Improving Carbohydrate Recovery from Uncatalyzed Steam Pretreated Hybrid Poplar PDF Download
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Author: Chang Dou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biomass chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
The presence of SO2 in steam pretreatment creates a series of problems in environmental protection, equipment corrosion, chemical catalysis and waste water treatment. Moreover, SO2 increases the pretreatment severity, resulting in more sugar degradation and increased inhibitor formation. In this study, hybrid poplar chips were steam exploded using 6 different conditions with or without the addition of SO2. The steaming temperature ranged from 190 °C to 212 °C, and the residence time ranged from 5 min to 10 min, resulting in a range of fermentation inhibitors, including furfural, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), acetic acid and phenolic. It was found that certain concentration of inhibitors, particularly acetic acid, could promote the ethanol yield in hydrolysate fermentation, but always impairs the xylitol yield due to the acetyled xylan in hybrid poplar. At the lowest pretreatment severity condition at 205 °C, 10 minutes, without SO2, the best inhibitor concentration for ethanol yield and the highest overall sugar recovery following pretreatment were achieved. However, since no SO2 was applied, poor digestibility during enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose reduced the post-hydrolysis sugar recovery. For that reason, mechanical refining was applied to the solid fractions and improved the enzymatic hydrolysis for solids pretreated at 205 °C for 10 minutes, without SO2 as much as 23 %. Similar improvements were observed for different enzyme loadings and solid consistencies. However, refining did not improve the hydrolyzability of solids pretreated at five other conditions. Reduced particle sizes were found to be correlated to increased sugar yields in enzymatic hydrolysis. Solids pretreated at 205 °C 10 minutes, without SO2 exhibited the largest size reduction after refining and correspondingly achieved the highest overall sugar recovery improvement after steam pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. In general, refining can enable a catalyst free, low inhibitor concentration, high overall sugar recovery bioconversion system based on the steam pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis method.
Author: Chang Dou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biomass chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
The presence of SO2 in steam pretreatment creates a series of problems in environmental protection, equipment corrosion, chemical catalysis and waste water treatment. Moreover, SO2 increases the pretreatment severity, resulting in more sugar degradation and increased inhibitor formation. In this study, hybrid poplar chips were steam exploded using 6 different conditions with or without the addition of SO2. The steaming temperature ranged from 190 °C to 212 °C, and the residence time ranged from 5 min to 10 min, resulting in a range of fermentation inhibitors, including furfural, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), acetic acid and phenolic. It was found that certain concentration of inhibitors, particularly acetic acid, could promote the ethanol yield in hydrolysate fermentation, but always impairs the xylitol yield due to the acetyled xylan in hybrid poplar. At the lowest pretreatment severity condition at 205 °C, 10 minutes, without SO2, the best inhibitor concentration for ethanol yield and the highest overall sugar recovery following pretreatment were achieved. However, since no SO2 was applied, poor digestibility during enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose reduced the post-hydrolysis sugar recovery. For that reason, mechanical refining was applied to the solid fractions and improved the enzymatic hydrolysis for solids pretreated at 205 °C for 10 minutes, without SO2 as much as 23 %. Similar improvements were observed for different enzyme loadings and solid consistencies. However, refining did not improve the hydrolyzability of solids pretreated at five other conditions. Reduced particle sizes were found to be correlated to increased sugar yields in enzymatic hydrolysis. Solids pretreated at 205 °C 10 minutes, without SO2 exhibited the largest size reduction after refining and correspondingly achieved the highest overall sugar recovery improvement after steam pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. In general, refining can enable a catalyst free, low inhibitor concentration, high overall sugar recovery bioconversion system based on the steam pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis method.
