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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309685028
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 49
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Book Description
Harmonized approaches to setting recommendations for safe and appropriate dietary intakes and nutritional interventions are critical to support the resolution of differences across countries in setting national and international nutrition standards; promote consistency in public and clinical health objectives; provide a mechanism for designing national and international food and nutrition policies; and enhance the transparency of national standards for trade and other regulatory actions that have economic, health, and safety implications. Consistent dietary intake recommendations cannot be made without first establishing a consistent approach to derive reference values for population-level nutrient intakes. This tool kit is designed to help global stakeholders, including those in low- and middle-income countries, participate more easily in the process of implementing, disseminating, and evaluating a consistent and homogeneous methodological approach to the nutrient reference value process.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309685028
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 49
Get Book Here
Book Description
Harmonized approaches to setting recommendations for safe and appropriate dietary intakes and nutritional interventions are critical to support the resolution of differences across countries in setting national and international nutrition standards; promote consistency in public and clinical health objectives; provide a mechanism for designing national and international food and nutrition policies; and enhance the transparency of national standards for trade and other regulatory actions that have economic, health, and safety implications. Consistent dietary intake recommendations cannot be made without first establishing a consistent approach to derive reference values for population-level nutrient intakes. This tool kit is designed to help global stakeholders, including those in low- and middle-income countries, participate more easily in the process of implementing, disseminating, and evaluating a consistent and homogeneous methodological approach to the nutrient reference value process.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309477727
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 175
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Book Description
Recommended intake levels for nutrients and other dietary components were designed initially to prevent nutrient deficiency diseases in a given population, and the original methodological approach used to derive intake values did not include consideration for other applications. However, with the increasing globalization of information and the identification of a variety of factors specific to different population subgroups (e.g., young children and women of reproductive age) that influence their nutritional needs, there has been increasing recognition of the need to consider methodological approaches to deriving nutrient reference values (NRVs) that are applicable across countries and that take into account the varying needs of different population subgroups. There is a need for guidance and recommendations about methodological approaches, as well as their potential for application to an international process for the development of NRVs, and particularly for young children and women of reproductive age. Harmonization of Approaches to Nutrient Reference Values: Applications to Young Children and Women of Reproductive Age examines these issues and makes recommendations for a unified approach to developing NRVs that would be acceptable globally.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309685052
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 49
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Book Description
Harmonized approaches to setting recommendations for safe and appropriate dietary intakes and nutritional interventions are critical to support the resolution of differences across countries in setting national and international nutrition standards; promote consistency in public and clinical health objectives; provide a mechanism for designing national and international food and nutrition policies; and enhance the transparency of national standards for trade and other regulatory actions that have economic, health, and safety implications. Consistent dietary intake recommendations cannot be made without first establishing a consistent approach to derive reference values for population-level nutrient intakes. This tool kit is designed to help global stakeholders, including those in low- and middle-income countries, participate more easily in the process of implementing, disseminating, and evaluating a consistent and homogeneous methodological approach to the nutrient reference value process.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309472032
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 195
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Book Description
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a public workshop in September 2017 to explore the evidence for achieving global harmonization of methodological approaches to establishing nutrient intake recommendations. Participants reviewed current nutrient intake recommendations, discussed the feasibility of harmonizing approaches to setting such recommendations globally, examined the development of principles by which they may be applied in diverse contexts that relate to individuals or populations, or regulatory purposes, and examined perceptions and acceptance of nutrient intake recommendations by different stakeholders. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
ISBN: 9781490324401
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
The Office of Dietary Supplements requested the Tufts Medical Center Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) to conduct an exercise to identify the issues and challenges of including evidence-based methods as a component of the process used to develop nutrient reference values (such as the Dietary Reference Intakes [DRI]) issued by the Institute of Medicine (IOM). This work was performed under a task order issued by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality EPC program. The Tufts EPC assembled a group of nutrition experts from academic institutions and relevant federal government agencies, led participants in teleconferences and meetings, conducted exercises in formulating questions that would be amenable to systematic reviews of the scientific literature, and identified the challenges and limitations of applying this method to processes previously used to establish nutrient reference values. This report summarizes the impetus behind this project, approach taken, and the lessons learned. Nutrient reference values have significant public health and policy implications. This type of dietary guidance is needed for planning diets, assessing the adequacy of diets in individuals and populations, developing nutrition education and guidance, and for setting reference values for nutrition labeling. The IOM Food and Nutrition Board has issued reports on the DRIs for a wide range of nutrients. Six reports have been published and are organized around groups of nutrients. Contents of the reports include a summary of what is known about the nutrient function in the human body, selection of indicators of adequacy of nutrient intakes or nutrient levels, factors that may affect how the nutrients are utilized and that affect requirements, and how nutrients may be related to the prevention of chronic disease across age groups. Various study committees were convened to evaluate a body of available scientific evidence for specific nutrients. Primarily human studies were reviewed and selected animal studies were used when human data are absent or conflicting. Available evidence was weighted according to quality, peer review status, biological plausibility, and whether similar estimates would be derived from different indicators. However, the process of establishing DRIs has been variable and has evolved as experience accrued from study committees. Concern has been expressed that in some cases the methods used to determine DRIs have suffered from a lack of transparency and consistency. Moreover, differences