High-Resolution Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy of Methane PDF Download
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Author: H. C Walker (Jr)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 45
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Book Description
The feasibility of using tunable diode laser spectroscopy for measurement of methane concentration in turbine engine exhausts was investigated. An experimental program was accomplished in which the foreign gas broadening parameters of the methane R(O)A line of the v3 fundamental band were measured for nitrogen and carbon dioxide broadening. The temperature range was extended from the room temperature data available in the literature to 1000K, typical of turbine engine exhausts. The range of concentrations and path lengths over which the technique is feasible was established. A literature survey on typical turbine engine emissions was conducted from which it was determined that the technique may be applicable at augmented power settings, but methane concentrations are too small for idle and intermediate power settings.
Author: H. C Walker (Jr)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 45
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Book Description
The feasibility of using tunable diode laser spectroscopy for measurement of methane concentration in turbine engine exhausts was investigated. An experimental program was accomplished in which the foreign gas broadening parameters of the methane R(O)A line of the v3 fundamental band were measured for nitrogen and carbon dioxide broadening. The temperature range was extended from the room temperature data available in the literature to 1000K, typical of turbine engine exhausts. The range of concentrations and path lengths over which the technique is feasible was established. A literature survey on typical turbine engine emissions was conducted from which it was determined that the technique may be applicable at augmented power settings, but methane concentrations are too small for idle and intermediate power settings.
Author: Iain Fletcher Howieson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Molecular spectroscopy
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 836
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Book Description
Author: Matthieu Baudelet
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 085709873X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 601
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Book Description
Laser spectroscopy is a valuable tool for sensing and chemical analysis. Developments in lasers, detectors and mathematical analytical tools have led to improvements in the sensitivity and selectivity of spectroscopic techniques and extended their fields of application. Laser Spectroscopy for Sensing examines these advances and how laser spectroscopy can be used in a diverse range of industrial, medical, and environmental applications. Part one reviews basic concepts of atomic and molecular processes and presents the fundamentals of laser technology for controlling the spectral and temporal aspects of laser excitation. In addition, it explains the selectivity, sensitivity, and stability of the measurements, the construction of databases, and the automation of data analysis by machine learning. Part two explores laser spectroscopy techniques, including cavity-based absorption spectroscopy and the use of photo-acoustic spectroscopy to acquire absorption spectra of gases and condensed media. These chapters discuss imaging methods using laser-induced fluorescence and phosphorescence spectroscopies before focusing on light detection and ranging, photothermal spectroscopy and terahertz spectroscopy. Part three covers a variety of applications of these techniques, particularly the detection of chemical, biological, and explosive threats, as well as their use in medicine and forensic science. Finally, the book examines spectroscopic analysis of industrial materials and their applications in nuclear research and industry. The text provides readers with a broad overview of the techniques and applications of laser spectroscopy for sensing. It is of great interest to laser scientists and engineers, as well as professionals using lasers for medical applications, environmental applications, military applications, and material processing. Presents the fundamentals of laser technology for controlling the spectral and temporal aspects of laser excitation Explores laser spectroscopy techniques, including cavity-based absorption spectroscopy and the use of photo-acoustic spectroscopy to acquire absorption spectra of gases and condensed media Considers spectroscopic analysis of industrial materials and their applications in nuclear research and industry
Author: Martin Quack
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470066539
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2236
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Book Description
The field of High-Resolution Spectroscopy has been considerably extended and even redefined in some areas. Combining the knowledge of spectroscopy, laser technology, chemical computation, and experiments, Handbook of High-Resolution Spectroscopy provides a comprehensive survey of the whole field as it presents itself today, with emphasis on the recent developments. This essential handbook for advanced research students, graduate students, and researchers takes a systematic approach through the range of wavelengths and includes the latest advances in experiment and theory that will help and guide future applications. The first comprehensive survey in high-resolution molecular spectroscopy for over 15 years Brings together the knowledge of spectroscopy, laser technology, chemical computation and experiments Brings the reader up-to-date with the many advances that have been made in recent times Takes the reader through the range of wavelengths, covering all possible techniques such as Microwave Spectroscopy, Infrared Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, VIS, UV and VUV Combines theoretical, computational and experimental aspects Has numerous applications in a wide range of scientific domains Edited by two leaders in this field Provides an overview of rotational, vibration, electronic and photoelectron spectroscopy Volume 1 - Introduction: Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy Volume 2 - High-Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy: Methods and Results Volume 3 - Special Methods & Applications
Author: Yufei Ma
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 283251412X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 492
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Book Description
Author: Wolfgang Demtröder
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 354073418X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 469
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Book Description
Keeping abreast of the latest techniques and applications, this new edition of the standard reference and graduate text on laser spectroscopy has been completely revised and expanded. While the general concept is unchanged, the new edition features a broad array of new material, including applications in chemical analysis, medical diagnostics, and engineering. No other book with such a broad scope is available. The author is one of the most renowned experts in this area. The book is well illustrated, and is supplemented by an extensive set of references. It will benefit all students and scientists working in the field.
