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Author: Li-Ming Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
We consider a finite-horizon, periodic-review system for a perishable product at a retailer that faces stochastic, age-dependent demand and loses excess demand, if any. For this system, we build three models that capture two sources of unfilled demand, insufficient inventory and inappropriate age, and penalize them at different rates. The models are characterized by increasing replenishment flexibility, and the goal of each model is to identify when to place an order and the quantity whenever an order is placed. In the first model, reorder intervals are equal. In the second model, reorder intervals can vary across orders. In the third model, reorder intervals continue to remain flexible but the retailer can also partially salvage her inventory whenever she has excess inventory. Using the models, we explore the effect of lost-sales penalties on the structure of the optimal value function. We find that the inventory-related cost in a period may lack convexity if the ratio of penalties for stockout and high age is below a threshold, which percolates to the value function as well. We also identify properties of the optimal replenishment policy for the three models. Finally, we conduct numerical experiments to identify the marginal value added by the flexibility in reorder intervals and the option to partially salvage inventory as a function of model parameters.
Author: Li-Ming Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
We consider a finite-horizon, periodic-review system for a perishable product at a retailer that faces stochastic, age-dependent demand and loses excess demand, if any. For this system, we build three models that capture two sources of unfilled demand, insufficient inventory and inappropriate age, and penalize them at different rates. The models are characterized by increasing replenishment flexibility, and the goal of each model is to identify when to place an order and the quantity whenever an order is placed. In the first model, reorder intervals are equal. In the second model, reorder intervals can vary across orders. In the third model, reorder intervals continue to remain flexible but the retailer can also partially salvage her inventory whenever she has excess inventory. Using the models, we explore the effect of lost-sales penalties on the structure of the optimal value function. We find that the inventory-related cost in a period may lack convexity if the ratio of penalties for stockout and high age is below a threshold, which percolates to the value function as well. We also identify properties of the optimal replenishment policy for the three models. Finally, we conduct numerical experiments to identify the marginal value added by the flexibility in reorder intervals and the option to partially salvage inventory as a function of model parameters.
Author: Hsiang-Chun Yen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Blood banks
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
Author: Steven Nahmias
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441979999
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Book Description
A perishable item is one that has constant utility up until an expiration date (which may be known or uncertain), at which point the utility drops to zero. This includes many types of packaged foods such as milk, cheese, processed meats, and canned goods. It also includes virtually all pharmaceuticals and photographic film, as well as whole blood supplies. This book is the first devoted solely to perishable inventory systems. The book’s ten chapters first cover the preliminaries of periodic review versus continuous review and look at a one-period newsvendor perishable inventory model. The author moves to the basic multiperiod dynamic model, and then considers the extensions of random lifetime, inclusion of a set-up cost, and multiproduct models of perishables. A chapter on continuous review models looks at one-for-one policies, models with zero lead time, optimal policies with positive lead time, and an alternative approach. Additional chapters present material on approximate order policies, inventory depletion management, and deterministic models, including the basic EOQ model with perishability and the dynamic deterministic model with perishability. Finally, chapters explore decaying inventories, queues with impatient customers, and blood bank inventory control. Anyone researching perishable inventory systems will find much to work with here. Practitioners and consultants will also now have a single well-referenced source of up-to-date information to work with.
Author: Venkata Sree Raghuram Madduri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 147
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Book Description
The retail food industry has sales of over a trillion dollars. Most of these products are perishable in nature. This thesis deals with the development of multi period ordering policies for the perishable products with fixed shelf lives and finite replenishment lead times. In this thesis, simple ordering policies are developed by modifying the traditional EOQ model and base stock policies. The performance of both, the continuous review and periodic review policies, when applied to the perishable products with a fixed shelf life, is evaluated. Two categories of products--one with short shelf lives and another with long shelf lives are considered. Within each category, the shelf life, lead time, order quantity and review periods are varied. For a given shelf life and lead time, the best review periods and order quantities are identified. Both the continuous review and periodic review policies are evaluated using simulation models under three different distributions of demand, using cost and service levels as performance metrics. From the results of the simulations, the impact of product perishability on the EOQ ordering policies is studied. In the periodic review policy, it was found that the traditional EOQ base stock policy is optimal for the perishable products in almost all cases. For the continuous review policy, while perishability was not a factor, an increment of the computed EOQ value was found to be optimal due to lead time consideration. In general, with the proper choice of review periods and order quantities, the EOQ policies that are optimal for the non perishable products can also be used for the perishable products. Comparisons are also done between the relative performances of the periodic and continuous review policies. Overall, the continuous review policy gave a lower cost of operation for similar customer responsiveness measures.
Author: Sun Hwa Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Inventories
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
Author: Nita H. Shah
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 981162156X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
This book presents a collection of mathematical models that deals with the real scenario in the industries. The primary objective of this book is to explore various effective methods for inventory control and management using soft computing techniques. Inventory control and management is a very tedious task faced by all the organizations in any sector of the economy. It makes decisions for policies, activities, and procedures in order to make sure that the right amount of each item is held in stock at any time. Many industries suffer from indiscipline while ordering and production mismatch. It is essential to provide best ordering policy to control such kind of mismatch in the industries. All the mathematical model solutions are provided with the help of various soft computing optimization techniques to determine optimal ordering policy. This book is beneficial for practitioners, educators, and researchers. It is also helpful for retailers/managers for improving business functions and making more accurate and realistic decisions.
Author: Rigzin Lhamo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
Author: Ke Fu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Motivated by emerging practice in the cut flower industry, we consider a periodic-review inventory system for a perishable product with a lifetime of two periods. There are two separate customer demands for the new product with two-period remaining lifetime and the old product with one-period remaining lifetime, and a fixed proportion of the unsatisfied demand for one product will purchase the other product as a substitute. One distinctive feature of our system is that a random portion of the sold new product is returned and can be remanufactured and re-marketed as the old product for sale. The objective is to maximize the expected total discounted profit over a finite planning horizon. We show that the optimal remanufacturing policy is a modified base-stock policy, and that the optimal manufacturing quantity of the new product decreases in the inventory level of the old product after remanufacturing. Furthermore, when the inventory level of the old product is large, the optimal manufacturing quantity asymptotically approaches a constant, which is lower and upper bounded by two newsvendor fractile solutions. We also conduct a numerical study to derive insights into the effects of remanufacturing and demand substitution. In particular, we show that remanufacturing can be a powerful way of mitigating negative environmental impacts in the cut flower industry. Finally, we discuss two model extensions that allow a joint production capacity and a multi-period lifetime.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789462578500
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
Author: Khosrow-Pour, D.B.A., Mehdi
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1522573631
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 1482
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Book Description
Businesses consistently work on new projects, products, and workflows to remain competitive and successful in the modern business environment. To remain zealous, businesses must employ the most effective methods and tools in human resources, project management, and overall business plan execution as competitors work to succeed as well. Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Business Operations and Management provides emerging research on business tools such as employee engagement, payout policies, and financial investing to promote operational success. While highlighting the challenges facing modern organizations, readers will learn how corporate social responsibility and utilizing artificial intelligence improve a company’s culture and management. This book is an ideal resource for executives and managers, researchers, accountants, and financial investors seeking current research on business operations and management.
