Hydraulic Testing of Multi-Component Geosynthetic Clay Liners PDF Download
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Author: Kent P. von Maubeuge
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coating barrier
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
Multi-component geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) are a new variation of GCLs or GBR-Cs (Geosynthethic Clay Barriers--CEN and ISO definition) and are fast growing in the current sealing applications. During the manufacturing process, the "classic" geosynthetic clay liners are combined with either an adhered film, coating, or membrane that can decrease the hydraulic conductivity of the product but can also add other features. ASTM D5887 [2009, "Standard Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter," Annual Book of ASTM Standards, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA] is the standard test method for hydraulic testing/testing the index flux through saturated geosynthetic clay liner specimens using a flexible wall permeameter. It gives guidance for testing procedures and apparatus but it is noted in the standard that it may not be applicable to GCL products with geomembrane backing(s). In this paper, results will be shown of the testing of the different multi-component geosynthetic clay liners using exactly the ASTM D5887 procedure. Further modifications will be discussed to allow testing according to this method and suggestions for a new method will be presented.
Author: Kent P. von Maubeuge
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coating barrier
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
Multi-component geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) are a new variation of GCLs or GBR-Cs (Geosynthethic Clay Barriers--CEN and ISO definition) and are fast growing in the current sealing applications. During the manufacturing process, the "classic" geosynthetic clay liners are combined with either an adhered film, coating, or membrane that can decrease the hydraulic conductivity of the product but can also add other features. ASTM D5887 [2009, "Standard Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter," Annual Book of ASTM Standards, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA] is the standard test method for hydraulic testing/testing the index flux through saturated geosynthetic clay liner specimens using a flexible wall permeameter. It gives guidance for testing procedures and apparatus but it is noted in the standard that it may not be applicable to GCL products with geomembrane backing(s). In this paper, results will be shown of the testing of the different multi-component geosynthetic clay liners using exactly the ASTM D5887 procedure. Further modifications will be discussed to allow testing according to this method and suggestions for a new method will be presented.
Author: K. P. von Maubeuge
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Flow rate
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Book Description
A procedure was developed that combines measuring devices from NF EN 14150 for flow rate measurement through geomembranes and a rigid wall permeameter from NF P84-705. The new procedure aims at measuring flow rates through geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) in order to measure flow rates through multi-component GCLs. The resulting testing device allows one to measure very small variations in volume with time while applying constant hydraulic pressures. The pressure difference applied on both sides of the multi-component GCL specimens varied between 25 kPa and 100 kPa, with the latter value being equal to the one applied across geomembranes in NF EN 14150. Three different multi-component GCLs from two different manufacturers were tested in order to determine the ability of the testing equipment to quantify the flow rate through multi-component GCLs. The flow rate measurement was performed after a hydration phase under very low hydraulic head and with a 10 kPa normal load on the specimens in accordance with NF P84-705. Details regarding the experimental conditions that could lead to the development of a standard for the measurement of flow rates through multi-component GCLs are given. Results obtained tend to show that flow rates are 1 order of magnitude larger than the ones usually measured for virgin geomembranes (i.e., 10-5 m3/m2/d).
Author: Kent von Maubeuge
Publisher: ASTM International
ISBN: 9780803175488
Category : Clay
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
"Peer-reviewed papers that were presented at a symposium held June 29, 2012 in San Diego, CA"
Author: Kent P. von Maubeuge
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coating
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Book Description
Multi-component geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) are a new variation of GCLs and are fast growing in the current sealing applications. During the manufacturing process the "classic" geosynthetic clay liners are combined with either an attached film, coating, or membrane that can decrease the hydraulic conductivity of the product but can also add other features. ASTM D 6496 and EN ISO test methods give some guidance for testing the peel strength of GCLs. However, in the past multi-component GCLs were not tested according to ASTM or EN ISO test methods. To be able to suggest modifications on these test methods it is necessary to investigate the methods with current multi-component GCLs. Therefore this paper will present results on peel and shear data under varying conditions. Findings in how to separate the coating or adhered film and how they can be used in current test apparatus will be discussed. In the past, correlation data between shear and peel were published and will be updated with multi-component GCLs. The results of peel and internal shear testing will be evaluated, compared, and presented in this paper. Furthermore external shear test with different multi-component geosynthetic clay liners against different soil types will be presented and discussed in this paper. This basic work will be further discussed with ASTM for the development of a Standard test method for peel testing for multi-component geosynthetic clay liners.
