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Author: Johannes-Cornelius Adari
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3832481923
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: This case study deals with an important financial aspect of multinational companies, i.e. their obligation of accounting. Until the year 2000, BMW used to prepare its annual external audits under German Commercial Code Standards (HGB). This tradition ended in 2000, when BMW accounted under International Accounting Standards (IAS) for the first time. 7 years before, Mercedes-Benz was the first German automotive manufacturer adopting international Standards in 1993. But in Mercedes case US-Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US-GAAP) were chosen, because the objective was to become listed at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). At this time US-GAAP were not accepted outside the North American Free Trade Association (NAFTA), esp. not by the EU Commission, but the US-Principles were applied in the largest and most important stock market worldwide. On the other hand, US organizations like the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) did not accept any other accounting standards in these days. Accordingly, Mercedes-Benz had to prepare two annual audits: one under US-GAAP and the other under HGB. This treatment, obviously, was highly inefficient, providing lots of encumbrances to US-capital-seeking European companies: accounting and auditing took too much time, personnel resources and money. Another negative effect was that many US companies hesitated with urgently required investments in Europe. But nevertheless, multinational groups seemed to have several advantages by using international accounting standards, even if they had to prepare more than one audit annually. Within the 1st part, this case study provides basic information dealing with accounting standards, in particular reasons and objectives, organizational patterns and the process of IAS becoming international accepted by pointing out their most important differences compared to US-GAAP and German HGB Standards. The 2nd part deals with the reasons of changing BMW s accounting standards by looking at the Group s key markets and the impact of IAS-adoption by examining their figures of non current assets, inventories, other current assets, liabilities & deferred incomes, provisions, equity as well as research & development within a four years comparison. At last the 3rd part gives an examination and summary of the results of IAS-reception for BMW, the effects on the stock market, changes of rating on the global market and gives hints to future [...]
Author: Johannes-Cornelius Adari
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3832481923
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 72
Get Book Here
Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: This case study deals with an important financial aspect of multinational companies, i.e. their obligation of accounting. Until the year 2000, BMW used to prepare its annual external audits under German Commercial Code Standards (HGB). This tradition ended in 2000, when BMW accounted under International Accounting Standards (IAS) for the first time. 7 years before, Mercedes-Benz was the first German automotive manufacturer adopting international Standards in 1993. But in Mercedes case US-Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US-GAAP) were chosen, because the objective was to become listed at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). At this time US-GAAP were not accepted outside the North American Free Trade Association (NAFTA), esp. not by the EU Commission, but the US-Principles were applied in the largest and most important stock market worldwide. On the other hand, US organizations like the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) did not accept any other accounting standards in these days. Accordingly, Mercedes-Benz had to prepare two annual audits: one under US-GAAP and the other under HGB. This treatment, obviously, was highly inefficient, providing lots of encumbrances to US-capital-seeking European companies: accounting and auditing took too much time, personnel resources and money. Another negative effect was that many US companies hesitated with urgently required investments in Europe. But nevertheless, multinational groups seemed to have several advantages by using international accounting standards, even if they had to prepare more than one audit annually. Within the 1st part, this case study provides basic information dealing with accounting standards, in particular reasons and objectives, organizational patterns and the process of IAS becoming international accepted by pointing out their most important differences compared to US-GAAP and German HGB Standards. The 2nd part deals with the reasons of changing BMW s accounting standards by looking at the Group s key markets and the impact of IAS-adoption by examining their figures of non current assets, inventories, other current assets, liabilities & deferred incomes, provisions, equity as well as research & development within a four years comparison. At last the 3rd part gives an examination and summary of the results of IAS-reception for BMW, the effects on the stock market, changes of rating on the global market and gives hints to future [...]
