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Author: David Traum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
This paper describes a system for generating natural language sentences from an interlingual representation, Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS). This system has been developed as part of a Chinese-English Machine Translation system, however, it promises to be useful for many other MT language pairs. The generation system has also been used in Cross-Language information retrieval research (Levow et al., 2000). One of the big challenges in Natural Language processing efforts is to be able to make use of existing resources, a big difficulty being the sometimes large differences in syntax, semantics, and ontologies of such resources. A case in point is the interlingua representations used for machine translation and cross-language processing. Such representations are becoming fairly popular, yet there are widely different views about what these languages should be composed of, varying from purely conceptual knowledge-representations, having little to do with the structure of language, to very syntactic representations, maintaining most of the idiosyncracies of the source languages. In our generation system we make use of resources associated with two different (kinds of) interlingua structures: Lexical Conceptual Structures (LCS), and the Abstract Meaning Representations used at USC/ISI (Langkilde and Knight, 1998a).
Author: David Traum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
This paper describes a system for generating natural language sentences from an interlingual representation, Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS). This system has been developed as part of a Chinese-English Machine Translation system, however, it promises to be useful for many other MT language pairs. The generation system has also been used in Cross-Language information retrieval research (Levow et al., 2000). One of the big challenges in Natural Language processing efforts is to be able to make use of existing resources, a big difficulty being the sometimes large differences in syntax, semantics, and ontologies of such resources. A case in point is the interlingua representations used for machine translation and cross-language processing. Such representations are becoming fairly popular, yet there are widely different views about what these languages should be composed of, varying from purely conceptual knowledge-representations, having little to do with the structure of language, to very syntactic representations, maintaining most of the idiosyncracies of the source languages. In our generation system we make use of resources associated with two different (kinds of) interlingua structures: Lexical Conceptual Structures (LCS), and the Abstract Meaning Representations used at USC/ISI (Langkilde and Knight, 1998a).
Author: Nizar Habash
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
This paper describes a system for generating natural-language sentences from an interlingual representation, Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS). The system has been developed as part of a Chinese-English Machine Translation system; however, it is designed to be used for many other MT language pairs and Natural Language applications. The contributions of this work include: (1) Development of a language-independent generation system that maximizes efficiency through the use of a hybrid rule-based/statiscal module; (2) Enhancements to an interlingual representation and associated algorithms for interpretation of multiply ambiguous input sentences; (3) Development of an efficient reusable language-independent linearization module with a grammar description language that can be used with other systems; (4) Improvements to an earlier algorithm for hierarchically mapping thematic roles to surface positions; (5) Development of a diagnostic tool for lexicon coverage and correctness and use of the tool for verification of English, Spanish, and Chinese lexicons. An evaluation of translation quality shows comparable performance with commercial translation system. The generation system can also be straightforwardly extended to ther languages and this is demonstrated and evaluated for Spanish.
Author: Bonnie Jean Dorr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Computer programming
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
To determine the correct lexical items and syntactical realization associated with the surface form in such cases, the underlying lexical-semantic forms are systematically mapped to the target-language syntactic structures. The model described constitutes a lexical-semantic extention to UNITRAN [Dorr, 1987], a syntactic-based translation system that is bidirectional between Spanish and English."
Author: Aldo de Moor
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540405763
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
The book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS 2003, held in Dresden, Germany in July 2003. The 23 revised full papers presented together with 5 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected for presentation. The papers are organized in topical sections on the many facets of conceptual structures, logical and linguistic aspects, conceptual representation of time and space, deepening the formal theory and applications of conceptual structures.
