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Author: Vyas Krishnan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789400718944
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
The exponential scaling in CMOS transistor sizes over the past three decades have enabled spectacular advances in integrated circuit technology, allowing the integration of more than a billion transistors in modern very large-scale integrated (VLSI) circuits. Over the last four decades, transistor scaling has followed Moore's law, and according to projections made by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS), minimum feature sizes are expected to reach 22nm by 2012. The primary drivers for transistor scaling are the associated benefits of lower system costs, improved performance, and system reliability. However, continuous device and interconnect scaling trends in deep submicron designs have created new challenges for integrated circuit designers such as increased interconnect delays due to rising parasitic resistance and capacitance of on-chip wiring, increased on-chip power densities, and performance and reliability problems posed by on-chip thermal gradients and thermal-hotspots. Thus, the major challenge is in achieving reliable, high-performance system implementations, all the way from the micro-architecture level down to the layout level. In order to realize such an implementation, a unified physical-level and high-level synthesis method becomes paramount, to ensure predictability of HLS design flows and minimize design iterations.
Author: Vyas Krishnan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789400718944
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Get Book Here
Book Description
The exponential scaling in CMOS transistor sizes over the past three decades have enabled spectacular advances in integrated circuit technology, allowing the integration of more than a billion transistors in modern very large-scale integrated (VLSI) circuits. Over the last four decades, transistor scaling has followed Moore's law, and according to projections made by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS), minimum feature sizes are expected to reach 22nm by 2012. The primary drivers for transistor scaling are the associated benefits of lower system costs, improved performance, and system reliability. However, continuous device and interconnect scaling trends in deep submicron designs have created new challenges for integrated circuit designers such as increased interconnect delays due to rising parasitic resistance and capacitance of on-chip wiring, increased on-chip power densities, and performance and reliability problems posed by on-chip thermal gradients and thermal-hotspots. Thus, the major challenge is in achieving reliable, high-performance system implementations, all the way from the micro-architecture level down to the layout level. In order to realize such an implementation, a unified physical-level and high-level synthesis method becomes paramount, to ensure predictability of HLS design flows and minimize design iterations.
Author: Vyas Krishnan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
ABSTRACT: Aggressive scaling of nanoscale CMOS integrated circuits has created significant design challenges arising from increasing power densities, thermal concerns, and rising wire delays. The main contribution of this dissertation is the development of unified physical and high-level synthesis techniques for the design of ASICs with optimal chip temperatures and interconnect delays. Thermal issues are becoming a serious problem in high-performance VLSI circuits, adversely impacting performance, reliability, power consumption, and cooling costs. To address this, we present a temperature-aware behavioral synthesis (TABS) framework that combines power minimization with temperature-aware task scheduling, resource binding, and floorplanning. Compared to conventional low-power synthesis methods, our approach is effective in synthesizing circuits with lower chip temperatures and more uniform thermal distributions, with temperature reductions up to 23% when compared to low-power synthesis. We propose three techniques to address interconnect delays during high-level synthesis: (1) a simulated annealing (SA) based layout-aware high-level synthesis technique for 3-D integrated circuits, that tightly couples the synthesis tasks of resource binding and 3-D floorplanning. The proposed algorithm significantly outperforms a conventional synthesis flow that separates the binding and floorplanning steps, with improvements in the total wirelength by 29% and of the longest wirelength by 21%; (2) a floorplan-aware high-level synthesis technique that uses the topology of multi-terminal nets to improve interconnect delay estimates during resource binding. Experiments show that the use of accurate wire delay estimates during binding can reduce wire delays by as much as 49% in 70nm technology; (3) an iterative high-level design-space exploration engine that uses a priori stochastic wirelength estimates to guide binding decisions during high-level synthesis. The proposed approach offers a significant speed-up during design space exploration when compared to approaches that use traditional place-and-route to evaluate candidate solutions. Finally, we present a genetic algorithm (GA) based approach for high-level synthesis. We propose novel GA encoding, crossover, and mutation operators for the problem. The quality of the results generated by the GA are superior to those of several other techniques reported in the literature.
Author: Philippe Coussy
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402085885
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
This book presents an excellent collection of contributions addressing different aspects of high-level synthesis from both industry and academia. It includes an overview of available EDA tool solutions and their applicability to design problems.
Author: Layale Bassil
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Digital integrated circuits
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
Author: Yong Zhan
Publisher: Now Publishers Inc
ISBN: 1601981708
Category : Integrated circuits
Languages : en
Pages : 131
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Book Description
Provides an overview of analysis and optimization techniques for thermally-aware chip design.
Author: Aida Todri-Sanial
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351830198
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
Physical Design for 3D Integrated Circuits reveals how to effectively and optimally design 3D integrated circuits (ICs). It also analyzes the design tools for 3D circuits while exploiting the benefits of 3D technology. The book begins by offering an overview of physical design challenges with respect to conventional 2D circuits, and then each chapter delivers an in-depth look at a specific physical design topic. This comprehensive reference: Contains extensive coverage of the physical design of 2.5D/3D ICs and monolithic 3D ICs Supplies state-of-the-art solutions for challenges unique to 3D circuit design Features contributions from renowned experts in their respective fields Physical Design for 3D Integrated Circuits provides a single, convenient source of cutting-edge information for those pursuing 2.5D/3D technology.
