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Author: Bertus De Villiers
Publisher: HSRC Press
ISBN: 9780796918598
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
Since the mid-1980s the world has witnessed a democratization tide sweeping across Africa, Europe, Asia and South America. This book details the effects of such change for people and institutions alike within these countries
Author: Bertus De Villiers
Publisher: HSRC Press
ISBN: 9780796918598
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
Since the mid-1980s the world has witnessed a democratization tide sweeping across Africa, Europe, Asia and South America. This book details the effects of such change for people and institutions alike within these countries
Author: Ben Reilly
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521797306
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
This text examines the potential of electoral engineering as a mechanism of conflict management in divided societies. It focuses on the little-known experience of a number of divided societies which have used vote-pooling electoral systems.
Author: Adrian Guelke
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0745660649
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
The establishment of durable, democratic institutions constitutes one of the major challenges of our age. As countless contemporary examples have shown, it requires far more than simply the holding of free elections. The consolidation of a legitimate constitutional order is difficult to achieve in any society, but it is especially problematic in societies with deep social cleavages. This book provides an authoritative and systematic analysis of the politics of so-called 'deeply divided societies' in the post Cold War era. From Bosnia to South Africa, Northern Ireland to Iraq, it explains why such places are so prone to political violence, and demonstrates why - even in times of peace - the fear of violence continues to shape attitudes, entrenching divisions in societies that already lack consensus on their political institutions. Combining intellectual rigour and accessibility, it examines the challenge of establishing order and justice in such unstable environments, and critically assesses a range of political options available, from partition to power-sharing and various initiatives to promote integration. The Politics of Deeply Divided Societies is an ideal resource for students of comparative politics and related disciplines, as well as anyone with an interest in the dynamics of ethnic conflict and nationalism.
Author: Yonatan T. Fessha
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030887855
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
This edited volume examines the form and operation of intergovernmental relations in divided societies. Using eight country case studies, it explores the interplay between politicised ethno-cultural diversity and intergovernmental relations (IGR) in countries where the distinctive identity of at least one subnational unit is acknowledged in a form of territorial autonomy. The book examines whether and how the distinctive identity of particular subnational units and the attending competing constitutional visions shape the dynamics of IGR. The goal here is not simply to determine whether intergovernmental interactions in such societies are less cordial and more conflictual than in other societies. Such interaction in any society could be strained as a result of disagreement over specific policy objectives. The question is whether the distinctive identity of particular subnational units and the attending competing constitutional visions themselves have been a primary source of intergovernmental tension. The book also examines the impact of identity politics on institutions and instruments of IGR, determining whether the ethno-cultural divide and the tension it creates have the tendency to affect the type of institutions and instruments employed in IGR. It is also about the relevance and effectiveness of institutions and instruments of IGR in acknowledging and accommodating the distinctive identities and specific demands of subnational units, thereby contributing to the peaceful management of divided societies.
Author: Nadine Ansorg
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134820143
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
This book deals with the question how institutional reform can contribute to peacebuilding in post-war and divided societies. In the context of armed conflict and widespread violence, two important questions shape political agendas inside and outside the affected societies: How can we stop the violence? And how can we prevent its recurrence? Comprehensive negotiated war terminations and peace accords recommend a set of mechanisms to bring an end to war and establish peace, including institutional reforms that promote democratization and state building. Although the role of institutions is widely recognized, their specific effects are highly contested in research as well as in practice. This book highlights the necessity to include path-dependency, pre-conflict institutions and societal divisions to understand the patterns of institutional change in post-war societies and the ongoing risk of civil war recurrence. It focuses on the general question of how institutional reform contributes to the establishment of peace in post-war societies. This book comprises three separate but interrelated parts on the relation between institutions and societal divisions, on institutional reform and on security sector reform. The chapters contribute to the understanding of the relationship between societal cleavages, pre-conflict institutions, path dependency, and institutional reform. This book will be of much interest to students of peacebuilding, conflict resolution, development studies, security studies and IR.
