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Author: Edna Ullmann-Margalit
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192528831
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 455
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Book Description
Normal Rationality is a selection of the most important work of Edna Ullmann-Margalit, presenting some influential and widely admired essays alongside some that are not well known. She was an unorthodox and deeply original philosopher whose work illuminated the largest mysteries of human life. Much of her writing focuses on two fundamental questions. (1) How do people proceed when they cannot act on the basis of reasons, or project likely consequences? (2) How is social order possible? Ullmann-Margalit's answers, emphasizing what might be called biased rationality, are important not only for philosophy, but also for political science, psychology, sociology, cognitive science, economics (including behavioral economics), law, and even public policy. Ullmann-Margalit demonstrates that people have identifiable strategies for making difficult decisions, whether the question is small (what to buy at a supermarket) or big (whether to transform one's life in some large-scale way). She also shows that social dilemmas are solved by norms; that invisible-hand explanations take two identifiable (and dramatically different) forms; that trust can emerge in seemingly unpromising situations; and that considerateness is the foundation on which our relationships are organized in both the thin context of the public space and the intimate context of the family. One of the distinguishing features of Ullmann-Margalit's work is its close attention to the details of human experience, and its use of those details to offer fresh understandings of social phenomena. Her essays cast new light on a diverse assortment of problems in philosophy, social science, and individual lives.
Author: Edna Ullmann-Margalit
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192528831
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 455
Get Book Here
Book Description
Normal Rationality is a selection of the most important work of Edna Ullmann-Margalit, presenting some influential and widely admired essays alongside some that are not well known. She was an unorthodox and deeply original philosopher whose work illuminated the largest mysteries of human life. Much of her writing focuses on two fundamental questions. (1) How do people proceed when they cannot act on the basis of reasons, or project likely consequences? (2) How is social order possible? Ullmann-Margalit's answers, emphasizing what might be called biased rationality, are important not only for philosophy, but also for political science, psychology, sociology, cognitive science, economics (including behavioral economics), law, and even public policy. Ullmann-Margalit demonstrates that people have identifiable strategies for making difficult decisions, whether the question is small (what to buy at a supermarket) or big (whether to transform one's life in some large-scale way). She also shows that social dilemmas are solved by norms; that invisible-hand explanations take two identifiable (and dramatically different) forms; that trust can emerge in seemingly unpromising situations; and that considerateness is the foundation on which our relationships are organized in both the thin context of the public space and the intimate context of the family. One of the distinguishing features of Ullmann-Margalit's work is its close attention to the details of human experience, and its use of those details to offer fresh understandings of social phenomena. Her essays cast new light on a diverse assortment of problems in philosophy, social science, and individual lives.
Author: Kenneth James Stuart Ballantyne
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780955060182
Category : World War, 1914-1918
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Paul Faulkner
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198732546
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 310
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Book Description
Trust is central to our social lives. We know by trusting what others tell us. We act on that basis, and on the basis of trust in their promises and implicit commitments. So trust underpins both epistemic and practical cooperation and is key to philosophical debates on the conditions of its possibility. It is difficult to overstate the significance of these issues. On the practical side, discussions of cooperation address what makes society possible-of how it is that life is not a Hobbesian war of all against all. On the epistemic side, discussions of cooperation address what makes the pooling of knowledge possible-and so the edifice that is science. But trust is not merely central to our lives instrumentally; trusting relations are themselves of great value, and in trusting others, we realise distinctive forms of value. What are these forms of value, and how is trust central to our lives? These questions are explored and developed in this volume, which collects fifteen new essays on the philosophy of trust. They develop and extend existing philosophical discussion of trust and will provide a reference point for future work on trust.
Author: R. Nola
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401002894
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Book Description
Do knowledge and science arise from the application of canons of rationality and scientific method? Or is all our scientific knowledge caused by socio-political factors, or by our interests in the socio-political - the view of sociologists of "knowledge"? Or does it result from interplay of relations of power - the view of Michel Foucault? Or does our knowledge arise from "the will to power" - the view of Nietzsche? This volume sets out to critically examine the theses of those who would debunk the idea of rational explanation. The book is wide-ranging. The theories of method of Quine, Kuhn, Feyerabend (amongst others) are discussed and related to the views of Marx, Foucault, Wittgenstein and Nietzsche as well as sociologists of science such as Mannheim and Bloor. The author provides a wide interpretative framework which links the doctrines espoused by many of these authors; it is argued that they inherit many of the difficulties in the Strong Programme in the sociology of "knowledge", and that they fail to reconcile the normativity of knowledge with their naturalism. It is argued that neither relativists, sceptics, nihilists, sociologists of "knowledge" nor the postmodernists successfully debunk the claims of rational explanation, far from it: these theorists presuppose much of the theory of methodology they deny.