Author: Frank Hempel
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783832502621
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Tunable infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) has been applied to investigate the chemical kinetics in reactive discharges. It was used to detect the methyl radical and nine stable molecules, CH4, CH3OH, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, NH3, HCN, CH2O and C2N2, in H2-Ar-N2 microwave plasmas containing up to 7.2 % of methane or methanol, under both flowing and static conditions. The degree of dissociation of the hydrocarbon precursor molecules varied between 20 and 97 %. The methyl radical concentration was found to be in the range 1012 to 1013 molecules cm-3. By analysing the temporal development of molecular concentrations under static conditions it was found that HCN and NH3 are the final products of plasma chemical conversion. The fragmentation rates of methane and methanol and the respective conversion rates to methane, hydrogen cyanide and ammonia have been determined for different hydrogen to nitrogen concentration ratios. An extensive model of the chemical reactions involved in the H2-N2-Ar-CH4 plasma has been developed. Model calculations were performed by including 22 species, 145 chemical reactions and appropriate electron impact dissociation rate coefficients. The results of the model calculations showed satisfactory agreement between calculated and measured concentrations. The most likely main chemical pathways involved in these plasmas are discussed and an appropriate reaction scheme is proposed. Based on the model calculations the concentrations of non-measured species like CH2 or NH2 have been predicted.In addition, spectroscopic investigations of P- and R-branch lines of the fundamental bands of 12C14N and 13C14N in their ground electronic state have been performed at high resolution by tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The radicals were generated in microwave plasmas containing methane with varying proportions of N2 and H2. From a fit to the spectra the origins of the fundamental bands of the two isotopomers were determined to be 2042.42104(84) cm-1 and 2000.08470(30) cm-1. The main product detected in the plasma was HCN. It showed concentrations which are about three orders of magnitude higher than that of CN.Moreover, the time and spatial dependence of the chemical conversion of CO2 to CO were studied in a closed glow discharge reactor (p = 50 Pa, I = 2 and 30 mA) consisting of a small plasma zone and an extended stationary afterglow. Tunable infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopy has been applied to determine the absolute ground state concentrations of CO and CO2. After a certain discharge time the concentrations of both species were observed to come into equilibrium. The spatial dependence of the equilibrium CO concentration in the afterglow was found to vary by less than 10 %. The feed gas was converted to CO more predominantly between 45 % and 60 % with increasing discharge current. The formation time of the stable gas composition decreased with increasing current too. For currents higher than 10 mA the conversion rate of CO2 to CO was estimated to be 1 x 1013 molecules J-1. Based on the experimental results a model of the CO2 conversion chemistry has also been established for this type of discharge. The calculated and measured temporal developments of species concentrations showed a satisfactory agreement for various discharge currents.Lastly, infrared tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy has been used to analyse the fragmentation of TiCl4 into HCl in pulsed H2-Ar-N2 dc plasmas (p= 2 mbar). At small TiCl4 admixtures (0.04-0.31 %) HCl concentrations of 2-5 x 1014 molecules cm-3 were measured (current density: 0.6-1.15 mA cm2). A nearly complete conversion of Cl into HCl was found at TiCl4 admixtures below 0.2 %.
Author: Leo Hollberg
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 0788186140
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
A selected set of reprints from the Optical Frequency Measurement Group of the Time and Frequency Div. of the Nat. Inst. of Standards and Technology and consists of work published between 1987 and 1997. The 2 programs represented are (1) development of tunable diode-laser technology for scientific applications and precision measurements, and (2) research toward the goal of realizing optical-frequency measurements and synthesis. The papers are organized in 5 categories: diode laser technology; tunable laser systems; laser spectroscopy; optical synthesis and extended wavelength coverage; and multi-photon interactions and optical coherence.
