Income Convergence During the Disintegration of the World Economy, 1919-39 PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Income Convergence During the Disintegration of the World Economy, 1919-39 PDF full book. Access full book title Income Convergence During the Disintegration of the World Economy, 1919-39 by Branko Milanovi?. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Branko Milanovi?
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Convergence (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 40
Get Book Here
Book Description
Some economists have argued that the process of disintegration of the world economy between the two world wars led to income divergence between the countries. This is in keeping with the view that economic integration leads to income convergence. The paper shows that the view that the period 1919-39 was associated with divergence of incomes among the rich countries is wrong. On the contrary, income convergence continued and even accelerated. Since the mid-19th century, incomes of rich countries tended to converge in peacetime regardless of whether their economies were more or less integrated. This, in turn, implies that it may not be trade and capital and labor flows that matter for income convergence but some other, less easily observable, forces like diffusion of information and technology.
Author: Branko Milanovi?
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Convergence (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 40
Get Book Here
Book Description
Some economists have argued that the process of disintegration of the world economy between the two world wars led to income divergence between the countries. This is in keeping with the view that economic integration leads to income convergence. The paper shows that the view that the period 1919-39 was associated with divergence of incomes among the rich countries is wrong. On the contrary, income convergence continued and even accelerated. Since the mid-19th century, incomes of rich countries tended to converge in peacetime regardless of whether their economies were more or less integrated. This, in turn, implies that it may not be trade and capital and labor flows that matter for income convergence but some other, less easily observable, forces like diffusion of information and technology.
Author: Branko Milanovic
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economia mundial
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Jan Rutkowski
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Empleo - Lituania
Languages : en
Pages : 92
Get Book Here
Book Description
Lithuania is a transition economy undergoing rapid enterprise restructuring associated with substantial job turnover. At the same time, unemployment in Lithuania is high and of long duration. This presents a puzzle: high job turnover epitomizes labor market flexibility, while high unemployment indicates labor market rigidities. What are the reasons behind this paradox? Why do the unemployed not benefit from job opportunities created by high job turnover, which entails high rates of job creation and hiring? To answer this question, the author looks at three perspectives on labor market flexibility: 1) The macroeconomic perspective-A flexible labor market is one that facilitates full use and efficient allocation of labor resources. 2) The worker perspective-A flexible labor market means ease in finding a job paying a wage adequate to the worker's effort and skills. 3) The employer perspective-A flexible labor market does not unduly constrain the employer's ability to adjust employment and wages to changing market conditions. The author looks at all three dimensions of labor market flexibility by analyzing job reallocation, worker transitions across labor force states, wage distribution, and regulatory constraints faced by employers. He focuses on the issue of job creation and job destruction, using micro level data on all registered firms. He finds that flexibility in one dimension can concur with rigidities in the other. Specifically, employers in Lithuania have a substantial degree of flexibility with employment adjustment coupled with limited flexibility to wage adjustment due to a high statutory minimum wage. The relatively rigid wage structure locks low productivity workers who are preponderant among the unemployed. The low-skilled long-term unemployed have become marginalized and unable to successfully compete for available jobs, while the high job turnover is accounted for largely by job-to-job transitions. As a result, a dynamic labor market coincides with a stagnant unemployment pool.
Author: Giuseppe Nicoletti
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Antitrust law
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Get Book Here
Book Description
In this paper, we relate the scope and depth of regulatory reforms to growth outcomes in OECD countries. By means of a new set of quantitative indicators of regulation, we show that the cross-country variation of regulatory settings has increased in recent years, despite extensive liberalisation and privatisation in the OECD area. We then look at the regulation-growth linkage using data that cover a large set of manufacturing and service industries over the past two decades. We focus on multifactor productivity (MFP), which plays a crucial role in GDP growth and accounts for a significant share of its cross-country variance. We find evidence that reforms promoting private governance and competition (where these are viable) tend to boost productivity. Both privatisation and entry liberalisation are estimated to have a positive impact on productivity. In manufacturing the gains are greater the further a given country is from the technology leader, suggesting that regulation limiting ...
