Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309210925
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 352
Book Description
The U.S. intelligence community (IC) is a complex human enterprise whose success depends on how well the people in it perform their work. Although often aided by sophisticated technologies, these people ultimately rely on their own intellect to identify, synthesize, and communicate the information on which the nation's security depends. The IC's success depends on having trained, motivated, and thoughtful people working within organizations able to understand, value, and coordinate their capabilities. Intelligence Analysis provides up-to-date scientific guidance for the intelligence community (IC) so that it might improve individual and group judgments, communication between analysts, and analytic processes. The papers in this volume provide the detailed evidentiary base for the National Research Council's report, Intelligence Analysis for Tomorrow: Advances from the Behavioral and Social Sciences. The opening chapter focuses on the structure, missions, operations, and characteristics of the IC while the following 12 papers provide in-depth reviews of key topics in three areas: analytic methods, analysts, and organizations. Informed by the IC's unique missions and constraints, each paper documents the latest advancements of the relevant science and is a stand-alone resource for the IC's leadership and workforce. The collection allows readers to focus on one area of interest (analytic methods, analysts, or organizations) or even one particular aspect of a category. As a collection, the volume provides a broad perspective of the issues involved in making difficult decisions, which is at the heart of intelligence analysis.
Intelligence Analysis
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309210925
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 352
Book Description
The U.S. intelligence community (IC) is a complex human enterprise whose success depends on how well the people in it perform their work. Although often aided by sophisticated technologies, these people ultimately rely on their own intellect to identify, synthesize, and communicate the information on which the nation's security depends. The IC's success depends on having trained, motivated, and thoughtful people working within organizations able to understand, value, and coordinate their capabilities. Intelligence Analysis provides up-to-date scientific guidance for the intelligence community (IC) so that it might improve individual and group judgments, communication between analysts, and analytic processes. The papers in this volume provide the detailed evidentiary base for the National Research Council's report, Intelligence Analysis for Tomorrow: Advances from the Behavioral and Social Sciences. The opening chapter focuses on the structure, missions, operations, and characteristics of the IC while the following 12 papers provide in-depth reviews of key topics in three areas: analytic methods, analysts, and organizations. Informed by the IC's unique missions and constraints, each paper documents the latest advancements of the relevant science and is a stand-alone resource for the IC's leadership and workforce. The collection allows readers to focus on one area of interest (analytic methods, analysts, or organizations) or even one particular aspect of a category. As a collection, the volume provides a broad perspective of the issues involved in making difficult decisions, which is at the heart of intelligence analysis.
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309210925
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 352
Book Description
The U.S. intelligence community (IC) is a complex human enterprise whose success depends on how well the people in it perform their work. Although often aided by sophisticated technologies, these people ultimately rely on their own intellect to identify, synthesize, and communicate the information on which the nation's security depends. The IC's success depends on having trained, motivated, and thoughtful people working within organizations able to understand, value, and coordinate their capabilities. Intelligence Analysis provides up-to-date scientific guidance for the intelligence community (IC) so that it might improve individual and group judgments, communication between analysts, and analytic processes. The papers in this volume provide the detailed evidentiary base for the National Research Council's report, Intelligence Analysis for Tomorrow: Advances from the Behavioral and Social Sciences. The opening chapter focuses on the structure, missions, operations, and characteristics of the IC while the following 12 papers provide in-depth reviews of key topics in three areas: analytic methods, analysts, and organizations. Informed by the IC's unique missions and constraints, each paper documents the latest advancements of the relevant science and is a stand-alone resource for the IC's leadership and workforce. The collection allows readers to focus on one area of interest (analytic methods, analysts, or organizations) or even one particular aspect of a category. As a collection, the volume provides a broad perspective of the issues involved in making difficult decisions, which is at the heart of intelligence analysis.
Reasoning for Intelligence Analysts
Author: Noel Hendrickson
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1442272325
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 357
Book Description
The goal of Reasoning for Intelligence Analysts is to address the three distinct dimensions of an analyst’s thinking: the person of the analyst (their traits), the processes they use (their techniques), and the problems they face (their targets). Based on a decade of academic research and university teaching in a program for aspiring intelligence analysts, this multidimensional approach will help the reader move beyond the traditional boundaries of accumulating knowledge or critical thinking with techniques to assess the unique targets of reasoning in the information age. This approach is not just a set of techniques, but covers all elements of reasoning by discussing the personal, procedural, and problem-specific aspects. It also addresses key challenges, such as uncertain data, irrelevant or misleading information, indeterminate outcomes, and significance for clients through an extensive examination of hypothesis development, causal analysis, futures exploration, and strategy assessment. Both critical and creative thinking, which are essential to reasoning in intelligence, are integrated throughout. Structured around independently readable chapters, this text offers a systematic approach to reasoning a long with an extensive toolkit that will serve the needs of both students and intelligence professionals.
