In Situ Remediation of DNAPL Compounds in Low Permeability Media Fate/transport, in Situ Control Technologies, and Risk Reduction PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In this project, in situ remediation technologies are being tested and evaluated for both source control and mass removal of dense, non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) compounds in low permeability media (LPM). This effort is focused on chlorinated solvents (e.g., trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene) in the vadose and saturated zones of low permeability, massive deposits, and stratified deposits with inter-bedded clay lenses. The project includes technology evaluation and screening analyses and field-scale testing at both clean and contaminated sites in the US and Canada. Throughout this project, activities have been directed at understanding the processes that influence DNPAL compound migration and treatment in LPM and to assessing the operation and performance of the remediation technologies developed and tested. Selected papers are indexed separately for inclusion in the Energy Science and Technology Database.
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Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In this project, in situ remediation technologies are being tested and evaluated for both source control and mass removal of dense, non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) compounds in low permeability media (LPM). This effort is focused on chlorinated solvents (e.g., trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene) in the vadose and saturated zones of low permeability, massive deposits, and stratified deposits with inter-bedded clay lenses. The project includes technology evaluation and screening analyses and field-scale testing at both clean and contaminated sites in the US and Canada. Throughout this project, activities have been directed at understanding the processes that influence DNPAL compound migration and treatment in LPM and to assessing the operation and performance of the remediation technologies developed and tested. Selected papers are indexed separately for inclusion in the Energy Science and Technology Database.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
The overall goal of the program of activities is to demonstrate robust and cost-effective technologies for in situ remediation of DNAPL compounds in low permeability media (LPM), including adaptations and enhancements of conventional technologies to achieve improved performance for DNAPLs in LPM. The technologies sought should be potential for application at simple, small sites (e.g., gasoline underground storage tanks) as well as at complex, larger sites (e.g., DOE land treatment units). The technologies involved in the X-231A demonstration at Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PORTS) utilized subsurface manipulation of the LPM through soil fracturing with thermally enhanced mass recovery or horizontal barrier in place destruction. To enable field evaluation of these approaches, a set of four test cells was established at the X-231A land treatment unit at the DOE PORTS plant in August 1996 and a series of demonstration field activities occurred through December 1997. The principal objectives of the PORTS X-231A demonstration were to: determine and compare the operational features of hydraulic fractures as an enabling technology for steam and hot air enhanced soil vapor extraction and mass recovery, in situ interception and reductive destruction by zero valent iron, and in situ interception and oxidative destruction by potassium permanganate; determine the interaction of the delivered agents with the LPM matrix adjacent to the fracture and within the fractured zone and assess the beneficial modifications to the transport and/or reaction properties of the LPM deposit; and determine the remediation efficiency achieved by each of the technology strategies.
Author: Donald F. Lowe
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849341175
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
A $19.3 million Department of Defense grant to Rice University funds the Advanced Applied Technology Demonstration Facility (AATDF). One of the project goals is the development of reduction strategies for nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in the subsurface. Surfactants and Cosolvents for NAPL Remediation records the results of AATDF research. The manual is a guide to the practical application of surfactants/cosolvent for in situ remediation. It is targeted to decision makers and anyone concerned with the design or implementation of these technologies. The book discusses the situational viability of surfactants/cosolvents , the possible results, design, and operation. It includes case studies, step-by-step guidance, and project cost work sheets. The successful results of the AATDF research, as documented Surfactants and Cosolvents for NAPL Remediation, are an invaluable contribution to the future of subsurface remediation. Without source NAPL reduction, the alternative is decades of plume management through pump-and-treat.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages : 1168
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Chlorocarbons like trichloroethylene (TCE) are common contaminants of concern at US Department of Energy (DOE) facilities and industrial sites across the US and abroad. These contaminants of concern are present in source areas and in soil and ground water plumes as dissolved or sorbed phase constituents as well as dense nonaqueous-phase liquids (DNAPLs). These DNAPL compounds can be released to the environment through a variety of means including leaks in storage tanks and transfer lines, spills during transportation, and land treatment of wastes. When DNAPL compounds are present in low permeability media (LPM) like silt and clay layers or deposits, there are major challenges with assessment of their behavior and implementation of effective in situ remediation technologies. This report describes a field demonstration that was conducted at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PORTS) Clean Test Site (CTS) to evaluate the feasibility of permeation and dispersal of reagents into LPM. Various reagents and tracers were injected at seven test cells primarily to evaluate the feasibility of delivery, but also to evaluate the effects of the injected reagents on LPM. The various reagents and tracers were injected at the PORTS CTS using a multi-port injection system (MPIS) developed and provided by Hayward Baker Environmental, Inc.
Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428903208
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309065496
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 301
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Book Description
This book presents a comprehensive, up-to-date review of technologies for cleaning up contaminants in groundwater and soil. It provides a special focus on three classes of contaminants that have proven very difficult to treat once released to the subsurface: metals, radionuclides, and dense nonaqueous-phase liquids such as chlorinated solvents. Groundwater and Soil Cleanup was commissioned by the Department of Energy (DOE) as part of its program to clean up contamination in the nuclear weapons production complex. In addition to a review of remediation technologies, the book describes new trends in regulation of contaminated sites and assesses DOE's program for developing new subsurface cleanup technologies.
Author: Robert L. Siegrist
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
- Chapter 1: An overview of chemical oxidation including its development and application for in situ treatment of contaminated sites. The oxidation chemistry of Fenton's reagent, permanganate, and ozone are highlighted along with optional methods of oxidant delivery for in situ application. The results of lab-and field-scale applications are summarized.- Chapter 2: A description of the principles and processes of chemical oxidation using potassium or sodium permanganate for organic chemical degradation, including reaction stoichiometry, equilibria, and kinetics, as well as the effects of environmental factors.- Chapter 3: Information provided on the effects of permanganate on the behavior of metals.- Chapter 4: A discussion of the potential for permeability loss and other secondary effects during in situ oxidation using permanganate.- Chapter 5: A description of optional methods of oxidant delivery for in situ remediation.- Chapter 6: A description of a process for evaluation, design, and implementation of permanganate systems.- Chapter 7: A detailed description of five different applications of an in situ chemical oxidation using potassium or sodium permanganate.- Chapter 8: Highlights of the current status and future directions of this remediation technology.
Author: Hans F. Stroo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441914013
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 807
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Book Description
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, our nation began to grapple with the legacy of past disposal practices for toxic chemicals. With the passage in 1980 of the Comprehensive Envir- mental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), commonly known as Sup- fund, it became the law of the land to remediate these sites. The U. S. Department of Defense (DoD), the nation’s largest industrial organization, also recognized that it too had a legacy of contaminated sites. Historic operations at Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps facilities, ranges, manufacturing sites, shipyards, and depots had resulted in widespread contamination of soil, groundwater, and sediment. While Superfund began in 1980 to focus on remediation of heavily contaminated sites largely abandoned or neglected by the private sector, the DoD had already initiated its Installation Restoration Program in the mid-1970s. In 1984, the DoD began the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP) for contaminated site assessment and remediation. Two years later, the U. S. Congress codified the DERP and directed the Secretary of Defense to carry out a concurrent program of research, development, and demonstration of innovative remediation technologies. As chronicled in the 1994 National Research Council report, “Ranking Hazardous-Waste Sites for Remedial Action,” our early estimates on the cost and suitability of existing techn- ogies for cleaning up contaminated sites were wildly optimistic. Original estimates, in 1980, projected an average Superfund cleanup cost of a mere $3.
