Author: Amber Benezra
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 1452969213
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 259
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Book Description
A fascinating ethnography of microbes that opens up new spaces for anthropological inquiry The trillions of microbes in and on our bodies are determined by not only biology but also our social connections. Gut Anthro tells the fascinating story of how a sociocultural anthropologist developed a collaborative “anthropology of microbes” with a human microbial ecologist to address global health crises across disciplines. It asks: what would it mean for anthropology to act with science? Based partly at a preeminent U.S. lab studying the human microbiome, the Center for Genome Sciences at Washington University, and partly at a field site in Bangladesh studying infant malnutrition, it examines how microbes travel between human guts in the “field” and in microbiome laboratories, influencing definitions of health and disease, and how the microbiome can change our views on evolution, agency, and life. As lab scientists studied the interrelationships between gut microbes and malnutrition in resource-poor countries, Amber Benezra explored ways to reconcile the scale and speed differences between the lab, the intimate biosocial practices of Bangladeshi mothers and their children, and the looming structural violence of poverty. In vital ways, Gut Anthro is about what it means to collaborate—with mothers, local field researchers in Bangladesh, massive philanthropic global health organizations, with the microbiome scientists, and, of course, with microbes. It follows microbes through various enactments in scientific research—microbes as kin, as data, and as race. Revealing how racial categories are used in microbiome research, Benezra argues that microbial differences need transdisciplinary collaboration to address racial health disparities without reifying race as a straightforward biological or social designation. Gut Anthro is a tour de force of science studies and medical anthropology as well as an intensely personal and deeply theoretical accounting of what it means to do anthropology today. Cover alt text: Black background overlaid with a pink organic path suggestive of a human digestive system. Title appears within the guts as if being processed.
Author: Amy Zhang
Publisher: Stanford University Press
ISBN: 1503639304
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
After four decades of reform and development, China is confronting a domestic waste crisis. As the world's largest waste-generating nation, the World Economic Forum projects that by 2030, the volume of household waste in China will be double that of the United States. Starting in the early 2000s, Chinese policymakers came to see waste management as an object of environmental governance central to the creation of "modern" cities, and experimented with the circular economy, in which technology and policy could convert all forms of waste back into resources. Based on long-term research in Guangzhou, Circular Ecologies critically analyzes the implementation of technologies and infrastructures to modernize a mega-city's waste management system, and the grassroots ecological politics that emerged in response. In Guangzhou, waste's transformation revealed uncomfortable truths about China's environmental governance: a preference for technology over labor, the aestheticization of order, and the expropriation of value in service of an ecological vision. Amy Zhang argues that in post-reform China, waste—the material vestige of decades of growth and increasing consumption—is a systemic irritant that troubles China's technocratic governance. Waste provoked an unlikely coalition of urban communities, from the middle class to precarious migrant workers, that came to constitute a nascent, bottom-up environmental politics, and offers a model for conceptualizing ecological action under authoritarian conditions.
Author: Jeremy McClancy
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134777949
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Anthropology written for a popular audience is the most neglected branch of the discipline. In the 1980s postmodernist anthropologists began to explore the literary and reflective aspects of their work. Popularizing Anthropology advances that trend by looking at a key but previously marginalized genre of anthropology. The contributors, who are well known anthropologists, explore such themes as: why so many anthropologists are women; how the Japanese have reacted to Ruth Benedict; why Margaret Mead became so successful; how the French media promote Levi-Strauss and Louis Dumont; Why Bruce Chatwin tells us more about Aboriginals than many anthropologists in Australia; how personal accounts of fieldwork have evolved since the 1950s; how to write a personal account of fieldwork. Popularizing Anthropology unearths a submerged tradition within anthropology and reveals that, from the beginning, anthropologists have looked beyond the boundaries of the academy for their listeners. It aims to establish the popularization of the discipline as an illuminating topic of investigation in its own right, arguing that it is not an irrelevant appendage to the main body of the subject but has always been an integral part of it.