Author: Thalita Peixoto Basso
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789849373
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Book Description
This book offers a broad understanding of bioethanol production from sugarcane, although a few other substrates, except corn, will also be mentioned. The 10 chapters are grouped in five sections. The Fuel Ethanol Production from Sugarcane in Brazil section consists of two chapters dealing with the first-generation ethanol Brazilian industrial process. The Strategies for Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreatment section deals with emerging physicochemical methods for biomass pretreatment, and the non-conventional biomass source for lignocellulosic ethanol production addresses the potential of weed biomass as alternative feedstock. In the Recent Approaches for Increasing Fermentation Efficiency of Lignocellulosic Ethanol section, potential and research progress using thermophile bacteria and yeasts is presented, taking advantage of microorganisms involved in consolidating or simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation processes. Finally, the Recent Advances in Ethanol Fermentation section presents the use of cold plasma and hydrostatic pressure to increase ethanol production efficiency. Also in this section the use of metabolic-engineered autotrophic cyanobacteria to produce ethanol from carbon dioxide is mentioned.
Author: Anuj Chandel
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535111191
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
This book provides important aspects of sustainable degradation of lignocellulosic biomass which has a pivotal role for the economic production of several value-added products and biofuels with safe environment. Different pretreatment techniques and enzymatic hydrolysis process along with the characterization of cell wall components have been discussed broadly. The following features of this book attribute its distinctiveness: This book comprehensively covers the improvement in methodologies for the biomass pretreatment, hemicellulose and cellulose breakdown into fermentable sugars, the analytical methods for biomass characterization, and bioconversion of cellulosics into biofuels. In addition, mechanistic analysis of biomass pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis have been discussed in details, highlighting key factors influencing these processes at industrial scale.
Author: Miodrag Darko Matovic
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535111051
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 556
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Book Description
This two-volume book on biomass is a reflection of the increase in biomass related research and applications, driven by overall higher interest in sustainable energy and food sources, by increased awareness of potentials and pitfalls of using biomass for energy, by the concerns for food supply and by multitude of potential biomass uses as a source material in organic chemistry, bringing in the concept of bio-refinery. It reflects the trend in broadening of biomass related research and an increased focus on second-generation bio-fuels. Its total of 40 chapters spans over diverse areas of biomass research, grouped into 9 themes.
Author: S.I. Mussatto
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128025611
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 676
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Book Description
Biomass Fractionation Technologies for a Lignocellulosic Feedstock-based Biorefinery reviews the extensive research and tremendous scientific and technological developments that have occurred in the area of biorefinering, including industrial processes and product development using ‘green technologies’, often referred as white biotechnology. As there is a huge need for new design concepts for modern biorefineries as an alternative and amendment to industrial crude oil and gas refineries, this book presents the most important topics related to biomass fractionation, including advances, challenges, and perspectives, all with references to current literature for further study. Presented in 26 chapters by international field specialists, each chapter consists of review text that comprises the most recent advances, challenges, and perspectives for each fractionation technique. The book is an indispensable reference for all professionals, students, and workers involved in biomass biorefinery, assisting them in establishing efficient and economically viable process technologies for biomass fractionation. Provides information on the most advanced and innovative pretreatment processes and technologies for biomass Reviews numerous valuable products from lignocellulose Discusses integration of processes for complete biomass conversion with minimum waste generation Identifies the research gaps in scale-up Presents an indispensable reference for all professionals, students, and workers involved in biomass biorefinery, assisting them in establishing efficient and economically viable process technologies for biomass fractionation
Author: Kostas Triantafyllidis
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0444563326
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 607
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Book Description
The Role of Catalysis for the Sustainable Production of Bio-fuels and Bio-chemicals describes the importance of catalysis for the sustainable production of biofuels and biochemicals, focused primarily on the state-of-the-art catalysts and catalytic processes expected to play a decisive role in the "green" production of fuels and chemicals from biomass. In addition, the book includes general elements regarding the entire chain of biomass production, conversion, environment, economy, and life-cycle assessment. Very few books are available on catalysis in production schemes using biomass or its primary conversion products, such as bio-oil and lignin. This book fills that gap with detailed discussions of: - Catalytic pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass - Hybrid biogasoline by co-processing in FCC units - Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to biofuels (biomass-to-liquid process) - Steam reforming of bio-oils to hydrogen With energy prices rapidly rising, environmental concerns growing, and regulatory apparatus evolving, this book is a resource with tutorial, research, and technological value for chemists, chemical engineers, policymakers, and students. - Includes catalytic reaction mechanism schemes and gives a clear understanding of catalytic processes - Includes flow diagrams of bench-, pilot- and industrial-scale catalytic processing units and demonstrates the various process technologies involved, enabling easy selection of the best process - Incorporates many tables, enabling easy comparison of data based on a critical review of the available literature