Author: Ross Harrison
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521143738
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Book Description
This volume is concerned with the concepts of rationality, belief and desire in the explanation and evaluation of human action.
Author: Petra Perner
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540707204
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
ICDM / MLDM Medaillie (limited edition) Meissner Porcellan, the “White Gold” of King August the Strongest of Saxonia ICDM 2008 was the eighth event of the Industrial Conference on Data Mining held in Leipzig (www.data-mining-forum.de). For this edition the Program Committee received 116 submissions from 20 countries. After the peer-review process, we accepted 36 high-quality papers for oral presentation, which are included in these proceedings. The topics range from aspects of classification and prediction, clustering, Web mining, data mining in medicine, applications of data mining, time series and frequent pattern mining, and association rule mining. Thirteen papers were selected for poster presentations that are published in the ICDM Poster Proceeding Volume. In conjunction with ICDM there were three workshops focusing on special hot application-oriented topics in data mining. The workshop Data Mining in Life Science DMLS 2008 was held the third time this year and the workshop Data Mining in Marketing DMM 2008 ran for the second time this year. Additionally, we introduced an International Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning for Multimedia Data CBR-MD.
Author: Benjamin Maximilian Eisenhauer
Publisher: Benjamin Maximilian Eisenhauer
ISBN:
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 6161
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Book Description
This dictionary contains around 80,000 English terms with their Finnish translations, making it one of the most comprehensive books of its kind. It offers a wide vocabulary from all areas as well as numerous idioms. The terms are translated from English to Finnish. If you need translations from Finnish to English, then the companion volume The Great Dictionary Finnish - English is recommended.
Author: James Russell
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1134832095
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
The idea behind this book is that developing a conception of the physical world and a conception of mind is impossible without the exercise of agency, meaning "the power to alter at will one's perceptual inputs". The thesis is derived from a philosphical account of the role of agency in knowledge.; The book is divided into three parts. In Part One, the author argues that "purely representational" theories of mind and of mental development have been overvalued, thereby clearing the ground for the book's central thesis. In Part Two, he proposes that, because objective experience depends upon the experience of agency, the development of the "object concept" in human infants is grounded in the development of executive-attentional capacities. In Part Three, an analysis of the links between agency and self-awareness generates an original theory of the nature of certain stage-like transitions in mental functioning and of the relationship between executive and mentalizing defects in autism.; The book should be of interest to students and researchers in cognitive- developmental psychology, to philosophers of mind, and to anybody with an interest in cognitive science.
Author: Maria Baghramian
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135713634
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
Donald Davidson (1917-2003) was one of the most prominent philosophers of the second half of the twentieth century. His thinking about language, mind, and epistemology has shaped the views of several generations of philosophers. This book brings together articles by a host of prominent philosophers to provide new interpretations of Davidson’s key ideas about meaning, language and thought. The book opens with short commemorative pieces by a wide range of people who knew Davidson well, giving us glimpses into the life of a great philosopher, a beloved husband and father, a colleague, teacher and friend. The chapter by Lepore and Ludwig and the ensuing heated debate with Frederick Stoutland on how to interpret Davidson demonstrate why Davidson’s legacy has become a disputed intellectual territory. The chapters by Kathrin Glüer, Peter Pagin, Barry Smith, James Higginbotham and William Child, all eminent philosophers of language, are prime examples of just one strand of this legacy, while the piece by Sophie Gibb gives us an opening to Davidson’s enormous contribution to philosophy of mind. Donald Davidson: Life and Words closes with a piece by Davidson himself, first published in 1995 in the International Journal of Philosophical Studies, where he brings together the various strands of his work in a Unified Theory of speech and action. This book comprises key articles first published in the International Journal of Philosophical Studies and previously unpublished commemorative pieces, and serves as a fitting dedication to the work and memory of a great philosopher.
Author: Gerhard Preyer
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191654833
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The analysis of the connections between truth, meaning, thought, and action poses a major philosophical challenge—one that Donald Davidson addressed by establishing a unified theory of language and mind. This volume offers a reappraisal of Davidson's intellectual legacy. Twelve specially written essays by leading philosophers in the field illuminate a range of enduring philosophical problems, and engage in particular with Ernie Lepore and Kirk Ludwig's interpretation of Davidson's philosophy. The collection affirms Davidson's continuing influence on the study of language, mind, and action, and offers a variety of new perspectives on his work.
