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Author: Bruno Sanches Masiero
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN: 3832532749
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
In this work the importance of individualization in binaural technique is investigated. The results extend the present knowledge on the efficient measurement of individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) and highlight the importance of individual equalization filters in binaural reproduction, using both loudspeakers and headphones. Moreover, an integrated framework for the calculation of such equalization filters is presented. An innovative measurement setup was developed to allow the fast acquisition of individual HRTFs. The hardware was designed to be compatible with the range extrapolation technique. An individual HRTF dataset with 4000 directions can be measured in less than 6 minutes with this new setup. A framework was presented that integrates causality constraints to the regularized frequency domain calculation of crosstalk cancellation (CTC) filter. This framework also addresses the switching of active loudspeakers applying a weighted filter calculation method. A sound localization test showed that individualized CTC systems provide performance similar to that of binaural listening while nonindividualized CTC systems provide a significantly lower localization performance. Finally, a robust individual headphone equalization method was proposed. Perceptual tests showed that, in all but one of the tested situations, no audible differences between the original sound source and its binaural auditory display could be perceived.
Author: Bruno Sanches Masiero
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN: 3832532749
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 210
Get Book Here
Book Description
In this work the importance of individualization in binaural technique is investigated. The results extend the present knowledge on the efficient measurement of individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) and highlight the importance of individual equalization filters in binaural reproduction, using both loudspeakers and headphones. Moreover, an integrated framework for the calculation of such equalization filters is presented. An innovative measurement setup was developed to allow the fast acquisition of individual HRTFs. The hardware was designed to be compatible with the range extrapolation technique. An individual HRTF dataset with 4000 directions can be measured in less than 6 minutes with this new setup. A framework was presented that integrates causality constraints to the regularized frequency domain calculation of crosstalk cancellation (CTC) filter. This framework also addresses the switching of active loudspeakers applying a weighted filter calculation method. A sound localization test showed that individualized CTC systems provide performance similar to that of binaural listening while nonindividualized CTC systems provide a significantly lower localization performance. Finally, a robust individual headphone equalization method was proposed. Perceptual tests showed that, in all but one of the tested situations, no audible differences between the original sound source and its binaural auditory display could be perceived.
Author: Jens Blauert
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262024136
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
The field of spatial hearing has exploded in the decade or so since Jens Blauert's classic work on acoustics was first published in English. This revised edition adds a new chapter that describes developments in such areas as auditory virtual reality (an important field of application that is based mainly on the physics of spatial hearing), binaural technology (modeling speech enhancement by binaural hearing), and spatial sound-field mapping. The chapter also includes recent research on the precedence effect that provides clear experimental evidence that cognition plays a significant role in spatial hearing.The remaining four chapters in this comprehensive reference cover auditory research procedures and psychometric methods, spatial hearing with one sound source, spatial hearing with multiple sound sources and in enclosed spaces, and progress and trends from 1972 (the first German edition) to 1983 (the first English edition) -- work that includes research on the physics of the external ear, and the application of signal processing theory to modeling the spatial hearing process. There is an extensive bibliography of more than 900 items.
Author: Ramona Bomhardt
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN: 3832545433
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
Human sound localization helps to pay attention to spatially separated speakers using interaural level and time differences as well as angle-dependent monaural spectral cues. In a monophonic teleconference, for instance, it is much more difficult to distinguish between different speakers due to missing binaural cues. Spatial positioning of the speakers by means of binaural reproduction methods using head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) enhances speech comprehension. These HRTFs are influenced by the torso, head and ear geometry as they describe the propagation path of the sound from a source to the ear canal entrance. Through this geometry-dependency, the HRTF is directional and subject-dependent. To enable a sufficient reproduction, individual HRTFs should be used. However, it is tremendously difficult to measure these HRTFs. For this reason this thesis proposes approaches to adapt the HRTFs applying individual anthropometric dimensions of a user. Since localization at low frequencies is mainly influenced by the interaural time difference, two models to adapt this difference are developed and compared with existing models. Furthermore, two approaches to adapt the spectral cues at higher frequencies are studied, improved and compared. Although the localization performance with individualized HRTFs is slightly worse than with individual HRTFs, it is nevertheless still better than with non-individual HRTFs, taking into account the measurement effort.