Author: Ashok Pandey
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128003960
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 273
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Book Description
Pretreatment of Biomass provides general information, basic data, and knowledge on one of the most promising renewable energy sources—biomass for their pretreatment—which is one of the most essential and critical aspects of biomass-based processes development. The quest to make the environment greener, less polluted, and less hazardous has led to the concept of biorefineries for developing bio-based processes and products using biomass as a feedstock. Each kind of biomass requires some kind of pretreatment to make it suitable for bioprocess. This book provides state-of-art information on the methods currently available for this. This book provides data-based scientific information on the most advanced and innovative pretreatment of lignocellulosic and algal biomass for further processing. Pretreatment of biomass is considered one of the most expensive steps in the overall processing in a biomass-to-biofuel program. With the strong advancement in developing lignocellulose biomass- and algal biomass-based biorefineries, global focus has been on developing pretreatment methods and technologies that are technically and economically feasible. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in methods used for the pretreatment of biomass. An entire section is devoted to the methods and technologies of algal biomass due to the increasing global attention of its use. - Provides information on the most advanced and innovative pretreatament processes and technologies for biomass - Covers information on lignocellulosic and algal biomass to work on the principles of biorefinery - Useful for researchers intending to study scale-up - Provides information on integration of processes and technologies for the pretreatment of biomass
Author: Michel Brienzo
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811636826
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 508
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Book Description
This edited book provides knowledge about hemicelluloses biorefinery approaching production life cycle, circular economy, and valorization by obtaining value-added bioproducts and bioenergy. A special focus is dedicated to chemical and biochemical compounds produced from the hemicelluloses derivatives platform. Hemicelluloses are polysaccharides located into plant cell wall, with diverse chemical structures and properties. It is the second most spread organic polymer on nature and found in vast lignocellulosic materials from agro and industrial wastes, therefore, hemicelluloses are considered as abundant and renewable raw material/feedstock. Biorefinery concept contributes to hemicelluloses production associated with biomass industrial processes. Hemicelluloses are alternative sources of sugars for renewable fuels and as platform for chemicals production. This book reviews chemical processes for sugar production and degradation, obtaining of intermediate and final products, and challenges for pentose fermentation. Aspects of hemicelluloses chain chemical and enzymatic modifications are presented with focus on physicochemical properties improvement for bioplastic and biomaterial approaches. Hemicelluloses are presented as sources for advanced materials in biomedical and pharmaceutical uses, and as hydrogel for chemical and medicine deliveries. An interdisciplinary approach is needed to cover all the processes involving hemicelluloses, its conversion into final and intermediate value-added compounds, and bioenergy production. Covering this context, this book is of interest to teachers, students, researchers, and scientists dedicated to biomass valorization. This book is a knowledge source of basic aspects to advanced processing and application for graduate students, particularly. Besides, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate students (from different courses) with a deep interest in biomass and waste conversion, valorization, and chemical products from hemicelluloses
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788461698424
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 912
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Book Description
Author: Liang-tseng Fan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642725759
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Recent economic trends, especially the worldwide decline in oil prices, and an altered political climate in the United States have combined to bring about major reductions in research on renewable energy resources. Yet there is no escaping the "facts of life" with regard to these resources. The days of inexpensive fossil energy are clearly numbered, the credibility of nuclear energy has fallen to a new low, and fusion energy stands decades or more from practical realization. Sooner than we may wish ,we will have to turn to renewable raw materials - plant "biomass" and, especially, wood - as significant suppliers of energy for both industry and everyday needs. It is therefore especially important to have a single, comprehensive and current source of information on a key step in any process for the technological exploitation of woody materials, cellulose hydrolysis. Further more, it is essential that any such treatment be unbiased with respect to the two methods - chemical and biochemical - for the breakdown of cellulose to sugars. Researchers on cellulose hydrolysis have frequently been chided by persons from industry, especially those individuals concerned with determining the economic feasibility of various technological alternatives. They tell us that schemes for the utilization of wood and other such resources fly in the face of economic realities.