Author: Yohan Payan
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0128040602
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Get Book Here
Book Description
Biomechanics of Living Organs: Hyperelastic Constitutive Laws for Finite Element Modeling is the first book to cover finite element biomechanical modeling of each organ in the human body. This collection of chapters from the leaders in the field focuses on the constitutive laws for each organ. Each author introduces the state-of-the-art concerning constitutive laws and then illustrates the implementation of such laws with Finite Element Modeling of these organs. The focus of each chapter is on instruction, careful derivation and presentation of formulae, and methods. When modeling tissues, this book will help users determine modeling parameters and the variability for particular populations. Chapters highlight important experimental techniques needed to inform, motivate, and validate the choice of strain energy function or the constitutive model. Remodeling, growth, and damage are all covered, as is the relationship of constitutive relationships of organs to tissue and molecular scale properties (as net organ behavior depends fundamentally on its sub components). This book is intended for professionals, academics, and students in tissue and continuum biomechanics. Covers hyper elastic frameworks for large tissue deformations Considers which strain energy functions are the most appropriate to model the passive and active states of living tissue Evaluates the physical meaning of proposed energy functions
Author: Raymond W. Baker
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471644889
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 106
Get Book Here
Book Description
For over forty years in more than sixty countries, Raymond Baker has witnessed the free-market system operating illicitly and corruptly, with devastating consequences. In Capitalism’s Achilles Heel, Baker takes readers on a fascinating journey through the global free-market system and reveals how dirty money, poverty, and inequality are inextricably intertwined. Readers will discover how small illicit transactions lead to massive illegalities and how staggering global income disparities are worsened by the illegalities that permeate international capitalism. Drawing on his experiences, Baker shows how Western banks and businesses use secret transactions and ignore laws while handling some $1 trillion in illicit proceeds each year. He also illustrates how businesspeople, criminals, and kleptocrats perfect the same techniques to shift funds and how these tactics negatively affect individuals, institutions, and countries.
Author: Roger White
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1849807213
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 233
Get Book Here
Book Description
This unique book synthesizes and extends the immigrant trade literature and provides comprehensive coverage of this timely and important topic. In that vein, the author contributes to the understanding of the relationship between immigration and trade and sheds light on a noteworthy aspect of globalization that both confronts policymakers with challenges and offers the potential to overcome them. Roger White documents the pro-trade influences that immigrants have on US imports from, and exports to, their respective home countries. Variations in the immigrant trade link are addressed, as are the underlying factors that may determine the existence and operability of that link. The findings have direct implications for US immigration policy, suggesting that too few immigrants are currently admitted to the country and that a more liberal immigration policy may enhance social welfare. This book contains valuable economic analyses for undergraduates, postgraduates, researchers, educated laypersons and practitioners who are interested in public policy, international trade and economics, migration studies, international relations and globalization.
Author: United Nations
Publisher: Zed Books
ISBN: 9781842778340
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 456
Get Book Here
Book Description
This publication sets out an empirical analysis of the impact of economic liberalisation and globalisation on inequality, poverty and development, including recent trends in economic growth, income distribution and global inequalities, and the comparative experiences of countries that have pursued different economic policies.
Author: Paul Hirst
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0745697348
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 247
Get Book Here
Book Description
'Globalization' is one of the key concepts of our time. It is used by both the right and the left as the cornerstone of their analysis of the international economy and polity. In both political and academic discussions, the assumption is commonly made that the process of economic globalization is well under way and that this represents a qualitatively new stage in the development of international capitalism. But is there in fact such a thing as a genuinely global economy? Globalization in Question investigates this notion, providing a very different account of the international economy and stressing the possibilities for its continued and extended governance. The new edition of this best-selling text has been thoroughly revised and updated to take into account new issues which have become salient in the period since the first and second editions were published. Several new chapters have been added and others combined or re-written to assess the growing supra-national regionalization of the international economy, the emergence of India and China as new super-powers, and the possibilities for the continued governance of the global system. A new author has been added to strengthen the analytical embrace of the book given the untimely death of Paul Hirst in 2003. Globalization in Question's third edition is a continuing intervention into current discussions about the nature and prospects of globalization. The book has far-reaching implications which will be of interest to students and academics in a number of disciplines including politics, sociology, economics and geography, as well as to journalists and policy-makers.
Author: Jomo Kwame Sundaram
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 280
Get Book Here
Book Description
The volume consists of historical surveys of North-South cross-border economic flows and their impact on the Third World. Each chapter discusses international trade, investment, finance, and labor from the late nineteenth century to the present.
