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Author: Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659689482
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
Yield is economically most important and most complex polygenic trait. To meet the today's challenges new genotypes of wheat are being evaluated by continued genetic recombination. Efforts to improve wheat plant have been made at various plant characters. Yield component breeding and modification of the plant architecture offer possibilities to develop more efficient breeding systems for increased grain yield.Therefore, the present studies were designed the genetic behavior of some polygenic (Morpho-physiological) characters of spring wheat were brought under consideration in order to determine the Gene action involved in their inheritance. Information so derived would be efficiently exploited to design suitable strategies for sustained genetic improvement of this essential food crop.
Author: Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659689482
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
Yield is economically most important and most complex polygenic trait. To meet the today's challenges new genotypes of wheat are being evaluated by continued genetic recombination. Efforts to improve wheat plant have been made at various plant characters. Yield component breeding and modification of the plant architecture offer possibilities to develop more efficient breeding systems for increased grain yield.Therefore, the present studies were designed the genetic behavior of some polygenic (Morpho-physiological) characters of spring wheat were brought under consideration in order to determine the Gene action involved in their inheritance. Information so derived would be efficiently exploited to design suitable strategies for sustained genetic improvement of this essential food crop.
Author: Sonia Chaman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 169
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Book Description
Author: Delphine Fleury
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781493904464
Category : Plant breeding
Languages : en
Pages : 255
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Book Description
Author: Madhav Bhatta
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438662186
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW; 2n=6x=42, AABBDD, Triticum aestivum L.) is produced from an interspecific cross between durum wheat (2n=4x=28, AABB, T. turgidum L.) and goat grass (2n=2x=14, DD, Aegilops tauschii Coss.). It is reported to have a considerable amount of genetic diversity and is a potential source of novel alleles controlling abiotic and biotic stresses resistance and improving wheat quality. Therefore, the first study was to understand the genetic diversity and population structure of SHWs and compare the genetic diversity of SHWs with elite bread wheat (BW) cultivars. The result of this study identified a wide range of genetic diversity within the SHWs. The genetic diversity of the ABD and D-genome of SHWs were 50% and 88.2%, respectively, higher than that found on the respective genome in a sample of elite BW cultivars. The second study was to identify novel genomic regions and underlying genes associated with grain yield and yield-related traits under two drought-stressed environments. This study identified 90 novel genomic regions and haplotype blocks associated with improving grain yield and yield-related traits with phenotypic variance explained of up to 32.3%. The third study was to identify common bunt resistance genotypes, genomic regions and underlying genes conferring resistance to common bunt. This study identified 29 resistant SHWs and 15 genomic regions (five were novel) conferring resistance to common bunt. The fourth study to explore the genetic variation of 10-grain minerals (Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn, Ni, and Zn) and grain protein concentration (GPC); identify marker-trait associations and candidate genes associated with grain minerals using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). A wide range of genetic variation identified within SHWs for GPC and grain mineral concentrations. A GWAS identified 92 genomic regions (60 were novel and 40 were within genes) associated with increasing beneficial grain mineral concentration and decreasing concentration of toxic compound such as Cd. The results from this research will be valuable for broadening the genetic base of wheat and could assist in further understanding of the genetic architecture of traits under biotic and abiotic stresses.
Author: Gaoneng Shao
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832545211
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Author: R. K. Rathore
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659796753
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Wheat encounters severe salt problems in comparison to rainy season crops because of high salt concentration which is built up in the root zone owing to high crop transpiration or by the use of saline water which adversely affects the growth of plant due to osmotic effects, ionic toxicity, nutritional imbalances and physico-chemical degradation of soil. Although reclamation is a solution to this problem but scarcity of irrigation water, financial constraints and lack of drainage facility hampers its implementation. In such an eventuality, breeding for salinity tolerance is the only admirable approach. Available information on genetic architecture of yield and it's contributing characters of bread wheat for salinity conditions is very less; thus it is necessary to study the genetics for yield and related characteristics and their inheritance under salinity conditions. The ensuing investigation were undertaken to analyse three crosses of wheat including salinity tolerant parents under saline and normal environments with the relevant objectives like estimation of the magnitude of gene effects for yield and its contributing characters in three crosses of wheat for improving tolerance.
