Group Cohesiveness as a Determinant of Egocentric Perceptions in Cooperative Groups PDF Download
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Author: Barry R. Schlenker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 41
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Book Description
It has been consistently found that members of cooperative groups claim greater personal responsibility for their group's performance after a group success rather than failure. However, when high group chesiveness is present norms and interpersonal bonds may exist that mitigate against taking high personal credit for success and low blame for failure. Hence, it was hypothesized that in high conesive groups, there would be little or no relationship between the assignment of personal responsibility and the quality of the group product, while in low cohesive groups, responsibility would be directly related to the quality of the group product. To test this hypothesis, 96 subjects interacted in four-person, problem-solving groups. Supposedly on the basis of prior individual test scores, subjects were informed that they were either highly compatible (high cohesiveness) or incompatible (low cohesiveness) with the other group members. After the group tasks, subjects were told that their group had been either very successful, very unsuccessful, or average on the problems. The results indicate that self-aggrandizement biases that occur at the expense of the group are greater in low rather than high cohesive groups, but primarily affect dominance and leadership feelings rather than other interpersonal perceptions.
Author: Barry R. Schlenker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 41
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Book Description
It has been consistently found that members of cooperative groups claim greater personal responsibility for their group's performance after a group success rather than failure. However, when high group chesiveness is present norms and interpersonal bonds may exist that mitigate against taking high personal credit for success and low blame for failure. Hence, it was hypothesized that in high conesive groups, there would be little or no relationship between the assignment of personal responsibility and the quality of the group product, while in low cohesive groups, responsibility would be directly related to the quality of the group product. To test this hypothesis, 96 subjects interacted in four-person, problem-solving groups. Supposedly on the basis of prior individual test scores, subjects were informed that they were either highly compatible (high cohesiveness) or incompatible (low cohesiveness) with the other group members. After the group tasks, subjects were told that their group had been either very successful, very unsuccessful, or average on the problems. The results indicate that self-aggrandizement biases that occur at the expense of the group are greater in low rather than high cohesive groups, but primarily affect dominance and leadership feelings rather than other interpersonal perceptions.
Author: Barry R. Schlenker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Members of cooperative groups usually claim greater personal responsibility for their group's performance after a group success than after a group failure, an attributional bias termed egocentrism. The present study attempted to replicate this basic effect and also to test the following hypotheses: (a) egocentrism would be greater when subjects privately record their perceptions than when they expect to share those perceptions with other group memebers, and (b) face-to-face interaction among group members during the problem/solving phase of the group's activities would increase group identification and decrease egocentrism as compared to non-face-to-face interaction.
Author: Mark Martinko
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781884015199
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
With Special Contributions from Bernard Weiner Ph.D. (UCLA) and Robert Lord Ph.D. (Univ. of Akron) Attribution theory is concerned with peoples causal explanation for outcomes: successes and failures. The basic premise is that beliefs about outcomes are a primary determinant of expectations and, consequently, future behavior. Attribution theory articulates how this process occurs and provides a basis for understanding that translates into practical action. Attribution Theory: An Organizational Perspective serves as a primary sourcebook of attribution theory as it relates to management and organizational behavior. The text provides an integrated explanation of the role and function of attribution theory in the organization. This important new book contains original empirical research relating attributions to leader evaluations, reactions to information technologies, management of diverse work groups, achievement, and executive succession and power. The contributors are from a variety of disciplines including management, psychology, education, educational psychology, and sociology.
Author: J. H. Harvey
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1134919387
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
Published in 1976, New Directions in Attribution Research is a valuable contribution to the field of Social Psychology.
Author: Rupert Brown
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470692707
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 576
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Book Description
This volume will provide an authoritative, state of the art overview of the field of intergroup processes. The volume is divided into nine major sections on cognition, motivation, emotion, communication and social influence, changing intergroup relations, social comparison, self-identity, methods and applications. Provides an authoritative, state of the art overview of the field of intergroup processes. Divided into nine major sections on cognition, motivation, emotion, communication and social influence, changing intergroup relations, social comparison, self-identity, methods and applications. Written by leading researchers in the field. Referenced throughout and include post-chapter annotated bibliographies so readers can access original research articles in order to further their study. Now available in full text online via xreferplus, the award-winning reference library on the web from xrefer. For more information, visit www.xreferplus.com
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Civil service
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Book Description
Author: Barry R. Schlenker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 41
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Book Description
People structure their retrospective analyses of events so that they receive personal credit for having produced desirable outcomes and avoid personal blame for having produced undesirable, negative outcomes -- a process termed egocentrism. The following are among the research findings: (1) It was demonstrated that egocentric perceptions occur in group situations, producing both self-enhancement and self-protection, often at the expense of others in the group. (2) Specific manifestations of ego were isolated. Egocentrism affects group members' feelings of personal responsibility for a group's performance relative responsibility for the group's performance, perceptions of dominance and leadership patterns, evaluations of the accuracy of group performance feedback, and perceptions of the amount of interpersonal agreement that existed amongst group members, and (3) The effects of situational and personality variables on egocentrism were tested. Egocentrism was minimized primarily when: group cohesiveness was high; members were self-conscious about their group roles; and group members received explicitly unfavorable evaluations from their peers. Egocentrism also was differentially affected by: personality variables such as self-esteem and Machiavellianism, sex, patterns of group dissent, leadership role in the group, and whether or not personal accounts of the group's activities would be seen by other group members.
