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Author: Mežduvedomstvennyj geofizičeskij Komitet pri Prezidiume AN SSSR.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 143
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Author: I.N. Toptygin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400952570
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
Fast particles of natural or1g1n (cosmic rays) have been used for a long time as an important source of astrophysical and geophysical information. A study of cosmic ray spectra, time variations, abundances, gradients, and anisotropy provides a wealth of data on physical conditions in the regions of cosmic ray generation as well as in the media through which cosmic rays propagate. Astrophysical aspects of cosmic ray physics have been considered in a number of monograpqs. The most detailed seems to be "The Origin of Cosmic Rays" by V. L. Ginzburg and S. 1. Syrovatskij (1964) which is, however, concerned mainly with galactic cosmic rays. The physics of the circumsolar space is discussed in this book only rather briefly. Several other monographs have been devoted mostly to the physics of the interplanetary medium and cosmic rays in interplanetary space. These include the books by Dorman (1963, 1975a, b), Parker (1963), Dorman and Miroshnichenko (1968). The present monograph differs from the above mentioned books in two main aspects: (i) It presents a unified theoretical approach to analys{ng the properties of fast particles in interplanetary space, based upon consideration of cosmic rays as a highly energetic component of the interplane~ary plasma, which makes use of the plasma physics methods to describe the behaviour of cosmic rays.
Author: World Data Centre
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 29
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Author: I.N. Toptygin
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
Fast particles of natural or1g1n (cosmic rays) have been used for a long time as an important source of astrophysical and geophysical information. A study of cosmic ray spectra, time variations, abundances, gradients, and anisotropy provides a wealth of data on physical conditions in the regions of cosmic ray generation as well as in the media through which cosmic rays propagate. Astrophysical aspects of cosmic ray physics have been considered in a number of monograpqs. The most detailed seems to be "The Origin of Cosmic Rays" by V. L. Ginzburg and S. 1. Syrovatskij (1964) which is, however, concerned mainly with galactic cosmic rays. The physics of the circumsolar space is discussed in this book only rather briefly. Several other monographs have been devoted mostly to the physics of the interplanetary medium and cosmic rays in interplanetary space. These include the books by Dorman (1963, 1975a, b), Parker (1963), Dorman and Miroshnichenko (1968). The present monograph differs from the above mentioned books in two main aspects: (i) It presents a unified theoretical approach to analys{ng the properties of fast particles in interplanetary space, based upon consideration of cosmic rays as a highly energetic component of the interplane~ary plasma, which makes use of the plasma physics methods to describe the behaviour of cosmic rays.
Author: James Alfred Van Allen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cosmic ray variations
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Using a number of Geiger-Mueller tubes in the University of Iowa instruments on Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11, we have measured the interplanetary intensity of cosmic rays E sub P> 80 meV) over a complete solar activity cycle and out to a helicocentric distance of over 32 AU. Free space values of the background corrections due to the radioisotope thermal generators were determined during passage of Pioneer 11 under the dense rings of Saturn during the 1 September 1979 encounter. These improved corrections and ones inferred therefrom for Pioneer 10 have supplanted earlier estimates and have been applied to all data.
Author: Rajesh Kumar Mishra
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783964879660
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Scientific Study from the year 2024 in the subject Physics - Astronomy, language: English, abstract: An investigation has been made to study the cosmic-ray decreases occurring during 2006 with respect to the arrival times of interplanetary shocks and magnetic clouds. We have identified three interplanetary magnetic cloud events during 5 February 2006, 13 April 2006 and 14 April 2006. The interplanetary magnetic field (B), north-south component of interplanetary magnetic field (Bz), solar wind velocity, sunspot number (R) and disturbance storm time index (Dst) associated with these events has been studied in the present work. Data (neutron monitor count rate) from Newark Neutron Monitor 9NM64 has been used. The north-south component of IMF (Bz) produce large geomagnetic disturbance on the onset of interplanetary magnetic clouds. The deviations in the interplanetary and solar wind plasma parameters are significantly correlated to the magnetic cloud events. The increase in Dst index, sunspot number (R) and Bz after the magnetic cloud event produces increase in cosmic ray intensity.
Author: United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Author: J.W. Bieber
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401711879
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 405
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Book Description
The year 1998 marked the 50th anniversary of the invention of the neutron monitor, a key research tool in the field of space physics and solar-terrestrial relations. In honor of this occasion a workshop entitled 'Cosmic Rays and Earth' was organized to review the detection of cosmic rays at the surface and in the lower atmosphere of Earth, including the effect that this radiation has on the terrestrial environment. A special focus was the role of neutron monitors in the investigation of this radiation, on the science enabled by the unique dataset of the worldwide network of neutron monitors, and on continuing opportunities to use these data to solve outstanding problems. This book is the principal product of that workshop, integrating the contribu tions of all participants. Following a general summary of the workshop prepared by the editors, the volume leads off with a keynote article by Professor John Simpson describing his invention of the neutron monitor in 1948 and the early scientific discoveries made with this instrument.
Author: L.I. Miroshnichenko
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401703019
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
The mono graph contains 8 chapters, and their contents cover all principal aspects of the problem: 1. Introduction and brief his tory ofthe radiation problem and background information ofradiation hazard in the near-Earth and interplanetary space. 2. General description of radiation conditions and main sources of charged partic1es in the Earth's environment and interplanetary space, effects of space environment on spacecraft. 3. Basic information about physical conditions in space and main sources of charged particles in the Earth's environment and interplanetary space, in the context of "Space W eather" monitoring and prediction. 4. Trapped radiation belts of the Earth (ERB): theory of their origin, spatial and temporal dynamics, and experimental and statistical models. 5. Galactic cosmic rays (GCR): variations of energetic, temporal and spatial characteristics, long-term modulation, and anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) component, modeling oftheir dynamics. 6. Production of energetic particles (SEPs) at/ne ar the Sun: available databases, acceleration, propagation, and prediction of individual SEP event, statistical models of solar cosmic rays (SCR). 7. Existing empirical techniques of estimating, prediction and modeling of radiation hazard, methodical approaches and constraints, some questions of changes in the Earth's radiation environment due to changes of the solar activity level. 8. Unresolved problems of radiation hazard prediction and spacecraft protection, radiation experiments on board the spacecraft, estimating of radiation conditions during interplanetary missions. Space does not allow us to explain every time the solar-terrestrial and radiation physics nomencIature used in current English-language literature.
Author: N. G. Basov
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Author: L. I. Dorman
Publisher: North Holland
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 702
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