Author: Kristel Proost
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9789027254122
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
This volume deals with the occurrence of lexical gaps in the domain of linguistic action verbs. Though these constitute a considerable proportion of the verb inventory of many languages, not all concepts of verbal communication may be expressed by lexical items in any particular one of them. Introducing a conceptual system which allows gaps to be searched for systematically, this study shows which concepts of verbal communication are and which are not lexicalised in English, German and Dutch. The lexicalisation patterns observed shed light on the way in which verbal behaviour is conceptualised in a particular speech community. To complete the picture, the volume also addresses the question of whether communication concepts which may not be expressed by verbs may be lexicalised by fixed multiword expressions.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
This paper describes a system for generating natural-language sentences from an interlingual representation, Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS). The system has been developed as part of a Chinese-English Machine Translation system; however, it is designed to be used for many other MT language pairs and Natural Language applications. The contributions of this work include: (1) Development of a language-independent generation system that maximizes efficiency through the use of a hybrid rule-based/statistical module; (2) Enhancements to an interlingual representation and associated algorithms for interpretation of multiply ambiguous input sentences; (3) Development of an efficient reusable language-independent linearization module with a grammar description language that can be used with other systems; (4) Improvements to an earlier algorithm for hierarchically mapping thematic roles to surface positions; (5) Development of a diagnostic tool for lexicon coverage and correctness and use of the tool for verification of English, Spanish, and Chinese lexicons. An evaluation of translation quality shows comparable performance with commercial translation system. The generation system can also be straightforwardly extended to their languages and this is demonstrated and evaluated for Spanish.
Author: Gerard Ellis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540601616
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Book Description
This book constitutes the proceedings of the Third International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS '95, held in Santa Cruz, California in August 1995. Conceptual structures are a modern treatment of Peirce's existential graphs, a graphic notation for classical logic with higher order extensions. Besides three invited papers, there are included 21 revised full papers selected from 58 submission. The volume reflects the state-of-the-art in this research area of growing interest. The papers are organized in sections on natural language, applications, programming in conceptual graphs, machine learning and knowledge acquisition, hardware and implementation, graph operations, and ontologies and theory.
Author: Bonnie Jean Dorr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lexicography
Languages : en
Pages : 21
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Book Description
Current approaches to generation for machine translation make use of direct-replacement templates, large grammars, and knowledge-based inferencing techniques. Not only are rules language-specific, but they are too simplistic to handle sentences that exhibit more complex phenomena. Furthermore, these systems are not easily extendable to other languages because the rules that map the internal representation to the surface form are entirely dependent on both the domain of the system and the language being generated. Finally an adequate interlingual representation has not yet been discovered; thus, knowledge-based inferencing is necessary and syntactic cross-linguistic generalization cannot be exploited. This report introduces a plan for the development of a theoretically based computational scheme of natural language generation for a translation system. The emphasis of the project is the mapping from the lexical conceptual structure of sentences to an underlying or base syntactic structure called deep structure. This approach tackles the problems of thematic and structural divergence, i.e., it allows generation of target language sentences that are not thematically or structurally equivalent to their conceptually equivalent source language counterparts. Two other more secondary tasks, construction of a dictionary and mapping from deep structure to surface structure, will also be discussed. The generator operates on a constrained grammatical theory rather than on a set of surface level transformations. (kr).
Author: Prof. Dr. Himpun Panggabean
Publisher: Pelita Kebenaran Press
ISBN: 6026126961
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
This book is essentially a research report written to provide study material for students of linguistics in Indonesia at the undergraduate as well as thegraduate level, in the effort to update the linguistics theoretical paradigm in Indonesia. A more precise understanding of how language works requires insight from the field of cognitive science. An understanding of the cognitive perspective of how language works will in turn enable the creation effective technology. This book is expected to provide helpful material and to guide students into a deeper interest in learning the cognitive and computational aspects of language that have become the emphasis of modern-day linguistics.
Author: Uta Priss
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540736808
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 525
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Book Description
Researchers and professionals in the relevant fields will find this book a must-read, as it defines the leading edge of current research into conceptual structures. It constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, held in Sheffield, UK in July 2007. With almost 50 papers contained in its 500 pages, it includes a special focus on the application of conceptual structures in business and technological settings and is organized into topical sections for ease of reference.
