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Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 728
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Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 728
Get Book Here
Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author: D. Drahovsky
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642736424
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 191
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Book Description
To scientists, oncology means research on the disease of cancer. The connection between basic research and clinical oncology, however, is not always very clear. Basic research sometimes appears to be an art that is practiced for its own sake and admired for its perfection. The clinician wishes to interpret the issues addressed by basic research, as he is eager to obtain answers to the questions that clinical oncology leaves open. These are, among others, questions as to the etiology and pathogenesis of neoplasma in human beings. In spite of all the technological advances during the past 10 years, the guidelines for new treatments of human leukemias and tumors are still unsatisfactory. The dialogue between researchers and clinicians must never cease, so that these questions can be formulated in such a way that science may be able to answer them. Both parties should cooperate whenever this is useful and possible. Prospectively planned clinical trials on the diagnosis and therapy of neoplasias offer a good opportunity for research involving patients. Tumor and/or blood tests run by reference laboratories on a great number of patients with the same diagnosis can lead to clinically relevant basic research. Using clinical studies in basic research programs permits us to trace missing pieces in the puzzle of cancer and put them into place.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Category : Cells
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Christopher Benz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461530881
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
The first edition of Oncogenes (1989) focused on several of the better known transforming mechanisms and surveyed a spectrum of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Several of the nearly 50 known oncogenes most relevant to human disease were examined. In contrast, this volume presents a very different profile and balance of subject material that reflects the rapidly changing field of molecular oncology and its newly emerging concepts. Among the most important discoveries of the past 4 years are the identification of nearly a dozen different tumor suppressor genes and the finding of an entirely new class of cancer-causing gene (bcl-2) that acts by inhibiting cell death rather than stimulating cell proliferation. This edition begins by reviewing selected malignancies in which our earlier search for clinically relevant oncogenes has led to more focused studies on gain-of-function and loss-of-function genetic abnormalities, as well as autocrine and paracrine growth factor loops known to regulate tumor physiology and malignant cell behavior. Curiously, many of these genetic and functional abnormalities are shared by several different tumor types and are not uniformly present in all tumors of the same type. This observation brings up molecular questions about the tissue-specific determinants that underlie individual cancers and also gives added impetus to the suggestion that molecular abnormalities (referred to as tumor markers) be included among the histopathologic features used for clinical diagnosis and manage ment.
Author: Ahmedin Jemal
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781604432282
Category : Cancer
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This atlas illustrates the latest available data on the cancer epidemic, showing causes, stages of development, and prevalence rates of different types of cancers by gender, income group, and region. It also examines the cost of the disease, both in terms of health care and commercial interests, and the steps being taken to curb the epidemic, from research and screening to cancer management programs and health education.
Author: Erle S. Robertson
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030041557
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Book Description
This book ventures into a new and exciting area of discovery that directly ties our current knowledge of cancer to the discovery of microorganisms associated with different types of cancers. Recent studies demonstrate that microorganisms are directly linked to the establishment of cancers and that they can also contribute to the initiation, as well as persistence of, the cancers. Microbiome and Cancer covers the current knowledge of microbiome and its association with human cancers. It provides important reading for novices, senior undergraduates in cancer and microbiology, graduate students, junior investigators, residents, fellows and established investigators in the fields of cancer and microbiology. We cover areas related to known, broad concepts in microbiology and how they can relate to the ongoing discoveries of the micro-environment and the changes in the metabolic and physiologic states in that micro-environment, which are important for the ongoing nurturing and survival of the poly-microbial content that dictates activities in that micro-environment. We cover the interactions of microorganisms associated with gastric carcinomas, which are important for driving this particular cancer. Additional areas include oral cancers, skin cancers, ovarian cancers, breast cancers, nasopharyngeal cancers, lung cancers, mesotheliomas, Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, glioblastoma multiforme, hepatocellular carcinomas, as well as the inflammatory response related to the infectious agents in cancers. This book covers the metabolic changes that occur because of infection and their support for development of cancers, chronic infection and development of therapeutic strategies for detection and control of the infection. The field of microbiome research has exploded over the last five years, and we are now understanding more and more about the context in which microorganisms can contribute to the onset of cancers in humans. The field of microbiome research has demonstrated that the human body has specific biomes for tissues and that changes in these biomes at the specific organ sites can result in disease. These changes can result in dramatic differences in metabolic shifts that, together with genetic mutations, will produce the perfect niche for establishment of the particular infection programmes in that organ site. We are just beginning to understand what those changes are and how they influence the disease state. Overall, we hope to bring together the varying degrees of fluctuations in the microbiome at the major organ sites and how these changes affect the normal cellular processes because of dysregulation, leading to proliferation of the associated tissues.
Author: D. Drahovsky
Publisher: Springer Verlag
ISBN: 9780387192192
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
Author: Alecsandru Ioan Baba
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789732714577
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 787
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Book Description
Author: Massimo Negrini
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128232749
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
MicroRNA in Human Malignancies offers a deep overview of the role and translational significance of miRNAs in the development of cancer and other malignancies. The book establishes the foundations of the field by covering essential mechanisms and the translational potential of miRNAs in the field of oncology. Specific topics covered include invasion and metastasis, miRNAs and metabolism, and opportunities of miRNAs in therapeutics. Chapters on diseases include content on disease-related pathophysiology, as well as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive value. This book is an essential reference for students entering the field, as well as researchers and investigators. Provides fundamental and translational chapters that facilitate the acquisition of knowledge needed to design and perform innovative miRNA-related research studies Synthesizes current research, with a critical review on the field Offers in-depth research by leading experts in the field
Author: Jing-hsiung James Ou
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812833463
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
Viruses are the causes of approximately 25% of human cancers. Due to their importance in carcinogenesis, there is a desperate need for a book that discusses these viruses. This book is therefore timely, providing a comprehensive review of the molecular biology of oncogenic viruses and The cancers they cause. Viruses that are discussed in the individual chapters include hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human papilloma viruses, Epsteinndash;Barr virus, Kaposi's sarcoma virus and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. This book provides up-to-date information for graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, medical students, physicians and non-experts who are interested in learning more about the oncogenic viruses and how they cause human cancers.