Author: Michelle Pentecost
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009201727
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
An indispensable guide for scholars completing interdisciplinary research in the field of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease.
Author: Alan Barnard
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316101932
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
Anthropology is a discipline very conscious of its history, and Alan Barnard has written a clear, balanced and judicious textbook that surveys the historical contexts of the great debates and traces the genealogies of theories and schools of thought. It also considers the problems involved in assessing these theories. The book covers the precursors of anthropology; evolutionism in all its guises; diffusionism and culture area theories, functionalism and structural-functionalism; action-centred theories; processual and Marxist perspectives; the many faces of relativism, structuralism and post-structuralism; and recent interpretive and postmodernist viewpoints.
Author: Matthew J. Wolf-Meyer
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 1452971064
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 381
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Book Description
Examining the racial underpinnings of food, microbial medicine, and disgust in America American Disgust shows how perceptions of disgust and fears of contamination are rooted in the country’s history of colonialism and racism. Drawing on colonial, corporate, and medical archives, Matthew J. Wolf-Meyer argues that microbial medicine is closely entwined with changing cultural experiences of digestion, excrement, and disgust that are inextricably tied to the creation of whiteness. Ranging from nineteenth-century colonial encounters with Native people to John Harvey Kellogg’s ideas around civilization and bowel movements to mid-twentieth-century diet and parenting advice books, Wolf-Meyer analyzes how embedded racist histories of digestion and disgust permeate contemporary debates around fecal microbial transplants and other bacteriotherapeutic treatments for gastrointestinal disease. At its core, American Disgust wrestles with how changing cultural notions of digestion—what goes into the body and what comes out of it—create and impose racial categories motivated by feelings of disgust rooted in American settler-colonial racism. It shows how disgust is a changing, yet fundamental, aspect of American subjectivity and that engaging with it—personally, politically, and theoretically—opens up possibilities for conceptualizing health at the individual, societal, and planetary levels.
Author: Gillian Tett
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1982140984
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
While today’s business world is dominated by technology and data analysis, award-winning financial journalist and anthropology PhD Gillian Tett advocates thinking like an anthropologist to better understand consumer behavior, markets, and organizations to address some of society’s most urgent challenges. Amid severe digital disruption, economic upheaval, and political flux, how can we make sense of the world? Leaders today typically look for answers in economic models, Big Data, or artificial intelligence platforms. Gillian Tett points to anthropology—the study of human culture. Anthropologists learn to get inside the minds of other people, helping them not only to understand other cultures but also to appraise their own environment with fresh perspective as an insider-outsider, gaining lateral vision. Today, anthropologists are more likely to study Amazon warehouses than remote Amazon tribes; they have done research into institutions and companies such as General Motors, Nestlé, Intel, and more, shedding light on practical questions such as how internet users really define themselves; why corporate projects fail; why bank traders miscalculate losses; how companies sell products like pet food and pensions; why pandemic policies succeed (or not). Anthropology makes the familiar seem unfamiliar and vice versa, giving us badly needed three-dimensional perspective in a world where many executives are plagued by tunnel vision, especially in fields like finance and technology. “Fascinating and surprising” (Fareed Zararia, CNN), Anthro-Vision offers a revolutionary new way for understanding the behavior of organizations, individuals, and markets in today’s ever-evolving world.
Author: Rebecca Gowland
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030273938
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Book Description
Over the past 20 years there has been increased research traction in the anthropology of childhood. However, infancy, the pregnant body and motherhood continue to be marginalised. This book will focus on the mother-infant relationship and the variable constructions of this dyad across cultures, including conceptualisations of the pregnant body, the beginnings of life, and implications for health. This is particularly topical because there is a burgeoning awareness within anthropology regarding the centrality of mother-infant interactions for understanding the evolution of our species, infant and maternal health and care strategies, epigenetic change, and biological and social development. This book will bring together cultural and biological anthropologists and archaeologists to examine the infant-maternal interface in past societies. It will showcase innovative theoretical and methodological approaches towards understanding societal constructions of foetal, infant and maternal bodies. It will emphasise their interconnectivity and will explore the broader significance of the mother/infant nexus for overall population well-being.