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1442272325
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 357
Book Description
The goal of Reasoning for Intelligence Analysts is to address the three distinct dimensions of an analyst’s thinking: the person of the analyst (their traits), the processes they use (their techniques), and the problems they face (their targets). Based on a decade of academic research and university teaching in a program for aspiring intelligence analysts, this multidimensional approach will help the reader move beyond the traditional boundaries of accumulating knowledge or critical thinking with techniques to assess the unique targets of reasoning in the information age. This approach is not just a set of techniques, but covers all elements of reasoning by discussing the personal, procedural, and problem-specific aspects. It also addresses key challenges, such as uncertain data, irrelevant or misleading information, indeterminate outcomes, and significance for clients through an extensive examination of hypothesis development, causal analysis, futures exploration, and strategy assessment. Both critical and creative thinking, which are essential to reasoning in intelligence, are integrated throughout. Structured around independently readable chapters, this text offers a systematic approach to reasoning a long with an extensive toolkit that will serve the needs of both students and intelligence professionals.
IQ and Aptitude Tests
Author: Philip Carter
Publisher: Kogan Page Publishers
ISBN: 0749461993
Category : Games & Activities
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Book Description
An aptitude test is designed to measure the potential for achievement in an individual, whilst an IQ test is a standardized test designed to measure intelligence. Both are now increasingly encountered in recruitment, selection and assessment procedures. IQ and Aptitude Tests contains over 350 practice questions together with answers, explanations and a guide to assessing performance. The questions are organized into four IQ tests together with verbal, spatial and numerical aptitude tests. These include tests of word meanings, grammar and comprehension, advanced verbal aptitude, logical analysis, mental arithmetic, numerical sequences, and number problems. Invaluable to those who are faced with an aptitude or IQ test, this book will also help anyone who needs to improve their verbal, numerical and reasoning skills.
Publisher: Kogan Page Publishers
ISBN: 0749461993
Category : Games & Activities
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Book Description
An aptitude test is designed to measure the potential for achievement in an individual, whilst an IQ test is a standardized test designed to measure intelligence. Both are now increasingly encountered in recruitment, selection and assessment procedures. IQ and Aptitude Tests contains over 350 practice questions together with answers, explanations and a guide to assessing performance. The questions are organized into four IQ tests together with verbal, spatial and numerical aptitude tests. These include tests of word meanings, grammar and comprehension, advanced verbal aptitude, logical analysis, mental arithmetic, numerical sequences, and number problems. Invaluable to those who are faced with an aptitude or IQ test, this book will also help anyone who needs to improve their verbal, numerical and reasoning skills.
Macroscope
Author: Piers Anthony
Publisher: Mundania Press
ISBN: 097236708X
Category : Science fiction, American
Languages : en
Pages : 428
Book Description
Throughout history, man has been searching for better ways to gather information about his universe. But although they may have longed for it, not even the most brilliant minds could conceive of a device as infinitely powerful or as immeasurably precise as the Macroscope, until the twenty-first century. This is a story of mans desperate search for a compromise between his mind and his heart, between knowledge and humanity.
Publisher: Mundania Press
ISBN: 097236708X
Category : Science fiction, American
Languages : en
Pages : 428
Book Description
Throughout history, man has been searching for better ways to gather information about his universe. But although they may have longed for it, not even the most brilliant minds could conceive of a device as infinitely powerful or as immeasurably precise as the Macroscope, until the twenty-first century. This is a story of mans desperate search for a compromise between his mind and his heart, between knowledge and humanity.
The Nature of Reasoning
Author: Jacqueline P. Leighton
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521009287
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 484
Book Description
We are bombarded with information - press releases, television news, Internet websites, and office memos, just to name a few - on a daily basis. However, the important conclusions that may or need to be inferred from such information are typically not provided. We must draw the conclusions by ourselves. How do we draw these conclusions? This book addresses how we reason to reach sensible conclusions. The purpose of this book is to organize in one volume what is known about reasoning, such as its structural prerequisites, its mechanisms, its susceptibility to pragmatic influences, its pitfalls, and the bases for its development. Given that reasoning underlies so many of our intellectual activities - when we learn, criticize, analyze, judge, infer, evaluate, optimize, apply, discover, imagine, devise, and create - we stand to gain a great deal if we can learn to define, operate, apply, and nurture our reasoning.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521009287
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 484
Book Description
We are bombarded with information - press releases, television news, Internet websites, and office memos, just to name a few - on a daily basis. However, the important conclusions that may or need to be inferred from such information are typically not provided. We must draw the conclusions by ourselves. How do we draw these conclusions? This book addresses how we reason to reach sensible conclusions. The purpose of this book is to organize in one volume what is known about reasoning, such as its structural prerequisites, its mechanisms, its susceptibility to pragmatic influences, its pitfalls, and the bases for its development. Given that reasoning underlies so many of our intellectual activities - when we learn, criticize, analyze, judge, infer, evaluate, optimize, apply, discover, imagine, devise, and create - we stand to gain a great deal if we can learn to define, operate, apply, and nurture our reasoning.
