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Author: Tivani Mashamba-Thompson
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783039431700
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
Scale up and implementation of new point-of-care (POC) diagnostics is a global health priority to enable the adoption of new evidence-based POC diagnostics and to replicate and extend the reach of POC diagnostics. Global private and public sector agencies have significantly increased their investment in the development of POC diagnostics to meet the unmet needs of patients in resource-limited settings, particularly disease burdened settings with limited access to laboratory infrastructure. However, previous research has demonstrated that the availability of health technologies in these settings does not always guarantee patient-centered outcomes. The applicability, effectiveness and sustainability of diagnostic technologies is affected by the involvement of all stakeholders during planning and implementation, which must be relevant to each specific context and sensitive to local culture. Factors such as infrastructure, resources, values and characteristics of participants can influence the implementation, scalability and sustainability of health interventions such as POC diagnostics. This book, "Implementation and Scale up of Point of Care (POC) Diagnostics in Resource-Limited Settings", presents literature reviews and primary research studies focusing on the implementation and scale up of POC diagnostics in resource-limited settings.
Author: Tivani Mashamba-Thompson
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783039431700
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
Get Book Here
Book Description
Scale up and implementation of new point-of-care (POC) diagnostics is a global health priority to enable the adoption of new evidence-based POC diagnostics and to replicate and extend the reach of POC diagnostics. Global private and public sector agencies have significantly increased their investment in the development of POC diagnostics to meet the unmet needs of patients in resource-limited settings, particularly disease burdened settings with limited access to laboratory infrastructure. However, previous research has demonstrated that the availability of health technologies in these settings does not always guarantee patient-centered outcomes. The applicability, effectiveness and sustainability of diagnostic technologies is affected by the involvement of all stakeholders during planning and implementation, which must be relevant to each specific context and sensitive to local culture. Factors such as infrastructure, resources, values and characteristics of participants can influence the implementation, scalability and sustainability of health interventions such as POC diagnostics. This book, "Implementation and Scale up of Point of Care (POC) Diagnostics in Resource-Limited Settings", presents literature reviews and primary research studies focusing on the implementation and scale up of POC diagnostics in resource-limited settings.
Author: Kerry Atkinson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119282640
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 790
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Book Description
A comprehensive resource describing innovative technologies and digital health tools that can revolutionize the delivery of health care in low- to middle-income countries, particularly in remote rural impoverished communities Revolutionizing Tropical Medicine offers an up-to-date guide for healthcare and other professionals working in low-resource countries where access to health care facilities for diagnosis and treatment is challenging. Rather than suggesting the expensive solution of building new bricks and mortar clinics and hospitals and increasing the number of doctors and nurses in these deprived areas, the authors propose a complete change of mindset. They outline a number of ideas for improving healthcare including rapid diagnostic testing for infectious and non-infectious diseases at a point-of-care facility, together with low cost portable imaging devices. In addition, the authors recommend a change in the way in which health care is delivered. This approach requires task-shifting within the healthcare provision system so that nurses, laboratory technicians, pharmacists and others are trained in the newly available technologies, thus enabling faster and more appropriate triage for people requiring medical treatment. This text: Describes the current burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases in low- to middle-income countries throughout the world Describes the major advances in healthcare outcomes in low-to middle-income countries derived from implementation of the United Nations/World Health Organisation’s 2000 Millennium Development Goals Provides a review of inexpensive rapid diagnostic point-of-care tests for infectious diseases in low-resource countries, particularly for people living in remote rural areas Provides a review of other rapid point-of-care services for assessing hematological function, biochemical function, renal function, hepatic function and status including hepatitis, acid-base balance, sickle cell disease, severe acute malnutrition and spirometry Explores the use of low-cost portable imaging devices for use in remote rural areas including a novel method of examining the optic fundus using a smartphone and the extensive value of portable ultrasound scanning when x-ray facilities are not available Describes the use of telemedicine in the clinical management of both children and adults in remote rural settings Looks to the future of clinical management in remote impoverished rural settings using nucleic acid identification of pathogens, the use of nanoparticles for water purification, the use of drones, the use of pulse oximetry and the use of near-infrared spectroscopy Finally, it assesses the potential for future healthcare improvement in impoverished areas and how the United Nations/World Health Organization 2015 Sustainable Development Goals are approaching this. Written for physicians, infectious disease specialists, pathologists, radiologists, nurses, pharmacists and other health care workers, as well as government healthcare managers, Revolutionizing Tropical Medicine is a new up-to-date essential and realistic guide to treating and diagnosing patients in low-resource tropical countries based on new technologies.