Author: Jens Blauert
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540221623
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
- Speech Generation: Acoustics, Models and Applications (Arild Lacroix). - The Evolution of Digital Audio Technology (John Mourjopoulos). - Audio-Visual Interaction (Armin Kohlrausch) . - Speech and Audio Coding (Ulrich Heute) . - Binaural Technique (Dorte Hammerhoei, Henrik Moeller). - Auditory Virtual Environment (Pedro Novo). - Evolutionary Adaptions for Auditory Communication (Georg Klump). - A Functional View on the Human Hearing Organ (Herbert Hudde). - Modeling of Binaural Hearing (Jonas Braasch). - Psychoacoustics and Sound Quality (Hugo Fastl). - Semiotics for Engineers (Ute Jekosch). - Quality of Transmitted Speech for Humans and Machines (Sebastian Möller).
Author: Richard Skarbez
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832501397
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 221
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Book Description
Author: Agnieszka Roginska
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1317480112
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 379
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Book Description
Immersive Sound: The Art and Science of Binaural and Multi-Channel Audio provides a comprehensive guide to multi-channel sound. With contributions from leading recording engineers, researchers, and industry experts, Immersive Sound includes an in-depth description of the physics and psychoacoustics of spatial audio as well as practical applications. Chapters include the history of 3D sound, binaural reproduction over headphones and loudspeakers, stereo, surround sound, height channels, object-based audio, soundfield (ambisonics), wavefield synthesis, and multi-channel mixing techniques. Knowledge of the development, theory, and practice of spatial and multi-channel sound is essential to those advancing the research and applications in the rapidly evolving fields of 3D sound recording, augmented and virtual reality, gaming, film sound, music production, and post-production.
Author: Michael Vorländer
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030512029
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 370
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Book Description
Auralization is the technique of creation and reproduction of sound on the basis of computer data. With this tool it is possible to predict the character of sound signals which are generated at the source and modified by reinforcement, propagation and transmission in systems such as rooms, buildings, vehicles or other technical devices. This book is organized as a comprehensive collection of the basics of sound and vibration, acoustic modelling, simulation, signal processing and audio reproduction. With some mathematical prerequisites, the readers will be able to follow the main strategy of auralization easily and work out their own implementations of auralization in various fields of application in architectural acoustics, acoustic engineering, sound design and virtual reality. For readers interested in basic research, the technique of auralization may be useful to create sound stimuli for specific investigations in linguistic, medical, neurological and psychological research, and in the field of human-machine interaction.
Author: Dorte Hammershoi
Publisher: Aalborg Universitetsforlag
ISBN: 9788773075166
Category : Music
Languages : en
Pages : 63
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Book Description
Author: Ruth Y. Litovsky
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030571009
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 425
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Book Description
The field of Binaural Hearing involves studies of auditory perception, physiology, and modeling, including normal and abnormal aspects of the system. Binaural processes involved in both sound localization and speech unmasking have gained a broader interest and have received growing attention in the published literature. The field has undergone some significant changes. There is now a much richer understanding of the many aspects that comprising binaural processing, its role in development, and in success and limitations of hearing-aid and cochlear-implant users. The goal of this volume is to provide an up-to-date reference on the developments and novel ideas in the field of binaural hearing. The primary readership for the volume is expected to be academic specialists in the diverse fields that connect with psychoacoustics, neuroscience, engineering, psychology, audiology, and cochlear implants. This volume will serve as an important resource by way of introduction to the field, in particular for graduate students, postdoctoral scholars, the faculty who train them and clinicians.
Author: William G. Gardner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792381563
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
3-D Audio Using Loudspeakers is concerned with 3-D audio systems implemented using a pair of conventional loudspeakers. A well-known problem with these systems is the requirement that the listener be properly positioned for the 3-D illusion to function correctly. This book proposes using the tracked position of the listener's head to optimize the acoustical presentation, thus producing a much more realistic illusion over a larger listening area than existing loudspeaker 3-D audio systems. Head-tracking can be accomplished by applying pattern recognition techniques to images obtained from a video camera. Thus, an immersive audio environment can be created without donning headphones or other equipment. 3-D Audio Using Loudspeakers discusses the theory, implementation, and testing of a head-tracked loudspeaker 3-D audio system. Crosstalk cancellers that can be steered to the location of a tracked listener are described. The objective performance of these systems has been evaluated using simulations and acoustical measurements made at the ears of human subjects. Many sound localization experiments were also conducted; the results show that head-tracking both significantly improves localization when the listener is displaced from the ideal listening location, and also enables dynamic localization cues. Much of the theory and experimental results presented are also applicable to loudspeaker 3-D audio systems in general, not just head-tracked ones. 3-D Audio Using Loudspeakers is of interest to researchers studying virtual acoustic displays, and to engineers developing the same. The book serves as a valuable reference to anyone working in this field.
