracks at the grout-concrete interface than the control samples. These surface treatments are recommended for best long-term performance.

Experimental Evaluation of Full Depth Precast/prestressed Concrete Bridge Deck Panels

Experimental Evaluation of Full Depth Precast/prestressed Concrete Bridge Deck Panels PDF Author: Mohsen A. Issa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 278

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Book Description
A literature review concerning the objectives of the project was completed. A significant number of published papers, reports, etc., were examined to determine the effectiveness of full depth precast panels for bridge deck replacement. A detailed description of the experimental methodology was developed which includes design and fabrication of the panels and assembly of the bridge. The design and construction process was carried out in cooperation with the project Technical Review Panel. The major components of the bridge deck system were investigated. This includes the transverse joints and the different materials within the joint as well as composite action. The materials investigated within the joint were polymer concrete, non-shrink grout, and set-45 for the transverse joint. The transverse joints were subjected to direct shear tests, direct tension tests, and flexure tests. These tests exhibited the excellent behavior of the system in terms of strength and failure modes. Shear key tests were also conducted. The shear connection study focused on investigating the composite behavior of the system based on varying the number of shear studs within a respective pocket as well as varying the number of pockets within a respective panel. The results indicated that this shear connection is extremely efficient in rendering the system under full composite action. Finite element analysis was conducted to determine the behavior of the shear connection prior to initiation of the actual full scale tests. In addition, finite element analysis was also performed with respect to the transverse joint tests in an effort to determine the behavior of the joints prior to actual testing. The most significant phase of the project was testing a full-scale model. The bridge was assembled in accordance with the procedures developed as part of the study on full-depth precast panels and the results obtained through this research. The system proved its effectiveness in withstanding the applied loading that exceeded eight times the truck loading in addition to the maximum negative and positive moment application. Only hairline cracking was observed in the deck at the maximum applied load. Of most significance was the fact that full composite action was achieved between the precast panels and the steel supporting system, and the exceptional performance of the transverse joint between adjacent panels.

Full-depth Precast Concrete Bridge Deck Panel Systems

Full-depth Precast Concrete Bridge Deck Panel Systems PDF Author: Sameh S. Badie
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 0309099145
Category : Bridges, Concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 119

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Experimental and Analytical Study of Full-depth Precast/prestressed Concrete Deck Panels for Highway Bridges

Experimental and Analytical Study of Full-depth Precast/prestressed Concrete Deck Panels for Highway Bridges PDF Author: Scott M. Markowski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 584

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Recommendations for the Connection Between Full-depth Precast Bridge Deck Panel Systems and Precast I-beams

Recommendations for the Connection Between Full-depth Precast Bridge Deck Panel Systems and Precast I-beams PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 75

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Book Description
Precast bridge deck panels can be used in place of a cast-in-place concrete deck to reduce bridge closure times for deck replacements or new bridge construction. The panels are prefabricated at a precasting plant providing optimal casting and curing conditions, which should result in highly durable decks. Precast panels can be either full-depth or partial-depth. Partial-depth panels act as a stay-in-place form for a cast-in-place concrete topping. This study investigated only the behavior of full-depth precast panels. The research described in this report had two primary objectives. The first was to develop a performance specification for the grout that fills the haunch between the top of the beam and the bottom of the deck panel, as well as the horizontal shear connector pockets and the panel-to-panel joints. Tests were performed using standard or modified ASTM tests to determine basic material properties on eight types of grout. The grouts were also used in tests that approximated the conditions in a deck panel system. Based on these tests, requirements for shrinkage, compressive strength, and flow were established for the grouts. It was more difficult to establish a test method and an acceptable performance level for adhesion, an important property for the strength and durability of the deck panel system. The second objective was to quantify the horizontal shear strength of the connection between the deck panel and the beam prestressed concrete beams. This portion of the research also investigated innovative methods of creating the connection. Push-off tests were conducted using several types of grout and a variety of connections. These tests were used to develop equations for the horizontal shear strength of the details. Two promising alternate connections, the hidden pocket detail and the shear stud detail, were tested for constructibility and strength. The final outcome of this study a set of recommendations for the design, detailing, and construction of the connection between full-depth precast deck panels and prestressed concrete I-beams. If designed and constructed properly, the deck panel system is an excellent option when rapid bridge deck construction or replacement is required.

PCI Journal

PCI Journal PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Precast concrete
Languages : en
Pages :

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NU-DECK Precast Deck Panels & Innovative Bridge Research and Construction

NU-DECK Precast Deck Panels & Innovative Bridge Research and Construction PDF Author: Maher K. Tadros
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 148

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Rapid Replacement of Bridge Decks

Rapid Replacement of Bridge Decks PDF Author: Maher K. Tadros
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 9780309062602
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 64

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Experimental Evaluation of Partial Depth Precast Concrete Deck Panels Subjected to Shear Loading

Experimental Evaluation of Partial Depth Precast Concrete Deck Panels Subjected to Shear Loading PDF Author: John Robert Kintz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 252

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Book Description
Horizontally curved girder bridges are often utilized for highway interchanges and other projects with restricted right-of-way. The large torsional demands caused by the girder geometry often require these systems to have extensive bracing, typically in the form of cross frames or diaphragms, to increase the torsional stiffness of the girder system during the construction phase. The most critical stage for the bracing is during the deck placement, when the noncomposite girders must resist the full construction load. Partial depth precast concrete panels (PCPs) are prestressed concrete panels used primarily as stay-in-place (SIP) formwork for straight girder systems. They are placed on full-length extruded bedding strips epoxied to the girder top flange, and the remaining depth of the deck is cast above. This is a time-efficient method of construction, and has become an attractive option due to ease of constructability and deck longevity. Although the panels have not been used on horizontally curved girder systems, there is a desire by bridge owners and contractors to use the forms in some curved girder applications. In addition to using the panels on curved girder applications, engaging the in-plane shear stiffness of the panels may lead to significant bracing in both straight and horizontally curved girder applications. A research investigation focused on measuring the behavior of PCPs acting as a shear diaphragm, as well as to develop an adequate connection between the PCPs and the girders was conducted at The University of Texas at Austin. Four PCP connection details were developed and tested at two different bedding strip heights. These connections were designed for a range of capacities, and in-plane shear load was applied until failure using a frame mechanism assembly. The experimental results showed that the connected PCPs had significant shear stiffness and strength, with the panels reaching shear capacities between 91 and 154 kips before failure depending on the connection detail that was utilized. A 46 to 70 percent increase in shear stiffness was also observed when the bedding strip height was reduced from 4 inches to 1⁄2 inch. All panels greatly exceeded the design capacity using the ACI design predictions, with 7 of 8 panels eventually failing due to concrete side face breakout. The eighth PCP failed from weld rupture in which the weld connecting the WT and the girder flange began to unzip.

Report

Report PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Highway research
Languages : en
Pages : 642

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Book Description