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Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240096094
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240096094
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 36
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240096116
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 17
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240011870
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.
Author: Margaret Chon
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316811999
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 811
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Book Description
Public–private partnerships (PPPs) play an increasingly prominent role in addressing global development challenges. United Nations agencies and other organizations are relying on PPPs to improve global health, facilitate access to scientific information, and encourage the diffusion of climate change technologies. For this reason, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development highlights their centrality in the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). At the same time, the intellectual property dimensions and implications of these efforts remain under-examined. Through selective case studies, this illuminating work contributes to a better understanding of the relationships between PPPs and intellectual property considered within a global knowledge governance framework, that includes innovation, capacity-building, technological learning, and diffusion. Linking global governance of knowledge via intellectual property to the SDGs, this is the first book to chart the activities of PPPs at this important nexus.
Author: Tshimanga Kongolo
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317184335
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
Africa is playing an increasingly more significant role in the domain of international intellectual property law, and this book underlines the contributions made by African countries as a group to the development of the current international IP system. It examines in detail their breakthrough proposals and initiatives at the WTO, WIPO and WHO with regard to IP and public health; IP and traditional knowledge, traditional cultural expressions and genetic resources; IP and biodiversity; and exceptions and limitations to copyright. Using Botswana, Burundi, Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, South Africa and Tunisia as examples, it examines the systems under which these IP subject matters are protected. From a regional perspective, the book also analyses some initiatives taken by ARIPO, OAPI and the African Union to protect traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions, especially in relation to protection of the rights of local farming communities and breeders, regulation of access to biological resources, genetically modified organisms and the proposed establishment of the new Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization (PAIPO). Demonstrating how Africa is now an active player on the international IP scene, this book will be invaluable to those interested in intellectual property law, business and commercial law, and African and international law.
Author: Rochelle Dreyfuss
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191664669
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 992
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Book Description
This book focusses on the debates concerning aspects of intellectual property law that bear on access to medicines in a set of developing countries. Specifically, the contributors look at measures that regulate the acquisition, recognition, and use of patent rights on pharmaceuticals and trade secrets in data concerning them, along with the conditions under which these rights expire so as to permit the production of cheaper generic drugs. In addition, the book includes commentary from scholars in human rights, international institutions, and transnational activism. The case studies presented from 11 Latin American countries, have many commonalities in terms of economics, legal systems, and political histories, and yet they differ in the balance each has struck between proprietary interests and access concerns. The book documents this cross-country variation in legal norms and practice, identifies the factors that have led to differences in result, and theorizes as to how differentials among these countries occur and why they endure within a common transnational regulatory regime. The work concludes by putting the results of the investigations into a global administrative law frame and offers suggestions on institutional mechanisms for considering the trade-offs between health and wealth.
Author: Giuliana Ziccardi Capaldo
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019761874X
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1041
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Book Description
The 2020 edition marks the 20th Anniversary of The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence. The Yearbook has established itself as an authoritative source of reference on global legal issues and international jurisprudence. It includes analysis of the most significant global trends in a way that allows readers to monitor the development of the global legal order from several perspectives. The Yearbook publishes annually in a volume of carefully chosen primary source material and corresponding expert commentary. The General Editor, Professor Giuliana Ziccardi Capaldo, employs her vast expertise in international law to select excerpts from important court opinions and to choose experts from around the world to contribute essay-guides, which illuminate those cases. Although the main focus is recent case law from the major international tribunals and regional courts, the first four parts of each year's edition features expert articles by renowned scholars who address broader themes in current and future developments in international law and global policy, themes that appear throughout the case law of the many courts covered by the series as a whole. The Global Community Yearbook has thus become not just an indispensable window to recent jurisprudence: the series now also serves to prepare researchers for the issues facing emerging global law. This anniversary edition updates readers on the important work of long-standing international tribunals and introduces readers to more novel topics in international law. The journal's founding editor, Professor Emeritus Giuliana Ziccardi Capaldo, in her Editorial gives a presentation of the Yearbook's intellectual trajectory, as developed from its original roots, showing intriguing prospects for a publication that aims at the very forefront of events in law, politics, ethics, and jurisprudence in a global community. The Yearbook continues to provide expert coverage of the Court of Justice of the European Union and diverse tribunals from the International Court of Justice (ICJ), human rights courts (ECtHR, IACtHR, ACtHPR), criminal tribunals such as the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (MICT), to economically based tribunals such as ICSID and the WTO dispute settlement system. This edition contains original research articles on the development and analysis of the concept of global law and the views of the leading global law theorists on the subject of globalization. This 20th anniversary edition also includes a special section which provides an interdisciplinary overview of China's Belt and Road Initiative; and an examination of the global public health order in a post-COVID-19 world. The Yearbook provides students, scholars, and practitioners alike a valuable combination of expert discussion and direct quotes from the court opinions to which that discussion relates, as well as an annual overview of the process of cross-fertilization between international courts and tribunals.
Author: Srividhya Ragavan
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000398706
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 522
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Book Description
The history of patent harmonization is a story of dynamic actors, whose interactions with established structures shaped the patent regime. From the inception of the trade regime to include intellectual property (IP) rights to the present, this book documents the role of different sets of actors – states, transnational business corporations, or civil society groups – and their influence on the structures – such as national and international agreements, organizations, and private entities – that have caused changes to healthcare and access to medication. Presenting the debates over patents, trade, and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement), as it galvanized non-state and nonbusiness actors, the book highlights how an alternative framing and understanding of pharmaceutical patent rights emerged: as a public issue, instead of a trade or IP issue. The book thus offers an important analysis of the legal and political dynamics through which the contest for access to lifesaving medication has been, and will continue to be, fought. In addition to academics working in the areas of international law, development, and public health, this book will also be of interest to policy makers, state actors, and others with relevant concerns working in nongovernmental and international organizations.
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240008268
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
Author: Daniel Benoliel
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107098904
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 431
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Book Description
A theoretical critique of the patent and innovation policy funnelled by intellectual property instruments towards developing countries.
