Internal Migration and the Spread of HIV/AIDS in South Africa PDF Download
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Author: Oumar Bouare
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
The migratory labor system in South Africa draws large numbers of men away from rural areas and often places them in single sex hostels, prompting contacts with sex workers and the HIV infection of their partners. As inadequate information exists on HIV/AIDS and internal migration's relationship, this study examines the quantitative impact of migrants' risky sexual behavior on HIV/AIDS prevalence of provinces.We found that an increase in the magnitude of risky sexual behavior of in-migrants, poor immigrants and out-migrants results in an increase in HIV/AIDS prevalence, while that of non-poor in- migrants results in its decrease. We also found that the distances between the provinces of origin and destination matter in the spread of HIV/AIDS. The estimates indicate that HIV/AIDS prevalence in a province increases more with the increase in out- migration than that in immigration or is more responsive to the former than to the latter. Therefore, we suggest some policy interventions to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS related to South African internal migration.
Author: Oumar Bouare
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
The migratory labor system in South Africa draws large numbers of men away from rural areas and often places them in single sex hostels, prompting contacts with sex workers and the HIV infection of their partners. As inadequate information exists on HIV/AIDS and internal migration's relationship, this study examines the quantitative impact of migrants' risky sexual behavior on HIV/AIDS prevalence of provinces.We found that an increase in the magnitude of risky sexual behavior of in-migrants, poor immigrants and out-migrants results in an increase in HIV/AIDS prevalence, while that of non-poor in- migrants results in its decrease. We also found that the distances between the provinces of origin and destination matter in the spread of HIV/AIDS. The estimates indicate that HIV/AIDS prevalence in a province increases more with the increase in out- migration than that in immigration or is more responsive to the former than to the latter. Therefore, we suggest some policy interventions to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS related to South African internal migration.
Author: Mark N. Lurie
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Author: Brian Williams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
Author: Jonathan Crush
Publisher: African Books Collective
ISBN: 192040936X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
Since the collapse of apartheid, there have been major increases in migration flows within, to and from the Southern African region. Cross-border movements are at an all-time high across the region and internal migration is at record levels. The implications of greater mobility for areas of origin and destination have not been systematically explored. Migration is most often seen as a negative phenomenon, a result of increased poverty and the failure of development. More recently, the positive relationship between migration and development has been emphasised by agencies such as the Global Commission on International Migration, the Global Forum on Migration and Development, the United Nations Development Programme and the African Union. The chapters in this publication are all based on primary research and examine various facets of the relationship between migration, poverty and development, including issues that are often ignored in the migration-development debate like migration and food security and migration and vulnerability to HIV. The book argues that the development and poverty reduction potential of migration is being hindered by national policies that fail to recognise and build on the positive aspects and potential of migration. As a result, as these studies show, migrants are often pushed to the margins where they are forced to "survive on the move". Their treatment violates labour laws and basic human rights and compromises the potential of migration as a means to create sustainable livelihoods, reduce poverty and food insecurity, mitigate the brain drain and promote the productive use of remittances. This book shows that migrant lives and livelihoods should be at the centre of international and African debates about migration, poverty and development.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Author: Jonathan Crush
Publisher: African Books Collective
ISBN: 1920409491
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
South Africa's gold mining workforce has the highest prevalence rates of tuberculosis and HIV infection of any industrial sector in the country. The contract migrant labour system, which has long outlived apartheid, is responsible for this unacceptable situation. The spread of HIV to rural communities in Southern Africa is not well understood. The accepted wisdom is that migrants leave for the mines, engage in high-risk behaviour, contract the virus and return to infect their rural partners. This model fails to deal with the phenomenon of rural-rural transmission and cases of HIV discordance (when the female migrant is infected and the male migrant not). Nor does it reveal whether all rural partners are equally at risk of infection. This study examines the vulnerability of rural partners in southern Mozambique and southern Swaziland, which are two major source areas for migrant miners. It presents the results of surveys with miners and partners in these two sending-areas and affords the opportunity to compare two different mine-sending areas. The two areas are not only geographically and culturally different, they have had contrasting experiences with the mine labour system over the last two decades. The spread of HIV in Southern Africa in the 1990s coincided with major downsizing and retrenchment in the gold mining industry which impacted differently on Mozambique and Swaziland. Swaziland has been in decline as a source of mine migrants while Mozambique remained a relatively stable source of mine migrants. The study therefore aims not only to shed light on vulnerability in mine sending areas, but also to draw out any contrasts that might exist between two mine-sending areas that were inserted into the mine migrant labour system in different ways during the expansion of the HIV epidemic.