Author: Roger Narayan
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081000782
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
Medical Biosensors for Point of Care (POC) Applications discusses advances in this important and emerging field which has the potential to transform patient diagnosis and care. Part 1 covers the fundamentals of medical biosensors for point-of-care applications. Chapters in part 2 go on to look at materials and fabrication of medical biosensors while the next part looks at different technologies and operational techniques. The final set of chapters provide an overview of the current applications of this technology. Traditionally medical diagnostics have been dependent on sophisticated technologies which only trained professionals were able to operate. Recent research has focused on creating point-of-care diagnostic tools. These biosensors are miniaturised, portable, and are designed to be used at the point-of-care by untrained individuals, providing real-time and remote health monitoring. Provides essential knowledge for designers and manufacturers of biosensors for point-of-care applications Provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals, materials, technologies, and applications of medical biosensors for point-of-care applications Includes contributions from leading international researchers with extensive experience in developing medical biosensors Discusses advances in this important and emerging field which has the potential to transform patient diagnosis and care
Author: Melissa Latigo Mugambi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : HIV infections
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
Point-of-care (POC) devices for HIV Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) will soon become available in resource-limited settings. During the scaling-up process, it will be important to determine the types of facilities in which implementation of the device is likely to be more cost-effective. The main objective of this dissertation was to develop a model to determine the cost-effectiveness of POC device allocation strategies in Uganda's HIV EID network. We accounted for turnaround time changes that may occur with progressive POC scale-up among facilities that perform centralized testing. In Aim 1, we evaluated the association between turnaround time and result receipt under centralized testing. Data were obtained from 703 infant HIV test records for tests performed between January 2008 and February 2009 in two health facilities in Uganda. We performed multivariable modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors and included other population and health system factors. We accounted for within-clinic correlation using generalized estimating equations. We found that caregivers were less likely to receive results at turnaround times greater than 49 days compared to 28 days in a pooled sample from both facilities (RR = 0.83; p = 0.006). In Aim 2, we developed an illustrative model comprising four health facilities that conducted centralized testing among HIV-exposed infants. We used discrete-event simulation to model centralized testing, the allocation of POC devices among the facilities, and to generate turnaround time distributions for each allocation scenario. We used individual level Markov modeling to simulate caregiver return for test results and infant HIV disease progression based on findings from Aim 1 and the turnaround time distributions. We demonstrated that our model can be used at the small-scale level to select the most cost-effective allocation strategy and scale-up approach. Our model can be extended to include a larger number of health facilities and provide evidence on the cost-effectiveness of allocation strategies at the country-level. Model projections will be important in enabling decision-makers to quantify the public health and economic impact of allocation strategies.
Author: Peter Luppa
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662544970
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 451
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Book Description
The underlying technology and the range of test parameters available are evolving rapidly. The primary advantage of POCT is the convenience of performing the test close to the patient and the speed at which test results can be obtained, compared to sending a sample to a laboratory and waiting for results to be returned. Thus, a series of clinical applications are possible that can shorten the time for clinical decision-making about additional testing or therapy, as delays are no longer caused by preparation of clinical samples, transport, and central laboratory analysis. Tests in a POC format can now be found for many medical disciplines including endocrinology/diabetes, cardiology, nephrology, critical care, fertility, hematology/coagulation, infectious disease and microbiology, and general health screening. Point-of-care testing (POCT) enables health care personnel to perform clinical laboratory testing near the patient. The idea of conventional and POCT laboratory services presiding within a hospital seems contradictory; yet, they are, in fact, complementary: together POCT and central laboratory are important for the optimal functioning of diagnostic processes. They complement each other, provided that a dedicated POCT coordination integrates the quality assurance of POCT into the overall quality management system of the central laboratory. The motivation of the third edition of the POCT book from Luppa/Junker, which is now also available in English, is to explore and describe clinically relevant analytical techniques, organizational concepts for application and future perspectives of POCT. From descriptions of the opportunities that POCT can provide to the limitations that clinician’s must be cautioned about, this book provides an overview of the many aspects that challenge those who choose to implement POCT. Technologies, clinical applications, networking issues and quality regulations are described as well as a survey of future technologies that are on the future horizon. The editors have spent considerable efforts to update the book in general and to highlight the latest developments, e.g., novel POCT applications of nucleic acid testing for the rapid identification of infectious agents. Of particular note is also that a cross-country comparison of POCT quality rules is being described by a team of international experts in this field.
Author: Gerald J. Kost
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781594251726
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Laura J. Frost
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780674032156
Category : Health services accessibility
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Many people in developing countries lack access to health technologies. Why does this problem persist? What can be done to improve access, especially for the poor in poor countries? Frost offers a comprehensive analytical framework for access and examines six case studies to explain why some health technologies achieved more access than others.
Author: Stefanos Zenios
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521517427
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 779
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Book Description
Recognize market opportunities, master the design process, and develop business acumen with this 'how-to' guide to medical technology innovation. Outlining a systematic, proven approach for innovation - identify, invent, implement - and integrating medical, engineering, and business challenges with real-world case studies, this book provides a practical guide for students and professionals.
Author: Mark Shephard OAM
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN: 1486305202
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 650
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Book Description
Point-of-care testing (POCT) refers to pathology testing performed in a clinical setting at the time of patient consultation, generating a rapid test result that enables informed and timely clinical action to be taken on patient care. It offers patients greater convenience and access to health services and helps to improve clinical outcomes. POCT also provides innovative solutions for the detection and management of chronic, acute and infectious diseases, in settings including family practices, Indigenous medical services, community health facilities, rural and remote areas and in developing countries, where health-care services are often geographically isolated from the nearest pathology laboratory. A Practical Guide to Global Point-of-Care Testing shows health professionals how to set up and manage POCT services under a quality-assured, sustainable, clinically and culturally effective framework, as well as understand the wide global scope and clinical applications of POCT. The book is divided into three major themes: the management of POCT services, a global perspective on the clinical use of POCT, and POCT for specific clinical settings. Chapters within each theme are written by experts and explore wide-ranging topics such as selecting and evaluating devices, POCT for diabetes, coagulation disorders, HIV, malaria and Ebola, and the use of POCT for disaster management and in extreme environments. Figures are included throughout to illustrate the concepts, principles and practice of POCT. Written for a broad range of practicing health professionals from the fields of medical science, health science, nursing, medicine, paramedic science, Indigenous health, public health, pharmacy, aged care and sports medicine, A Practical Guide to Global Point-of-Care Testing will also benefit university students studying these health-related disciplines.
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240019103
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