Puzzles To Puzzle You
Author: Shakuntala Devi
Publisher: Orient Paperbacks
ISBN: 9788122200140
Category : Games & Activities
Languages : en
Pages : 148
Book Description
Discover the adventure and excitement of mathematical puzzles. Match your wits with the human computer. Sharpen your intellect, delight your friends and enjoy hours of purposeful entertainment. Mathematics is not always hard, mind-boggling stuff. It can also be simple, delightful and interesting. Many famous mathematicians are known to be devoted to peg jumping puzzles. It is perhaps this kind of play that leads to scientific discoveries. The celebrity author, Shakuntala Devi, is regarded as 'authentic heroine of the twentieth century'. She calculates faster than the fastest computer, is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records and continues to amaze audiences around the world with her feats of calculation.
Publisher: Orient Paperbacks
ISBN: 9788122200140
Category : Games & Activities
Languages : en
Pages : 148
Book Description
Discover the adventure and excitement of mathematical puzzles. Match your wits with the human computer. Sharpen your intellect, delight your friends and enjoy hours of purposeful entertainment. Mathematics is not always hard, mind-boggling stuff. It can also be simple, delightful and interesting. Many famous mathematicians are known to be devoted to peg jumping puzzles. It is perhaps this kind of play that leads to scientific discoveries. The celebrity author, Shakuntala Devi, is regarded as 'authentic heroine of the twentieth century'. She calculates faster than the fastest computer, is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records and continues to amaze audiences around the world with her feats of calculation.
Thinking and Reasoning
Author: Jonathan St. B. T. Evans
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198787251
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 153
Book Description
Our extraordinary capacity to reason and solve problems sets us aside from other animals, but our evolved thinking processes also leave us susceptible to bias and error. The study of thinking and reasoning goes back to Aristotle, and was one of the first topics to be studied when psychology separated from philosophy. In this Very Short Introduction Jonathan Evans explores cognitive psychological approaches to understanding the nature of thinking and reasoning, problem solving, and decision making. He shows how our problem solving capabilities are hugely dependent on also having the imagination to ask the right questions, and the ability to see things from a completely new perspective. Beginning by considering the approaches of the behaviorists and the Gestalt psychologists, he moves on to modern explorations of thinking, including hypothetical thinking, conditionals, deduction, rationality, and intuition. Covering the role of past learning, IQ, and cognitive biases, Evans also discusses the idea that there may be two different ways of thinking, arising from our evolutionary history. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198787251
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 153
Book Description
Our extraordinary capacity to reason and solve problems sets us aside from other animals, but our evolved thinking processes also leave us susceptible to bias and error. The study of thinking and reasoning goes back to Aristotle, and was one of the first topics to be studied when psychology separated from philosophy. In this Very Short Introduction Jonathan Evans explores cognitive psychological approaches to understanding the nature of thinking and reasoning, problem solving, and decision making. He shows how our problem solving capabilities are hugely dependent on also having the imagination to ask the right questions, and the ability to see things from a completely new perspective. Beginning by considering the approaches of the behaviorists and the Gestalt psychologists, he moves on to modern explorations of thinking, including hypothetical thinking, conditionals, deduction, rationality, and intuition. Covering the role of past learning, IQ, and cognitive biases, Evans also discusses the idea that there may be two different ways of thinking, arising from our evolutionary history. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
Handbook of Intelligence
Author: Robert J. Sternberg
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521596480
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 696
Book Description
Not since the landmark publication of Handbook of Human Intelligence in 1982 has the field of intelligence been more alive than it is today. Spurred by the new developments in this rapidly expanding field, Dr Sternberg has brought together a stellar list of contributors to provide a comprehensive, broad and deeply thematic review of intelligence that will be accessible to both scholar and student. The field of intelligence is lively on many fronts, and this volume provides full coverage on topics such as behavior-genetic models, evolutionary models, cognitive models, emotional intelligence, practical intelligence, and group difference. Handbook of Intelligence is largely expanded, covering areas such as animal and artificial intelligence, as well as human intelligence. It fully reflects important theoretical progress made since the early 1980s.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521596480
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 696
Book Description
Not since the landmark publication of Handbook of Human Intelligence in 1982 has the field of intelligence been more alive than it is today. Spurred by the new developments in this rapidly expanding field, Dr Sternberg has brought together a stellar list of contributors to provide a comprehensive, broad and deeply thematic review of intelligence that will be accessible to both scholar and student. The field of intelligence is lively on many fronts, and this volume provides full coverage on topics such as behavior-genetic models, evolutionary models, cognitive models, emotional intelligence, practical intelligence, and group difference. Handbook of Intelligence is largely expanded, covering areas such as animal and artificial intelligence, as well as human intelligence. It fully reflects important theoretical progress made since the early 1980s.