Author: B. Kennedy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Abrasion testing
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
Geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) are used in numerous applications from earth-work-related projects such as ponds and landfills to concrete-related work such as waterproofing applications. Multi-component GCLs have been used extensively in the past two decades; however, some multi-component GCLs should be used only in specific applications and should not be used in earth-work-related projects where abrasion-type damages might occur. Two types of multi-component GCLs were used in various shear box tests to help simulate potential abrasion-type damages that might occur in field projects. A polypropylene-coated GCL and a polyethylene-laminated geofilm GCL were subjected to various subgrade conditions to determine whether damage occurred. However, it should be said that multi-component GCLs are made and offered to eliminate some unknown factors on projects such as a lack of subgrade information provided prior to deployment start up, and thus there is a need for them.
Author: Zehong Yuan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Boundary effect
Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Book Description
The internal shear strength of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) can be evaluated through direct shear testing in accordance with ASTM D6243 under a specific set of boundary conditions for a given normal stress. In order to prevent slippage at the GCL-gripping system interface and ensure an internal shear failure of the GCL, a gripping surface made of spikes 1 to 2mm tall mounted on a rigid substrate is recommended in the standard method and has been commonly used. It is recognized that certain boundary effects exist as a result of the aggressive gripping system. To improve the hydraulic performance and/or protect the bentonite core, a multi-component GCL is designed to have a thin membrane or film laminated or glued to one of the carrier geotextiles. It is necessary to investigate the boundary effect on the multi-component GCL internal shear strength tests, because the film- or membrane-geotextile interface is more prone to interference from the rough gripping surface recommended by the current standard. A series of internal shear strength tests were conducted on the same multi-component GCL product under different gripping conditions. It was found that tests using the aggressive gripping system yield a significantly higher peak shear strength of the multi-component GCL and a lower residual shear strength at large displacements.
Author: Larry W. Well
Publisher: ASTM International
ISBN: 0803124716
Category : Geosynthetics
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
An engineering perspective on the liners, which are used as barriers for containing liquid and in conjunction with geomembranes in landfills and capping systems. Explore aspects of testing for shear strength and long-term creep, issues and methods of testing for hydraulic conductivity, and specifica
Author: Robert E. Mackey
Publisher: ASTM International
ISBN: 0803134843
Category : Clay
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
Soon after the inception of ASTM D35.04 Subcommittee on Geosynthetic Clay Liners, the first symposium on Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs), STP 1308, was held on 29 January 1996, in Atlanta, Georgia. The intention of the symposium was to bring together the current knowledge and understanding regarding this relatively new product used in containment systems. Since that symposium, numerous GCL standards have been developed along with a greater appreciation of the product's capabilities and limitations. ASTM D35 determined it was time to assess the current state of GCL technology to better address possible revisions of the present ASTM GCL standards and determine what new standards will be required in the future.
Author: J. D. Ross
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cyclic shear
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
The design of a petrochemical processing and storage facility involved evaluation of several secondary containment liner options. One of the options considered was a needlepunch-reinforced woven/nonwoven geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) with a polyethylene geofilm laminated to the nonwoven side. Since the project site was located in a seismically-active area, design engineers were concerned about the ability of the multi-component GCL to withstand seismic loads. To assess the potential for damage to the GCL when subjected to seismic loads, a cyclic shear test of the proposed liner cross-section (sand/multi-component GCL/sand) was performed using a large dynamic direct shear machine, capable of applying static and dynamic loads to soil and geosynthetic specimens. Cyclic shear testing under a normal stress of 100 kPa found that shearing occurred at the sand/geofilm interface, with the GCL sustaining no visible damage even after 25 cycles of loading with a displacement amplitude of 20mm and a frequency of 1 Hz. Material property tests performed on pre-cyclic and post-cyclic GCL samples provided additional evidence that the GCL specimen did not sustain damage due to cyclic loading. The cyclic shear testing procedure described in this paper could be useful for not only evaluating the performance of liner systems during seismic events, but also for evaluating the potential for liner system damage due to dynamic equipment loading during installation and soil covering operations.
Author: K. P. von Maubeuge
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Advective flow
Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Book Description
Three different multicomponent geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) from different manufacturers are tested in a transmissivity cell with a new testing procedure to quantify the flow rate and the interface transmissivity between the coating or attached film presenting a hole and the upper geotextile of the GCL. The testing device was previously used in studies aiming to evaluate the interface transmissivity between a damaged geomembrane (GM) and a regular GCL. Different results are obtained regarding the evolution with the time of the flow rate ranging from 1.73 x 10-11 m3/s to 2.18 x 10-10 m3/s at steady state, which is on average in the range of flow rate results obtained with a GM-GCL composite liner. Additional tests performed by adding a GM on top give lower values of flow rates. This shows the importance of the film or coating rigidity for decreasing flow rate and insuring a better quality contact at the interface.