Author: Gerard E. Mullin
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439812640
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 508
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Book Description
While the gastrointestinal tract ingests, digests, and absorbs nutrients, the liver transforms nutrients, synthesizes plasma proteins, and detoxifies bacteria and toxins absorbed from the gut. It is therefore not surprising that gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases have a major impact on the nutritional state of the individual. Integrating nutrition and the gastrointestinal system, the Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Nutrition Desk Reference brings together experts in the field of nutrition, gastroenterology, and hepatology to offer dietary, nutritional, and natural therapies for gastrointestinal and hepatic ailments in order to improve overall health. Providing a review of the digestive tract, liver, and core concepts, this important reference presents the nutritional consequences and considerations of digestive disorders. Contributors examine the role of nutrition in gastrointestinal and liver disease, including alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, malabsorption, colorectal disease, transplantation, pancreatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Of special interest to the practitioner are chapters on food allergy and intolerance, the effects of medicinal plants, and the role of fiber in the gastrointestinal tract. The reference also addresses the challenges of managing nutritional issues for hospitalized patients and covers eating disorders and ethical issues. Other key topics include: Obesity Clinical applications of probiotics The impact of micronutrient deficiencies Genomic applications for gastrointestinal care Drug-drug and drug-nutrient interactions Guidelines for performing a nutrition assessment This comprehensive reference offers a toolbox of key concepts, charts, tables, algorithms, and practical therapeutic strategies for practitioners involved in gastrointestinal and hepatic nutrition care. Dr. Mullin maintains a website discussing the integration of both Eastern and Western (conventional) medicines to help patients overcome their digestive illnesses.
Author: F. Hammer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401027382
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
Die Absicht vorliegender Studie ist zunachst eine kritische Priifung der philosophischen Anthropologie Max Schelers. Die Zeit von vierzig Jahren seit Schelers Tod, wahrend der die Ent wicklung der philosophischen Bemiihung urn Wesen und Wirk Abstand lichkeit des Menschen nicht stillstand, diirfte geniigend bieten fUr eine niichterne, person- und sachgerechte Bewaltigung dieser Aufgabe. Leitender Gesichtspunkt sind dabei die christ lichen bzw. theologischen Implikationen im Schelerschen Men schenbild. N ach der philosophischen Gotteslehre ist die philo sophische Anthropologie wohl am meisten aus der stet en Aus einandersetzung mit christlichem Gedankengut gewachsen. "Seitdem das Christentum in die Welt getreten ist, hat es im Abendland kein Nachdenken iiber Wesen und Wert des mensch lichen Daseins gegeben, das von dem EinfluB der christlichen Gedankenwelt v611ig unberiihrt geblieben ware."l Kaum ein anderer anthropologisch orientierter Denker un seres J ahrhun derts entspricht mehr dieser Diagnose als Max Scheler, mit dessen Namen die "philosophische Anthropologie" im engeren Sinn un- 16sbar verbunden bleibt. Die Tatsache der starken christlich-theologischen Beeinflus sung Schelers machte es notwendig, daB in unserer Arbeit immer wieder auch theologische Fragestellungen mitberiicksichtigt wer den muBten. Dies geschah, sooft die Sache es erforderte, jedoch unbeschadet der philosophischen Grundabsicht vorliegender Ab handlung. Wenn von "christlichen" bzw. "theologischen" Implikationen in Schelers Menschdeutung die Rede ist, dann werden darunter 1 Th. Litt, Mensch u. Welt. Grundlinien einer Philosophie d. Geistes; Heidelberg 2 61, II.
