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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 49
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 49
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Book Description
Author: Rieke Hinrichs
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656666830
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: First Class, New College Durham (New College Durham/ Leeds Metropolitan University), language: English, abstract: The purpose of this project was to analyse to what extent gender equality has been achieved, which barriers still exist in female employment and to evaluate opportunities for women in the UK in comparison to those in Germany. The author reviewed a wide array of sources, such as studies, laws and articles, but the main analysis was done on the basis of extensive data that has been collected by the OECD and the World Economic Forum. Based on those findings, gender gaps concerning labour force participation, occupational sectors and types of work as well as wages and pensions were identified for both countries. More specifically this paper provides information on the main barriers for women in employment, the most important of which are maledominated corporate cultures and discrimination. Especially mothers experience barriers, like the lack of affordable childcare, insufficient flexible working options, or the fact that people who use those are disadvantaged as well as unequal contribution of unpaid work and childcare, despite laws that allow fathers to participate more in family life. During the whole project, the applicability of theories such as the ‘Glass Ceiling’, the ‘Sticky Floor’ or the ‘Opt-Out Revolution’ has been tested in order to identify reasons for inequality. Furthermore, measures which have already been taken against the existing barriers were described, and some that could be taken in the future were suggested. Differences between conditions for women in Germany and the UK have been analysed, compared and evaluated, with the result that the UK offers slightly better chances, but both countries achieve quite different results in particular categories. Depending on which aspects a woman puts emphasis on, this thesis can help to decide which country is best to live and raise a family in.
Author: Petra Müller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
Outlines the political and scientific background of gender mainstreaming in German labour market policy and provides results for the years 1998 to 2001 on the access of women to measures, benefits and schemes of the Federal Employment Service and on their destination following the measures in comparison with men.
Author: Uta Meier-Gräwe
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3658266384
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 297
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Book Description
This volume addresses the family situation in Japan and Germany. Gender-segregated labor markets and precarious employment patterns bear detrimental consequences for the socioeconomic capacity to maintain family households and to have children. By applying a gender-sensitive approach, this volume’s focus is on the impact of family law, family policy , and family support measures. Scholars from Japan and Germany examine differences and characteristics of social security legislation, intergenerational support systems, single-parent families, inequality among households and poverty situations, local domestic and care service provision, female labor market participation, parental leave systems, organization of child care, domestic violence, historical developments of housework as an institution, and labor market policies.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264488545
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
The review analyses gender differences in job mobility and the earnings consequences of career breaks following childbirth to shed light on the evolution of the gender wage gap across the working life. To put results for Germany in context, they are systematically benchmarked to those of four nearby countries (i.e. Denmark, France, the Netherlands and Sweden). The policy discussion extends the empirical analysis by putting forward a comprehensive policy package with an emphasis on policies targeted at firms.
Author: Gottfried
Publisher: Lexington Books
ISBN: 1417503335
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 421
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Book Description
This edited collection assembles cutting-edge comparative policy research on contemporary policies relevant to gender and workplace issues. Contributors analyze contemporary gender-related employment policies ranging from parental leave and maternity programs, sexual harassment, and work/life balance to gender mainstreaming. Gender and Work in Comparative Perspective thoroughly illustrates the richness of understanding that can be gained through the juxtaposition of a variety of research methodologies focused on a common theme. The side-by-side presentation of single case studies on countries such as Canada, the United States, Germany, and Japan allows readers to compare and understand a wide range of policy options, thereby integrating what are usually separate bodies of research on the role of gender in welfare state developments, employment transformations, workplace policies, and work experience. An essential tool for scholars in many fields, this volume clearly illustrates how national approaches to gender and workplace policy form a spectrum of alternatives that, while rooted in the historical and social cultures of individual nation-states, are also subject to similar international global and economic forces.
Author: Petra Ahrens
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000821978
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
This book takes stock of German gender equality in several policy fields after 16 years of governments led by Angela Merkel and her conservative Christian Democratic Party (CDU). While maintaining its status as an economic engine in Europe, Germany has historically been a laggard in adopting gender equality measures. The European Gender Equality Index, however, now ranks Germany relatively high and shows substantial progress since 2005. While this has gone mostly unnoticed, Germany has passed far-reaching legislation in major policy fields relevant for gender equality. Investigating the effects of Merkel's tenure on gender equality, the chapters in this volume assess policy output and outcomes with a focus on internal power dynamics in Germany, as well as international and European Union (EU)-level pressures in the policy domains of political representation, LGBTI rights, migration, the labor market, and care. It examines how policy measures introduced by conservative governments affect gender norms and gender culture, and if they ultimately lead to effective implementation and greater equality. The book argues that Merkel often led “from behind,” indirectly facilitating claims-making instead of proactively pushing them. This nonetheless contributed to transformative change in Germany, by Merkel not blocking policy proposals and allowing civil society groups and rival parties to push many progressive gender policies. Leading from Behind: Gender Equality in Germany During the Merkel Era is a fascinating read for students, researchers, and academics interested in European politics, political leadership, gender equality and LGBTI politics. This book was originally published as a special issue of German Politics.
Author: Kirsten Kuptz
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3638278336
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 23
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Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject Sociology - Relationships and Family, grade: A, Johns Hopkins University, language: English, abstract: When in 1990 the two German states unified, the government of the FRG and the populations of both states faced a great challenge. During forty years, the democratic West Germany and the socialist East Germany had developed in opposite directions. The different legal, ideological, and economic systems were reflected in policies pursued by the governments. While individual lives in the East were substantially predetermined by the state, people in the West had greater personal autonomy in shaping their lives.This was highly visible in respect to the relationship between two essential life spheres: family and work. Despite the generally higher level of modernization, in the FRG the traditional family form of male breadwinner and female homemaker was prevailing and endorsed by the government. In the GDR, in contrast, policies focused on gender equality and the compatibility of employment and family for women. The process of unification, thus, meant a long and – initially underestimated – process of adaptation and accommodation. Speculations that women would turn out to be the losers of these developments soon proved right. They had to struggle in various domains: since the breakdown of Eastern industry, unemployment was a permanent threat; previously universal childcare centers and crèches closed in huge numbers; traditional gender roles and a completely different value system predominated in the new society. For East German women, therefore, new opportunities such as freedom of speech and to travel were accompanied by unknown feelings of uncertainty, insecurity, and fear of their own and their children’s future. This paper seeks to provide insight in the effects of German unification on women, in particular in the former GDR. The first section focuses on the circumstances, especially in terms of employment and family, under which women lived in the two German states. The major part of the paper discusses women’s lives after unification. A closer look is taken at changes in the spheres of work, fertility, marriage, housework, and at last women’s attitudes toward aspects of their ‘new lives’.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789282369920
Category : Equality before the law
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
Upon request by the FEMM Committee, this note provides an overview of the gender-equality legislation and policies in Germany, focussing on their recent developments and achievements. It reviews gender equality in decision-making, in employment, reconciliation of private and professional life, strategies to combat violence against women and sexual and reproductive health rights. Germany has achieved some progress in gender equality, mainly in the area of employment. European legislation has acted as the main driver for legal improvements in equal treatment and anti-discrimination.
Author: Group of Experts on Gender, Social Inclusion and Employment (European Commission)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Discrimination in employment
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
Recoge: 1. Gender mainstreaming employment policy: achecklist - 2. Gender mainstreaming and gender equality in 30 European countries - 3. Active labour market policies - 4. Pay and career policies - 5. Reconciliation policies - 6. Flexicurity policies - 7. Concluding remarks.