Author: Jonathan Crush
Publisher: Institute for Democracy in South Africa
ISBN: 9781920118464
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The Southern African Migration Project is a collaborative project and this paper is published jointly by IDASA in Cape Town and Queen's University, Canada. It seeks to establish a background for understanding the complex and dynamic linkages between urbanisation, migration, HIV/Aids and urban food security in Southern and Eastern Africa. It documents the key dimensions of the connections. The linkages between HIV/Aids and urban food security are particularly less well-established, and in documenting them here, the authors simultaneously link them with migration, the first to examine these dynamics at a regional level. Jonathan Crush is the Director of the Southern African Migration Project, the Director of the Southern African Research Centre at Queen's University, Canada, and an Honorary Professor at the University of Cape Town. Miriam Grant is a Professor at the University of Calgary. Bruce Frayne is a Research Fellow with the International Food Policy Research Institute, and Coordinator of the Regional Network on Aids, Livelihoods and Food Security.
Author: Felicity Thomas
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135248095
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
Over the past two decades, population mobility has intensified and become more diverse, raising important questions concerning the health and well-being of people who are mobile as well as communities of origin and destination. Ongoing concerns have been voiced about possible links between mobility and HIV, with calls being made to contain or control migrant populations, and debate linking HIV with issues of global security and surveillance being fuelled. This volume challenges common assumptions about mobility, HIV and AIDS. A series of interlinked chapters prepared by international experts explores the experiences of people who are mobile as they relate to sexuality and to HIV susceptibility and impact. The various chapters discuss the factors that contribute to the vulnerability of different mobile groups but also examine the ways in which agency, resilience and adaptation shape lived experience and help people protect themselves throughout the mobility process. Looking at diverse forms of migration and mobility – covering flight from conflict, poverty and exploitation, through labour migration to ‘sex tourism’ – the book reports on research findings from around the world, including the USA, the UK, sub-Saharan Africa, Australia, Central America and China. Mobility, Sexuality and AIDS recognises the complex relationships between individual circumstances, population mobility and community and state response. It is invaluable reading for policy makers, students and practitioners working in the fields of migration, development studies, anthropology, sociology, geography and public health.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309090180
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
The AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa continues to affect all facets of life throughout the subcontinent. Deaths related to AIDS have driven down the life expectancy rate of residents in Zambia, Kenya, and Uganda with far-reaching implications. This book details the current state of the AIDS epidemic in Africa and what is known about the behaviors that contribute to the transmission of the HIV infection. It lays out what research is needed and what is necessary to design more effective prevention programs.
Author: Lucia Corno
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 37
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Book Description
Swaziland and Lesotho have the highest HIV prevalence in the world. They also share another distinct feature: during the last century, they sent a large numbers of migrant workers to South African mines. This paper examines whether participation in mining in a bordering country affects HIV infection rate. A job in the mines means leaving for long periods away from their families and living in an area with an active sex industry. This creates potential incentives for multiple, concurrent partnerships. Using Demographic and Health Surveys, the analysis shows that migrant miners ages 30-44 are 15 percentage points more likely to be HIV positive, and women whose partner is a migrant miner are 8 percentage points more likely to become infected. The study also shows that miners are less likely to abstain or use condoms, and female partners of miners are more likely to engage in extramarital sex. The authors interpret these results as suggesting that miners' migration into South Africa has increased the spread of HIV/AIDS in their countries of origin. Consistent with this interpretation, the association between HIV infection and being a miner or a miner's wife are not statistically significant in Zimbabwe, a country where the mining industry is local and does not involve migrating to South Africa.