Author: Johannes-Cornelius Adari
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3832481931
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: The word marketing is always appearing in most articles and books dealing with selling, the word has been watered down and in many cases lost its true value and sense. Most people mistakenly identify marketing with selling and promotion - but selling is only the tip of the marketing iceberg. It is simply one of several marketing functions, and often not the most important one. If the marketer does a good job of identifying consumer needs, developing appropriate products, and pricing, distributing, and promoting them effectively, these goods will sell very easily. Companies have to search for buyers, identify their needs, design appropriate products, promote them, store and transport them, negotiate, and so on. Such activities as product development, search, communication, distribution, pricing, and service constitute core marketing activities. We have defined the core marketing activities; supporting the sales force in their pursuit of revenues and profit. The marketing department have to focus multiple tasks ranging from product development to pricing. Often the marketing department is so intertwined in the sales processes that the marketing and sales division is one division, in order to maintain the direction required in order to achieve the objectives set up by the management. In the first part of this case we will look at the general term; strategic marketing and set up fictitious examples of how a company in the automotive industry would deal with strategic marketing and look at the tools available to the marketing department and how they are implemented. Being a multinational company like BMW you need a strategy for virtually prior to make a decision and this applies to marketing as well. The company has the past two decades developed from an international company to a global player, where the set of standards are different and the requirement for setting up a marketing strategy has changed. We have decided in this case to analyze the decisions behind launching certain products; such as the roadster; the Z Series and the X Series, which meant that BMW for the first time in its history ventured into new segments normally being dominated by other manufactures. The decision to leave the traditional segment where BMW had for years been successful and diversify the product line will be analysed and in the introduction we will try to cast a light on the tools and means behind such decisions. In the middle of the [...]
Author: Abbas A. Mirza
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118045211
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 718
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Book Description
Wiley IFRS: Practical Implementation Guide and Workbook, Second Edition is a quick reference guide on IFRS/IAS that includes easy-to-understand IFRS/IAS standards outlines, practical insights, case studies with solutions, illustrations and multiple-choice questions with solutions. The book greatly facilitates your understanding of the practical implementation issues involved in applying these complex "principles-based" standards. PS-Line
Author: Barry Elliott
Publisher: Financial Times/Prentice Hall
ISBN: 9780273744443
Category : Accounting
Languages : en
Pages : 897
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Book Description
Financial Accounting and Reporting is the most up to date text on the market. Now fully updated in its fourteenth edition, it includes extensive coverage of International Accounting Standards (IAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This market-leading text offers students a clear, well-structured and comprehensive treatment of the subject. Supported by illustrations and exercises, the book provides a strong balance of theoretical and conceptual coverage. Students using this book will gain the knowledge and skills to help them apply current standards, and critically appraise the underlying concepts and financial reporting methods.
Author: Jan Pieter Krahmen (editor)
Publisher:
ISBN: 0199253161
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 550
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Book Description
Written by a team of scholars, predominantly from the Centre for Financial Studies in Frankfurt, this volume provides a descriptive survey of the present state of the German financial system and a new analytical framework to explain its workings.
Author: Abbas A. Mirza
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470647914
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 615
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Book Description
A one-stop resource for understanding and applying current International Financial Reporting Standards As the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) makes rapid progress towards widespread acceptance and use of IFRS® (formerly named International Accounting Standards) worldwide, the need to understand these new standards increases. Now fully revised and updated, IFRS® Practical Implementation Guide and Workbook, Third Edition is the straightforward handbook for understanding and adapting the IFRS® standards. This quick reference guide includes easy-to-understand IAS/IFRS®outlines, explanations, and practical insights that greatly facilitate understanding of the practical implementation issues involved in applying these complex standards. Clearly explaining the IASB standards so that even first-time adopters of IFRS® will understand the complicated requirements, the Third Edition presents: Ten recently issued and revised IFRS® standards including business combinations, financial instruments and newly issued IFRS® for SMEs New International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) projects Multiple-choice questions with solutions and explanations to ensure thorough understanding of the complex IFRS®/IAS standards Case studies or "problems" with solutions illustrating the practical application of IFRS®/IAS Excerpts from published financial statements around the world Designed with the needs of the user in mind, IFRS® Practical Implementation Guide and Workbook, Third Edition is an essential desktop reference for accountants and finance professionals, as well as a thorough review guide for the IFRS®/IAS certification exam.
