Handbook of Parameter Values for the Prediction of Radionuclide Transfer in Terrestrial and Freshwater Environments PDF Download
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Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789201130099
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Provides data for use in assessments of routine discharges of radionuclides to terrestrial and freshwater environments. Some of the data may also be useful for assessing the impacts of accidental releases and releases in the future.
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789201130099
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Provides data for use in assessments of routine discharges of radionuclides to terrestrial and freshwater environments. Some of the data may also be useful for assessing the impacts of accidental releases and releases in the future.
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
This handbook has been produced in collaboration with the International Union of Radioecologists. It should serve as a convenient and authoritative reference for radionuclide transfer parameter values used in biospheric assessment models. It supplements Safety Series No. 57 (1982), Generic Models and Parameters for Assessing the Environmental Transfer of Radio- nuclides from Routine Releases.
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher: International Atomic Energy Agency
ISBN: 9789201007148
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
This handbook provides generic parameter values for estimating the transfer of radionuclides from environmental media to wildlife for the purpose of assessing potential radiation exposure under equilibrium conditions. These data are intended for use where site specific data are either not available or not required, and to parameterize generic assessment models. They are based on a comprehensive review of the available literature, including many Russian language publications that have not previously been available in English. The publication addresses the limitations of the parameter values and the applicability of data. Some general background information on the assessment of potential impacts of radioactive releases on wildlife is also included. It complements the existing handbook in the same IAEA series with parameter to assess the radiological impact to humans.
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789201045096
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 616
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Book Description
For many years the IAEA has published a set of documents aimed at assessing and limiting the radiation exposure of the population from various nuclear activities. The present publication is intended to support IAEA Technical Reports Series No.472 (TRS 472). It provides radioecological concepts, models, parameters and data for assessing site-specific past, present and potential future radiation exposures of humans and other biota in terrestrial and freshwater environments in various climate conditions. It can be used for radioecological assessment of both routine discharges of radionuclides to the environment and accidental releases. In addition, it will serve as background documentation for other relevant activities, such as training in radioecology and radiation protection.--Publisher's description.
Author: Dinesh Kumar Aswal
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819727952
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 700
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Book Description
Author: Dharmendra Kumar Gupta
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319076655
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
This book focuses on the mechanistic (microscopic) understanding of radionuclide uptake by plants in contaminated soils and potential use of phytoremediation. The key features concern radionuclide toxicity in plants, how the radioactive materials are absorbed by plants, and how the plants cope with the toxic responses. The respective chapters examine soil classification, natural plant selection, speciation of actinides, kinetic modeling, and case studies on cesium uptake after radiation accidents. Radionuclide contaminants pose serious problems for biological systems, due to their chemical toxicity and radiological effects. The processes by which radionuclides can be incorporated into vegetation can either originate from activity interception by external plant surfaces (either directly from the atmosphere or from resuspended material), or through uptake of radionuclides via the root system. Subsequent transfer of toxic elements to the human food chain is a concrete danger. Therefore, the molecular mechanisms and genetic basis of transport into and within plants needs to be understood for two reasons: The effectiveness of radionuclide uptake into crop plants – so-called transfer coefficient – is a prerequisite for the calculation of dose due to the food path. On the other hand, efficient radionuclide transfer into plants can be made use of for decontamination of land – so-called phytoremediation, the direct use of living, green plants for in situ removal of pollutants from the environment or to reduce their concentrations to harmless levels.
Author: Clemens Walther
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331922171X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 273
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Book Description
This book provides extensive and comprehensive information to researchers and academicians who are interested in radionuclide contamination, its sources and environmental impact. It is also useful for graduate and undergraduate students specializing in radioactive-waste disposal and its impact on natural as well as manmade environments. A number of sites are affected by large legacies of waste from the mining and processing of radioactive minerals. Over recent decades, several hundred radioactive isotopes (radioisotopes) of natural elements have been produced artificially, including 90Sr, 137Cs and 131I. Several other anthropogenic radioactive elements have also been produced in large quantities, for example technetium, neptunium, plutonium and americium, although plutonium does occur naturally in trace amounts in uranium ores. The deposition of radionuclides on vegetation and soil, as well as the uptake from polluted aquifers (root uptake or irrigation) are the initial point for their transfer into the terrestrial environment and into food chains. There are two principal deposition processes for the removal of pollutants from the atmosphere: dry deposition is the direct transfer through absorption of gases and particles by natural surfaces, such as vegetation, whereas showery or wet deposition is the transport of a substance from the atmosphere to the ground by snow, hail or rain. Once deposited on any vegetation, radionuclides are removed from plants by the airstre am and rain, either through percolation or by cuticular scratch. The increase in biomass during plant growth does not cause a loss of activity, but it does lead to a decrease in activity concentration due to effective dilution. There is also systemic transport (translocation) of radionuclides within the plant subsequent to foliar uptake, leading the transfer of chemical components to other parts of the plant that have not been contaminated directly.
Author: Ivancho Naletoski
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3662630214
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 195
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Book Description
This Open Access volume explains how major nuclear and radiological emergencies (NREs) can have implications at local, national and international level. The response to NREs requires a competent decision-making structure, clear communication and effective information exchange. National veterinary services have the responsibility to plan, design and manage animal production system in their countries. These activities cover animal health, animal movement control, production control and improvement, and control of the products of animal origin before their placement on the market. Release of radionuclides after NREs can cause substantial contamination in the animal production systems. Critical responsibility of veterinary authorities is therefore to prevent such contamination, establish early response mechanisms to mitigate the consequences and prevent placement of contaminated products of animal origin on the market for human consumption. This work summarizes the critical technical points for effective management of NREs for national veterinary services.
Author: R M Harrison
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1849732884
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
The environmental implications of generating electric power from nuclear fission have been a matter of concern since the construction of the earliest nuclear reactors and power stations in the 1950s. After two or more decades of construction of nuclear power stations, this ceased in many countries, largely as a result of concerns for the environment and human health. However, the pressing need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is leading many countries to plan extensive new programmes of construction of nuclear power stations which serves to re-emphasise concerns over environmental impacts. Volume 32 of the Issues in Environmental Science and Technology series is concerned with reviewing the political and social context for nuclear power generation, the nuclear fuel cycles and their implications for the environment. Known issues of nuclear accidents, the legacy of contaminated land and low level waste, and the decommissioning of nuclear sites are considered together with a more forward look at the deep geological disposal of high level waste and the pathways of radioactive substances in the environment and their implications for human and non-human organisms. This topical work will be of interest to scientists and policy makers working within this field or related areas as well as advanced students.
Author: Dharmendra K. Gupta
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030149617
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
In recent years, radioactive contamination in the environment by uranium (U) and its daughters has caused increasing concerns globally. This book provides recent developments and comprehensive knowledge to the researchers and academicians who are working on uranium contaminated areas worldwide. This book covers topics ranging from the beginning of the nuclear age until today, including historical views and epidemiological studies. Modelling practices and evaluation of radiological and chemical impact of uranium on man and the environment are included. Also covered are analytical methods used for the determination of uranium in geo/bio environments. Some chapters explore factors which influence uranium speciation and in consequence plant uptake/translocation. Last but not least, several chapters provide approaches and practices for remediation of uranium contaminated areas.
