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Author: Rafis Abazov
Publisher: Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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Book Description
The modern history of Kyrgyzstan resembles a fascinating history of the Great Game (a term used to describe competition between the British and Russian Empires for domination in Central Asia). For centuries, various great powers and nomadic Khanates attempted to establish an ultimate control over this strategically important land, and the land populated by Kyrgyzs was fragmented between various political entities. Only at the end of the 19th century did the Russian Empire finally acquire control over this region. In 1924 the Kyrgyz land was united into a single political entity in the controversial and still widely debated border delimitation process. In 1991 Kyrgyzstan declared its independence and began building a democratic and market-oriented state. However, very soon the newly independent country found itself in the center of the political competition for influence between such powers as China, Russia and the USA. This competition finally landed the US and Russian military airbases in Kyrgyzstan's territory in what some analysts describe as a new round of the Great Game. The Historical Dictionary of Kyrgystan provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of the historical development of Kyrgyzstan. The introduction and chronology provide an overview of the Kyrgyz history, focusing on the history of the country in the 20th century. The author carefully assesses the key issues in Kyrgyzstan's attempt to develop democratic and market-oriented institutions, and to keep militant elements at a bay. He overviews the growth of political organizations and NGOs and the struggle for power between various formal and informal political groups and institutions. This is the first comprehensive reference book on Kyrgyzstan, which provides superb up-to-date details about the key players and key issues in contemporary domestic and international politics of Kyrgyzstan. The dictionary consists of approximately 300 entries and is cross-referenced to make sure that it is easy to use by both experienced scholars a
Author: Rafis Abazov
Publisher: Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 424
Get Book Here
Book Description
The modern history of Kyrgyzstan resembles a fascinating history of the Great Game (a term used to describe competition between the British and Russian Empires for domination in Central Asia). For centuries, various great powers and nomadic Khanates attempted to establish an ultimate control over this strategically important land, and the land populated by Kyrgyzs was fragmented between various political entities. Only at the end of the 19th century did the Russian Empire finally acquire control over this region. In 1924 the Kyrgyz land was united into a single political entity in the controversial and still widely debated border delimitation process. In 1991 Kyrgyzstan declared its independence and began building a democratic and market-oriented state. However, very soon the newly independent country found itself in the center of the political competition for influence between such powers as China, Russia and the USA. This competition finally landed the US and Russian military airbases in Kyrgyzstan's territory in what some analysts describe as a new round of the Great Game. The Historical Dictionary of Kyrgystan provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of the historical development of Kyrgyzstan. The introduction and chronology provide an overview of the Kyrgyz history, focusing on the history of the country in the 20th century. The author carefully assesses the key issues in Kyrgyzstan's attempt to develop democratic and market-oriented institutions, and to keep militant elements at a bay. He overviews the growth of political organizations and NGOs and the struggle for power between various formal and informal political groups and institutions. This is the first comprehensive reference book on Kyrgyzstan, which provides superb up-to-date details about the key players and key issues in contemporary domestic and international politics of Kyrgyzstan. The dictionary consists of approximately 300 entries and is cross-referenced to make sure that it is easy to use by both experienced scholars a
Author: Rafis Abazov
Publisher: Scarecrow Press
ISBN: 9780810853621
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
Turkmenistan is known for its huge oil and gas resources, as well as for the rich, complex, and captivating history of the Turkmen people. For centuries they were known as skillful and courageous warriors who left deep marks in the histories of other countries, such as India, Russia, Afghanistan, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Egypt. As craftsmen, they constructed extraordinary architectural monuments, whose ruins can be found all over the country, and famous Turkoman carpets are still highly valued in many parts of the world. Yet, for centuries, foreign invaders and local tribal conflict plagued the land with wars that devastated the Turkmen society and destroyed its magnificent but fragile oases. In the late 19th century, the Turkmens witnessed the establishment of the Russian Empire in their lands. In the years following, these lands were united by the Soviet government into a single political entity in an attempt to force the Soviet style nation-state building and socio-economic transformations. In 1991, the Turkmen parliament voted for the country's independence and promised to build a sovereign state capable of bringing prosperity and social and political stability to the society. The reality, however, proved to be more complex. After more than 15 years of independence, Turkmenistan still faces a number of difficulties, including economic and structural issues, security challenges, growing competition between various clans, and widespread poverty. Historical Dictionary of Turkmenistan provides a concise overview of the historical development of Turkmenistan. The introduction and chronology provide an overview of the Turkmen history, focusing on the history of the country in the 20th century, political and economic development, ethnic policies, and nation building. This is the first comprehensive reference book on Turkmenistan published in English that provides comprehensive up-to-date details about the contemporary history, economy, and culture. The dictionary consists of approximately 300 entries a
Author: Reuel R. Hanks
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538102293
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
Although Uzbekistan was established as an independent state in 1991, the rich history of the people and culture extend back thousands of years. Historical Dictionary of Uzbekistan covers several thousand years of Central Asian history, with emphasis on the period from the establishment of a territorialized entity under the Soviet regime called the Uzbek SSR, up through the period of the independent Republic of Uzbekistan. Historical Dictionary of Uzbekistan contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has more than 400 cross-referenced entries on important personalities as well as aspects of the country’s politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Uzbekistan.