Author: Lee H. Radebaugh
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471652695
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
Make informed decisions in today's dynamic international business environments International accounting has never been so exciting. Not only is the pace of international business, finance, and investment rapidly increasing, but we are also moving closer than ever before toward a convergence of accounting standards worldwide. Updated and revised to keep pace with these changes, this Sixth Edition of Radebaugh, Gray, and Black's International Accounting and Multinational Enterprises focuses on international business strategies and how accounting applies to these strategies. You'll learn how to use financial and accounting information across borders, and make more informed decisions in an increasingly complex international business environment. The authors also explain the key factors, including cultural differences, that influence accounting standards and practices in different countries, and how those factors impact the harmonization of standards worldwide. New to This Edition: * New coauthor, Ervin L. Black of Brigham Young University. * Updated coverage on corporate governance, Sarbanes-Oxley, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), and how these forces affect U.S.-based multinationals, as well as companies in other countries. * Increased coverage of the efforts of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to establish a uniform set of International Financial Reporting Standards (IRFS) worldwide and its interface with different national standard setters, especially the FASB. Special attention is given to the experience of the European Union and Australia in adopting IFRS in 2005. * A web-based International Accounting Practice Problem, which helps students see how to apply IFRS to a set of transactions. * Brief, user-oriented examples called Strategic Decision Points at the beginning of each chapter. * Expanded end-of-chapter material, including more discussion questions and exercises. * New cases (two per chapter) on the web. * Accounting for foreign exchange is now covered in two chapters. One chapter focuses on accounting issues, and the other chapter, which is new, focuses on foreign exchange risk management.
Author: The Economist
Publisher: The Economist
ISBN: 1610394798
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
In today's volatile, complex and fast-moving business world, it can be difficult to gauge how sound a company really is. An apparently strong balance sheet and impressive reported profits may be hiding all sorts of problems that could even spell bankruptcy. So how do you: Know whether a company is well run and doing well? Decide which ratios and benchmarks to use to assess performance? Work out if a company has massaged its results? Recognise the danger signs on the corporate horizon? Compare companies operating in different sectors or countries? These and many other important questions are answered in a completely updated and revised sixth edition of this clear and comprehensive guide. It is aimed at anyone who wants to understand a company's annual report, judge a customer's creditworthiness, assess a company's investment potential, and much more.
Author: Jacob Rymill
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781536151169
Category : BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
In this compilation, critical aspects of the internal audit function are contrasted in order to provide an insight into the value of internal auditing and, within that, to submit arguments for the implementation and maintenance of an internal audit function.The authors examine how to optimize the allocation of audit resources over an auditee population with respect to available population statistics. The included survey mainly deals with audit situations where the auditee is assumed to behave rationally and optimize its expected utility based on information regarding the audit strategy.According to the International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing, internal auditors must always maintain an objective and independent working attitude to perform effectively. However, data indicate that this requirement might often become challenged due to bias-prone situations, eventually leading to false conclusions or even wrong decisions by auditors and management. As such, the authors address selected cognitive biases for internal auditors and potential behavior patterns tempering the effects of these biases.In common energy audition methods, the efficiency of waste-to-energy power plants is evaluated directly. This method is highly sensitive to the measurement errors of waste mass flow which is difficult determine precisely. Further-more, the direct method does not clarify the sources of energy loss. Using the indirect method which is proposed in this chapter book, the power plant is split into three sub-systems. The overall efficiency is determined by analyzing the multiplication of thesesub-systems efficiency and the internal energy usage.This final chapter uses case examples to showcase how auditing is a suitable method for clarifying the level of comprehensive, risk-based safety and security management of organizations operating in business and the public sector. The authors encourage organizations to develop their safety and security management system using a risk-based approach.
Author: Andreas Cahn
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107186358
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1095
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Book Description
Presents in-depth, comparative analyses of German, UK and US company laws illustrated by leading cases, with German cases in English translation.