Author: Ben Reilly
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309519101
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 73
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Book Description
This paper is one of a series being prepared for the National Research Council's Committee on International Conflict Resolution. The committee was organized in late 1995 to respond to a growing need for prevention, management, and resolution of violent conflict in the international arena, a concern about the changing nature and context of such conflict in the post-Cold War era, and a recent expansion of knowledge in the field. The committee's main goal is to advance the practice of conflict resolution by using the methods and critical attitude of science to examine the effectiveness of various techniques and concepts that have been advanced for preventing, managing, and resolving international conflicts. The committee's research agenda has been designed to supplement the work of other groups, particularly the Carnegie Corporation of New York's Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, which issued its final report in December 1997. The committee has identified a number of specific techniques and concepts of current interest to policy practitioners and has asked leading specialists on each one to carefully review and analyze available knowledge and to summarize what is known about the conditions under which each is or is not effective. These papers present the results of their work.
Author: Ashley McIlvain Moran
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Iraq's 2005 constitution outlined ambitious plans to build a liberal democracy and inclusive society after decades of autocratic, discriminatory rule. These twin aims produced a range of competing needs—to constrain the executive and maintain institutions strong enough to bind a divided society, to ensure minority representation and prevent social divisions from cementing in politics, and to facilitate both inclusive deliberation and efficient policymaking on urgent issues. Seeking solutions to these diverse needs, constitution drafters adopted an equally diverse set of strategies. These blended accommodative structures that guaranteed minority representation, integrative structures that folded minority interests into a unified polity, and procedural strategies that delayed discussion of critical but contentious aspects of the constitutional order. Given the complex—and often conflicting or ambiguous—arrangements this produced in the constitution, the Iraqi Federal Supreme Court's interpretation of these arrangements has since played a key role in shaping the constitutional order. Iraq's hybrid approach to constitutional design reflects a growing global trend, with countries increasingly combining constitutional strategies once thought competitors. Yet even as hybrid designs have proliferated, there has not been commensurate scholarly attention to such systems as a distinct subtype of constitutional design. This study introduces new theories and measures that capture the full complexity of hybrid design and the Court's critical role in navigating that complexity. Analyzing the Iraqi Federal Supreme Court's 728 decisions and opinions in the first ten years after the constitution's adoption, this study identifies how Court rulings shaped institutional development and minority inclusion in ways both envisioned and unanticipated by the 2005 constitution. The Iraqi experience identifies four unique Court contributions to constitutional development in divided societies after a new constitution's adoption. This study finds the Court was critical to: enforcing constitutional commitments on minority inclusion, elaborating constitutional ambiguity to produce new institutional arrangements that were not achievable in drafting or post-adoption political processes, fostering diversity without cementing divisions, and building unified structures without excluding key societal interests. Iraq's experience with early constitutional elaboration and Court guidance of that process provides new insights for other divided societies in early stages of constitutional transitions
Author: Sidney John Roderick Noel
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN: 9780773529489
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 644
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Book Description
Author: Consuelo Cruz
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107320690
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 303
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Book Description
Democracy's checkered past and uncertain future in the developing world still puzzles and fascinates. In Latin America, attempts to construct resilient democracies have been as pervasive as reversals have been cruel. This book is based on a wealth of original historical documents and contemporary interviews with prominent political actors and analyses five centuries of political history in these paradigmatic cases of outstanding democratic success and abysmal failure. It shows that while factors highlighted by standard explanations matter, it is political culture that configures economic development, institutional choices and political pacts in ways that directly affect both democracy's chances and its quality. But it also claims that political culture is a dynamic combination of rational and normative imperatives that define actors' views of the permissible, shape their sense of realism, structure political struggles and legitimate the resulting distribution of power.
Author: Abdalhadi M. Alijla
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1838605320
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
When countries try to navigate through the aftermath of conflict, trust is the main focus and the catalyst for rebuilding societies, nations, economies and democracies. Trust is vital, not only at an individual level, but also at a community level: trust is important to sustain peace and also works as a trigger to end conflicts. But why are some divided societies more prone to the collapse of social trust than others? This book uses empirical and case study research, including qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), statistical methods, observations and interviews, to compare which policies and institutions to build trust have a greater impact on divided societies in the Middle East. The book focuses on Lebanon, Palestine, and Syria, but analyses the results from these societies by also comparing other political and ethno-religiously divided societies beyond the MENA region. The book does not want to forward a universal 'theory' that gives us the origin of trust and how it is destroyed. Rather, it aims to provide a comprehensive explanation of generalised trust in divided societies and answer the question: under which institutions is generalised trust in a divided society maintained or destroyed, and how does this happen? Of key importance to Abdalhadi Alijla is to highlight the formal and informal institutions that inspire an elevated level of trust to help make societies less vulnerable to internal conflict, and also to give voice to the real people who live and experience divided societies.