Author: John E Michel
Publisher: Morgan James Publishing
ISBN: 1614484406
Category : Self-Help
Languages : en
Pages : 259
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Book Description
It’s certainly easy to understand why mediocrity seems to be the new norm in our country. After all, take a look around. As you read this we find ourselves burdened with immense national debt, polarized political parties, sky high unemployment, and increasing levels of hunger, homelessness, and hopelessness. All while our discontent with leaders across all segments of society leaves us scratching our heads and searching our hearts to understand, “how did we end up here?” The more important question, of course, is where do we go from here? And, as importantly, what role will you play? This is where I have some good news to offer. Mediocre Me reminds us the solution to the current mess we're in is already present—“invisible” in plain sight. It’s not found in another government program nor can it be dictated merely by expert opinions. Rather, the answer to our individual and collective challenges is found in the inspiring example of those citizen-leaders in our midst who are hard at work trying to move things solidly forward in their spheres of influence. And, best of all, they are waiting for more of us to join them. Sound frightening? Challenging? Too difficult to pull off, you say? Think again.
Author: Timothy M. Franz
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1405186771
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
Organizations thrive or struggle as a result of interactions among team members. To optimize the performance of teams, Group Dynamics and Team Interventions bridges the gap between the most up-to-date academic research findings about group behavior and real-life practice. Chapters summarize the theories behind group and team behavior while offering proven application and intervention techniques that can be utilized in workplace settings. Topics addressed include team formation and development; understanding culture and team diversity; improving team cohesion, decision making, and problem solving; managing and reducing team conflict; team leadership, power, and influence; and others. Brief case studies and interventions that illustrate each theory help to enhance the clarity of the topics. Group Dynamics and Team Interventions will benefit academics and practitioners alike, who gain from a better understanding of the dynamics that inform team behavior, along with assessment tools and practical intervention techniques to create and maintain a high-performing team.
Author: SINGH, ARUN KUMAR
Publisher: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
ISBN: 9389347262
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 752
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Book Description
This comprehensive book is an earnest endeavour to acquaint the reader with a thorough understanding of all important basic concepts, methods and facts of social psychology. The exhaustive treatment of the topics, in a cogent manner, enables the students to grasp the subject in an easy-to-understand manner. Logically organised into 17 chapters, the book commences with the introduction of social psychology, research methods, theoretical foundations, self and identity, social cognitions, perception and attribution, socialisation, social attitude and persuasion, and goes on to provide in-depth coverage of stereotyping, prejudices and discrimination, behaviours in groups, social norms and conformity behaviour, leadership and social power, interpersonal attraction and relationship, social influence, aggression, prosocial behaviour, language and communication, along with applications of social psychology. The theme of the book incorporates latest concepts and researches, especially Indian researches and findings, thus making the book more understandable and applicable in Indian context. Written in an engaging style, the book is intended for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of social psychology and sociology/social works. HIGHLIGHTS OF THE BOOK • The text encompasses adequate content of the subject required at the university level as well as for UGC/NET examination. • Every chapter begins with learning objectives, followed by key terms and ends with summary and review questions. • The text emphasises clarity (avoids technical language) to enhance its effectiveness. • Objective-type questions given at the end of the book test the students' understanding of the concepts. • Glossary is provided at the end of the book to provide reference and at-a-glance understanding. NEW TO THE EDITION • Expands and clarifies a number of concepts in an easy-to-understand language. • Additional questions (objective-type) based on the demand of the students. • New and replacement figures for clear understanding of the concepts. TARGET AUDIENCE • BA/BSc (Psychology) • MA/MSc (Psychology) • MSW/MA (Social Work)