Author: Didar Kassymova
Publisher: Scarecrow Press
ISBN: 0810867826
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 363
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Book Description
The Historical Dictionary of Kazakhstan contains a chronology, an introductory essay, an extensive bibliography, and several hundred cross-referenced dictionary entries.
Author: Grigory V. Ioffe
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538117061
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 477
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Book Description
Belarus is one of fifteen successor states of the former Soviet Union. It’s the only post-Soviet state that is in full of control of its territory and has no territorial conflicts with its neighbors. It’s squeezed between Russia and the European Union. Belarus had never been an independent nation prior to the Soviet Union’s disintegration and its identity is still evolving. This third edition of Historical Dictionary of Belarus contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 500 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Belarus.
Author: Kamoludin Abdullaev
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538102528
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 650
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Book Description
Tajikistan is the poorest and only Persian-speaking country among the post-Soviet independent states. Historically, the Tajiks of Central Asia and Afghanistan along with the Persians of modern Iran came from a related ethnic group. When the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was established in late 1924, it became the first modern Tajik state that remained one of the 15 union republics of the Soviet Union until 1991. Almost immediately after the collapse of the USSR, Tajikistan became a scene of brutal civil war, taking place in one of the global hubs of religiously motivated political struggle, militancy, mass cross-border refugee flows, insurgency, and drug trafficking. During the first decade of the 21st century, the country was making modest progress toward stability. However, the heavy burden of socio-economic problems, in addition to continuing conflict in the neighboring Afghanistan-Pakistan, presented even bigger challenges for Tajikistan. In addition, Western economic sanctions against Russia in 2014, coinciding with continuing lower oil prices, have negatively affected one million of Tajik labor migrants in Russia. Yet Tajikistan has become neither weaker nor less important as a player in world politics. This third edition of Historical Dictionary of Tajikistan contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 800 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Tajikistan.
Author: I. C. Smith
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538130203
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 523
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Book Description
Historical Dictionary of Chinese Intelligence, Second Edition covers the history of Chinese Intelligence from 400 B.C. to modern times. The dictionary section has over 400 cross-referenced entries on the agencies and agents, the operations and equipment, the tradecraft and jargon, and many of the countries involved.
Author: Sjaak van der Velden
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538134616
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 603
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Book Description
From the start of its existence organized labor has been the voice of workers to improve their economic, social, and political positions. Beginning with small and very often illegal groups of involved workers it grew to the million member organizations that now exist around the globe. It is studied from many different perspectives – historical, economic, sociological, and legal – but it fundamentally involves the struggle for workers’ rights, human rights and social justice. In an often hostile environment, organized labor has tried to make the world a fairer place. Even though it has only ever covered a minority of employees in most countries, its effects on their political, economic, and social systems have been generally positive. Despite growing repression of organized labor in recent years, membership numbers are still growing for the benefit of all employees, including the non-members. Historical Dictionary of Organized Labor: Fourth Edition makes the history of this important feature of life easily accessible. The reader is guided through a chronology, an introductory essay, 600 entries on the subject, appendixes with statistical material, and an extensive bibliography including Internet sites. This book gives a thorough introduction into past and present for historians, economists, sociologists, journalists, activists, labor union leaders, and anyone interested in the development of this important issue.
Author: James C. Docherty
Publisher: Scarecrow Press
ISBN: 0810879883
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 498
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Book Description
Organized labor is about the collective efforts of employees to improve their economic, social, and political position. It can be studied from many different points of view—historical, economic, sociological, or legal—but it is fundamentally about the struggle for human rights and social justice. As a rule, organized labor has tried to make the world a fairer place. Even though it has only ever covered a minority of employees in most countries, its effects on their political, economic, and social systems have been generally positive. History shows that when organized labor is repressed, the whole society suffers and is made less just. The Historical Dictionary of Organized Labor looks at the history of organized labor to see where it came from and where it has been. This is done through a chronology, an introductory essay, appendixes, a glossary of terms, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 400 cross-referenced entries on most countries, international as well as national labor organizations, major labor unions, leaders, and other aspects of organized labor such as changes in the composition of its membership. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about organized labor.
Author: J. C. Docherty
Publisher: Scarecrow Press
ISBN: 9780810849112
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 514
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Book Description
Thoroughly updated, this essential reference source introduces scholars to the study of organized labor on the international as well as national level. Contains 400 entries describing the labor movements in countries around the world, and the important people, organizations, ideas, and political parties involved in organized labor. Includes a summary list of past and present international labor leaders, lists of global union federations and the affiliated organizations of major national labor federations, and analytical lists of the membership of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions.