Remaking the Concept of Aptitude
Author: Lyn Corno
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135660115
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 327
Book Description
The unique perspective of Richard E. Snow, in recent years one of the most distinguished educational psychologists, integrates psychology of individual differences, cognitive psychology, and motivational psychology. This capstone book pulls together the findings of his own 35 years of research on aptitudes and those from (especially) European scholars, of which he had exceptional knowledge. A panel of experts and former associates completed this book after his death in 1997, expanding his notes on implications of the theory for instructional design and teaching practice. The panel developed Snow's ideas on where the field should go next, emphasizing promising research strategies. Viewing intelligence as education's most important product, as well as its most important raw material, Snow stressed the need to consider both cognitive skills and affective-motivational characteristics. In this book, previously unconnected research and scattered theoretical ideas are integrated into a dynamic model of aptitude. Understanding the transaction between person and situation was Snow's primary concern. This volume draws from diverse resources to construct a theoretical model of aptitude as a complex process of unfolding person-situation dynamics. Remaking the Concept of Aptitude: Extending the Legacy of Richard E. Snow: *presents historical and contemporary discussion of aptitude theory, illuminating recent ideas by pointing to their historic antecedents; *provides evidence of how sound research can have practical ramifications in classroom settings; *discusses the strengths and weaknesses of prominent research programs, including Gardner's "multiple intelligence," meta-analysis, ATI experiments, and information processing; *describes in detail specific research that has developed important concepts--for example, Czikszentmihalyi on "flow"; Lambrechts on success in stressful training; Sternberg on componential analysis; and Gibson on tailoring affordances to match motivations; and *keeps statistical complexities to a minimum, and includes a simply written Appendix that explains the interpretation of key technical concepts. By characterizing sound research in the field, this volume is useful for psychologists and educational researchers. It will also be instructive for teachers seeking to deepen their knowledge of the whole child and for parents of children facing standardized testing.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135660115
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 327
Book Description
The unique perspective of Richard E. Snow, in recent years one of the most distinguished educational psychologists, integrates psychology of individual differences, cognitive psychology, and motivational psychology. This capstone book pulls together the findings of his own 35 years of research on aptitudes and those from (especially) European scholars, of which he had exceptional knowledge. A panel of experts and former associates completed this book after his death in 1997, expanding his notes on implications of the theory for instructional design and teaching practice. The panel developed Snow's ideas on where the field should go next, emphasizing promising research strategies. Viewing intelligence as education's most important product, as well as its most important raw material, Snow stressed the need to consider both cognitive skills and affective-motivational characteristics. In this book, previously unconnected research and scattered theoretical ideas are integrated into a dynamic model of aptitude. Understanding the transaction between person and situation was Snow's primary concern. This volume draws from diverse resources to construct a theoretical model of aptitude as a complex process of unfolding person-situation dynamics. Remaking the Concept of Aptitude: Extending the Legacy of Richard E. Snow: *presents historical and contemporary discussion of aptitude theory, illuminating recent ideas by pointing to their historic antecedents; *provides evidence of how sound research can have practical ramifications in classroom settings; *discusses the strengths and weaknesses of prominent research programs, including Gardner's "multiple intelligence," meta-analysis, ATI experiments, and information processing; *describes in detail specific research that has developed important concepts--for example, Czikszentmihalyi on "flow"; Lambrechts on success in stressful training; Sternberg on componential analysis; and Gibson on tailoring affordances to match motivations; and *keeps statistical complexities to a minimum, and includes a simply written Appendix that explains the interpretation of key technical concepts. By characterizing sound research in the field, this volume is useful for psychologists and educational researchers. It will also be instructive for teachers seeking to deepen their knowledge of the whole child and for parents of children facing standardized testing.
Cognitive Psychology and Its Implications
Author: John R. Anderson
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780716701101
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 542
Book Description
This text offers a systematic and accessible presentation of the theoretical foundations of higher mental processes. It addresses both the information processing and the cognitive neuroscience approaches to the field.
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780716701101
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 542
Book Description
This text offers a systematic and accessible presentation of the theoretical foundations of higher mental processes. It addresses both the information processing and the cognitive neuroscience approaches to the field.