Author: Christopher Alexander
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674627512
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
"These notes are about the process of design: the process of inventing things which display new physical order, organization, form, in response to function." This book, opening with these words, presents an entirely new theory of the process of design. In the first part of the book, Christopher Alexander discusses the process by which a form is adapted to the context of human needs and demands that has called it into being. He shows that such an adaptive process will be successful only if it proceeds piecemeal instead of all at once. It is for this reason that forms from traditional un-self-conscious cultures, molded not by designers but by the slow pattern of changes within tradition, are so beautifully organized and adapted. When the designer, in our own self-conscious culture, is called on to create a form that is adapted to its context he is unsuccessful, because the preconceived categories out of which he builds his picture of the problem do not correspond to the inherent components of the problem, and therefore lead only to the arbitrariness, willfulness, and lack of understanding which plague the design of modern buildings and modern cities. In the second part, Mr. Alexander presents a method by which the designer may bring his full creative imagination into play, and yet avoid the traps of irrelevant preconception. He shows that, whenever a problem is stated, it is possible to ignore existing concepts and to create new concepts, out of the structure of the problem itself, which do correspond correctly to what he calls the subsystems of the adaptive process. By treating each of these subsystems as a separate subproblem, the designer can translate the new concepts into form. The form, because of the process, will be well-adapted to its context, non-arbitrary, and correct. The mathematics underlying this method, based mainly on set theory, is fully developed in a long appendix. Another appendix demonstrates the application of the method to the design of an Indian village.
Author: Petru Eles
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475727895
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 373
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Book Description
Embedded systems are usually composed of several interacting components such as custom or application specific processors, ASICs, memory blocks, and the associated communication infrastructure. The development of tools to support the design of such systems requires a further step from high-level synthesis towards a higher abstraction level. The lack of design tools accepting a system-level specification of a complete system, which may include both hardware and software components, is one of the major bottlenecks in the design of embedded systems. Thus, more and more research efforts have been spent on issues related to system-level synthesis. This book addresses the two most active research areas of design automation today: high-level synthesis and system-level synthesis. In particular, a transformational approach to synthesis from VHDL specifications is described. System Synthesis with VHDL provides a coherent view of system synthesis which includes the high-level and the system-level synthesis tasks. VHDL is used as a specification language and several issues concerning the use of VHDL for high-level and system-level synthesis are discussed. These include aspects from the compilation of VHDL into an internal design representation to the synthesis of systems specified as interacting VHDL processes. The book emphasizes the use of a transformational approach to system synthesis. A Petri net based design representation is rigorously defined and used throughout the book as a basic vehicle for illustration of transformations and other design concepts. Iterative improvement heuristics, such as tabu search, simulated annealing and genetic algorithms, are discussed and illustrated as strategies which are used to guide the optimization process in a transformation-based design environment. Advanced topics, including hardware/software partitioning, test synthesis and low power synthesis are discussed from the perspective of a transformational approach to system synthesis. System Synthesis with VHDL can be used for advanced undergraduate or graduate courses in the area of design automation and, more specifically, of high-level and system-level synthesis. At the same time the book is intended for CAD developers and researchers as well as industrial designers of digital systems who are interested in new algorithms and techniques supporting modern design tools and methodologies.
Author: Ibrahim (Abe) M. Elfadel
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030046664
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 694
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Book Description
This book provides readers with an up-to-date account of the use of machine learning frameworks, methodologies, algorithms and techniques in the context of computer-aided design (CAD) for very-large-scale integrated circuits (VLSI). Coverage includes the various machine learning methods used in lithography, physical design, yield prediction, post-silicon performance analysis, reliability and failure analysis, power and thermal analysis, analog design, logic synthesis, verification, and neuromorphic design. Provides up-to-date information on machine learning in VLSI CAD for device modeling, layout verifications, yield prediction, post-silicon validation, and reliability; Discusses the use of machine learning techniques in the context of analog and digital synthesis; Demonstrates how to formulate VLSI CAD objectives as machine learning problems and provides a comprehensive treatment of their efficient solutions; Discusses the tradeoff between the cost of collecting data and prediction accuracy and provides a methodology for using prior data to reduce cost of data collection in the design, testing and validation of both analog and digital VLSI designs. From the Foreword As the semiconductor industry embraces the rising swell of cognitive systems and edge intelligence, this book could serve as a harbinger and example of the osmosis that will exist between our cognitive structures and methods, on the one hand, and the hardware architectures and technologies that will support them, on the other....As we transition from the computing era to the cognitive one, it behooves us to remember the success story of VLSI CAD and to earnestly seek the help of the invisible hand so that our future cognitive systems are used to design more powerful cognitive systems. This book is very much aligned with this on-going transition from computing to cognition, and it is with deep pleasure that I recommend it to all those who are actively engaged in this exciting transformation. Dr. Ruchir Puri, IBM Fellow, IBM Watson CTO & Chief Architect, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center
Author: John Dewey
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN:
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
. Renewal of Life by Transmission. The most notable distinction between living and inanimate things is that the former maintain themselves by renewal. A stone when struck resists. If its resistance is greater than the force of the blow struck, it remains outwardly unchanged. Otherwise, it is shattered into smaller bits. Never does the stone attempt to react in such a way that it may maintain itself against the blow, much less so as to render the blow a contributing factor to its own continued action. While the living thing may easily be crushed by superior force, it none the less tries to turn the energies which act upon it into means of its own further existence. If it cannot do so, it does not just split into smaller pieces (at least in the higher forms of life), but loses its identity as a living thing. As long as it endures, it struggles to use surrounding energies in its own behalf. It uses light, air, moisture, and the material of soil. To say that it uses them is to say that it turns them into means of its own conservation. As long as it is growing, the energy it expends in thus turning the environment to account is more than compensated for by the return it gets: it grows. Understanding the word "control" in this sense, it may be said that a living being is one that subjugates and controls for its own continued activity the energies that would otherwise use it up. Life is a self-renewing process through action upon the environment.