Author: Yasunari Ogihara
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 4431556753
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 421
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Book Description
This proceedings is a collection of 46 selected papers that were presented at the 12th International Wheat Genetics Symposium (IWGS). Since the launch of the wheat genome sequencing project in 2005, the arrival of draft genome sequences has marked a new era in wheat genetics and genomics, catalyzing rapid advancement in the field. This book provides a comprehensive review of the forefront of wheat research, across various important topics such as germplasm and genetic diversity, cytogenetics and allopolyploid evolution, genome sequencing, structural and functional genomics, gene function and molecular biology, biotic stress, abiotic stress, grain quality, and classical and molecular breeding. Following an introduction, 9 parts of the book are dedicated to each of these topics. A final, 11th part entitled “Toward Sustainable Wheat Production” contains 7 excellent papers that were presented in the 12th IWGS Special Session supported by the OECD. With rapid population growth and radical climate changes, the world faces a global food crisis and is in need of another Green Revolution to boost yields of wheat and other widely grown staple crops. Although this book focuses on wheat, many of the newly developed techniques and results presented here can be applied to other plant species with large and complex genomes. As such, this volume is highly recommended for all students and researchers in wheat sciences and related plant sciences and for those who are interested in stable food production and food security.
Author: Bruce Walsh
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192566644
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1504
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Book Description
Quantitative traits-be they morphological or physiological characters, aspects of behavior, or genome-level features such as the amount of RNA or protein expression for a specific gene-usually show considerable variation within and among populations. Quantitative genetics, also referred to as the genetics of complex traits, is the study of such characters and is based on mathematical models of evolution in which many genes influence the trait and in which non-genetic factors may also be important. Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits presents a holistic treatment of the subject, showing the interplay between theory and data with extensive discussions on statistical issues relating to the estimation of the biologically relevant parameters for these models. Quantitative genetics is viewed as the bridge between complex mathematical models of trait evolution and real-world data, and the authors have clearly framed their treatment as such. This is the second volume in a planned trilogy that summarizes the modern field of quantitative genetics, informed by empirical observations from wide-ranging fields (agriculture, evolution, ecology, and human biology) as well as population genetics, statistical theory, mathematical modeling, genetics, and genomics. Whilst volume 1 (1998) dealt with the genetics of such traits, the main focus of volume 2 is on their evolution, with a special emphasis on detecting selection (ranging from the use of genomic and historical data through to ecological field data) and examining its consequences.
Author: Samer Amer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Juan David Jimenez Pardo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple cereal that provides 20% of the calories and proteins in human intake (Ray et al., 2013). Global population is projected to increase to 9.7 billion by 2050. Food production must increase by 70% to feed this future population. Wheat production is in crisis due to political and environmental challenges and is projected to decline by 0.8% in 2022 (FAO, 2022). To ensure food security yield genetic gain must increase by around 1.4% annually. Taking advantage of heterosis, hybrid wheat has the potential to boost grain yield. However, hybrid wheat seed production systems are not profitable due to the cleistogamy of the crop (Longin et al., 2012). Selection of parental lines with beneficial floral traits is necessary to improve outcrossing ability and thus seed set in hybrid wheat production fields. While several studies have focused on the morphological and genetic variation of male floral traits, few have studied in detail the phenotypic and genetic architecture of female floral traits and their crucial importance in hybrid wheat seed production systems. This study aims to unravel the genetic architecture of key female floral traits for hybrid wheat seed production by phenotyping key female floral traits and conducting a genome wide association study to decipher the genetic basis of the phenotyped traits. We studied a panel of winter wheat breeding lines sprayed with the Chemical Hybridizing Agent Croisor®100. Gape Date, Gape Score, and CHA damage were measured during seven years and genotyped with 44,240 SNP markers. The phenotypic variation was very wide for all female traits in the phenotyped lines. We identified 73 significant marker-trait associations for all assessed traits. Three candidate genes coding for unknown proteins were the most promising and their specific biological function need to be explored. The understanding of the genetic architecture of the female floral traits, and the identified marker-trait associations and candidate genes in this study might serve as a foundation for future studies on developing female floral traits to enhance cross-pollination for effective hybrid wheat seed production.