in the reference values derived by various groups of nutrition experts worldwide have been noted for the same nutrient when all presumably have used the same body of available evidence. Given the importance of defining reliable nutrient reference values, there is a need for an explicit, objective, and transparent process to set these values. Evaluating evidence is a major component of informing the process. Because new studies are constantly being published, it would also be desirable to have a framework that allows efficient updating when new information becomes available. Although the mandate to different committees around the world has previously been different, with the globalization of the food supply and health risks it should be expected that evaluating similar evidence will result in similar recommendations. Over the past 15 years, the concept of evidence-based medicine building upon the foundation of systematic reviews, meta-analyses and related methods as important tools for evidence-based practice, has gained widespread acceptance in the evaluation of medical evidence for healthcare decision-making. The application of this approach to evaluating the nutrition literature could provide for the transparent, comprehensive and objective evaluation of scientific evidence and could provide support for a framework for a consistent approach to establishing nutrient reference values for all dietary components.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 925131957X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Book Description
This publication explains how Codex and the Committee for Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Uses worked over several years to develop the Codex nutrient reference values for protein, 13 vitamins and 6 minerals in the Codex guidelines for nutrition labelling. Nutrient reference values (NRVs) are a set of values used in nutrition labelling; they are derived from authoritative recommendations for daily nutrient intake. This publication documents the process and decisions involved in reviewing the Codex NRVs for protein, vitamins and minerals and provides a valuable record of many years of original and complex technical work. The Codex Alimentarius, or "Food Code" is a collection of standards, guidelines and codes of practice adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The Commission, also known as CAC, is the central part of the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme and was established by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO), to protect consumer health and promote fair practices in food trade. Drawing from primary evidence from several countries and one region that historically managed their own healthy food data and reported on national nutrient intake values, the review, which ended in 2016, will play a role in informing the general population about healthy eating for the next 10-20 years and forms the basis for establishing a suite of required NRVs for more specific population groups, the first of which are older infants and young children.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309091438
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
Since 1997, the Institute of Medicine has issued a series of nutrient reference values that are collectively termed Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). The DRIs offer quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets. Using the information from these reports, this newest volume in the DRI series focuses on how the DRIs, and the science for each nutrient in the DRI reports, can be used to develop current and appropriate reference values for nutrition labeling and food fortification. Focusing its analysis on the existing DRIs, the book examines the purpose of nutrition labeling, current labeling practices in the United States and Canada, food fortification practices and policies, and offers recommendations as a series of guiding principles to assist the regulatory agencies that oversee food labeling and fortification in the United States and Canada. The overarching goal of the information in this book is to provide updated nutrition labeling that consumers can use to compare products and make informed food choices. Diet-related chronic diseases are a leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States and Canada and helping customers make healthy food choices has never been more important.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309453631
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
Federal guidance on nutrition and diet is intended to reflect the state of the science and deliver the most reliable recommendations possible according to the best available evidence. This guidance, updated and presented every 5 years in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), serves as the basis for all federal nutrition policies and nutrition assistance programs, as well as nutrition education programs. Despite the use of the guidelines over the past 30 years, recent challenges prompted Congress to question the process by which food and nutrition guidance is developed. This report assesses the process used to develop the guidelines; it does not evaluate the substance or use of the guidelines. As part of an overall, comprehensive review of the process to update the DGA, this first report seeks to discover how the advisory committee selection process can be improved to provide more transparency, eliminate bias, and include committee members with a range of viewpoints for the purpose of informing the 2020 cycle.
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128126884
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1861
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Book Description
The Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability, Three Volume Set covers the hottest topics in the science of food sustainability, providing a synopsis of the path society is on to secure food for a growing population. It investigates the focal issue of sustainable food production in relation to the effects of global change on food resources, biodiversity and global food security. This collection of methodological approaches and knowledge derived from expert authors around the world offers the research community, food industry, scientists and students with the knowledge to relate to, and report on, the novel challenges of food production and sustainability. This comprehensive encyclopedia will act as a platform to show how an interdisciplinary approach and closer collaboration between the scientific and industrial communities is necessary to strengthen our existing capacity to generate and share research data. Offers readers a ‘one-stop’ resource on the topic of food security and sustainability Contains articles split into sections based on the various dimensions of Food Security and Food Sustainability Written by academics and practitioners from various fields and regions with a “farm to fork understanding Includes concise and accessible chapters, providing an authoritative introduction for non-specialists and readers from undergraduate level upwards, as well as up-to-date foundational content for those familiar with the field
Author: Food and Nutrition Board
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309570808
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
The model for risk assessment of nutrients used to develop tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) is one of the key elements of the developing framework for Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). DRIs are dietary reference values for the intake of nutrients and food components by Americans and Canadians. The U.S. National Academy of Sciences recently released two reports in the series (IOM, 1997, 1998). The overall project is a comprehensive effort undertaken by the Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI Committee) of the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB), Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences in the United States, with active involvement of Health Canada. The DRI project is the result of significant discussion from 1991 to 1996 by the FNB regarding how to approach the growing concern that one set of quantitative estimates of recommended intakes, the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), was scientifically inappropriate to be used as the basis for many of the uses to which it had come to be applied.
