Gender Differences in Attitudes Towards Credit, Terms of Trade, and the Household Balance Sheet PDF Download
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Author: Julie Lyn Routzahn
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267072603
Category : Consumer credit
Languages : en
Pages : 146
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Book Description
Changes in lending and financial innovations in the last 20 years increased access to debt. Consumers embraced the conveniences of debt, and social changes encouraged debt use. As a result, household debt grew considerably. Little is known about how these changes in the availability of debt affected women's finances. It does seem that bankruptcy rates grew, particularly for women, with women accounting for 30% of all bankruptcy filings in 1997 (Sullivan and Warren 1999). No previous research focuses on understanding differences in household debt by gender. We do not know if women prefer different relative amounts of debt, if they use different types of lending arrangements, and if they choose different balance sheet ratios relative to men. The objective of this dissertation is to determine the extent to which gender differences in attitudes towards credit, and gender differences in the terms of borrowing can explain gender differences in household balance sheets. To accomplish the objectives, I use the 2007 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF).
Author: Julie Lyn Routzahn
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267072603
Category : Consumer credit
Languages : en
Pages : 146
Get Book Here
Book Description
Changes in lending and financial innovations in the last 20 years increased access to debt. Consumers embraced the conveniences of debt, and social changes encouraged debt use. As a result, household debt grew considerably. Little is known about how these changes in the availability of debt affected women's finances. It does seem that bankruptcy rates grew, particularly for women, with women accounting for 30% of all bankruptcy filings in 1997 (Sullivan and Warren 1999). No previous research focuses on understanding differences in household debt by gender. We do not know if women prefer different relative amounts of debt, if they use different types of lending arrangements, and if they choose different balance sheet ratios relative to men. The objective of this dissertation is to determine the extent to which gender differences in attitudes towards credit, and gender differences in the terms of borrowing can explain gender differences in household balance sheets. To accomplish the objectives, I use the 2007 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF).
Author: Anh-Nga Tran-Nguyen
Publisher: United Nations Publications
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
Equal rights between men and women are enshrined as a fundamental human right in the UN Charter, and reflected in various internationally agreed instruments, such as the 1979 Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the 1995 Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. Although there has been notable progress in some areas, in most nations women are still at a disadvantage in terms of their role and position in the economic and political arenas. This publication examines the gender dimension of trade and seeks to identify policy challenges and responses to promote gender equality in light of increasing globalisation. Issues discussed include: economics of gender equality, international trade and development; multilateral negotiations on agriculture in developing countries; gender-related issues in the textiles and clothing sectors; international trade in services; gender and the TRIPS Agreement; the impact of WTO rules on gender equality; human rights aspects; fair trade initiatives; the role of IT in promoting gender equality, the Gender Trade Impact Assessment and trade reform.
Author: Ms.Katrin Elborgh-Woytek
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484371240
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
The proposed SDN discusses the specific macro-critical aspects of women’s participation in the labor market and the constraints that prevent women from developing their full economic potential. Building on earlier Fund analysis, work undertaken by other organizations and academic research, the SDN presents possible policies to overcome these obstacles in different types of countries.
Author:
Publisher: United Nations Publications
ISBN: 9789211302752
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
Ensuring women's economic empowerment and access to and control over resources requires an integrated approach to growth and development, focused on gender-responsive employment promotion and informed by the interdependency between economic and social development. Social objectives need to be incorporated into economic policies. Economic growth strategies should give attention to the real economy and focus on creating a gender-sensitive macroeconomic environment, full employment and decent work, access to land, property and other productive resources as well as financial services, and full coverage of social protection measures. The Survey outlines a number of concrete recommendations in these critical areas, which if adopted, will facilitate women's equitable access to and control over economic and financial resources.
Author: Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513547437
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
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Book Description
This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Author: Raquel Fernández
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513571168
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
This paper considers various dimensions and sources of gender inequality and presents policies and best practices to address these. With women accounting for fifty percent of the global population, inclusive growth can only be achieved if it promotes gender equality. Despite recent progress, gender gaps remain across all stages of life, including before birth, and negatively impact health, education, and economic outcomes for women. The roadmap to gender equality has to rely on legal framework reforms, policies to promote equal access, and efforts to tackle entrenched social norms. These need to be set in the context of arising new trends such as digitalization, climate change, as well as shocks such as pandemics.
Author: G. Constantinides
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780444513632
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 698
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Book Description
Arbitrage, State Prices and Portfolio Theory / Philip h. Dybvig and Stephen a. Ross / - Intertemporal Asset Pricing Theory / Darrell Duffle / - Tests of Multifactor Pricing Models, Volatility Bounds and Portfolio Performance / Wayne E. Ferson / - Consumption-Based Asset Pricing / John y Campbell / - The Equity Premium in Retrospect / Rainish Mehra and Edward c. Prescott / - Anomalies and Market Efficiency / William Schwert / - Are Financial Assets Priced Locally or Globally? / G. Andrew Karolyi and Rene M. Stuli / - Microstructure and Asset Pricing / David Easley and Maureen O'hara / - A Survey of Behavioral Finance / Nicholas Barberis and Richard Thaler / - Derivatives / Robert E. Whaley / - Fixed-Income Pricing / Qiang Dai and Kenneth J. Singleton.
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464814414
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.
Author: Jeni Klugman
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464803609
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
Despite recent advances in important aspects of the lives of girls and women, pervasive challenges remain. These challenges reflect widespread deprivations and constraints and include epidemic levels of gender-based violence and discriminatory laws and norms that prevent women from owning property, being educated, and making meaningful decisions about their own lives--such as whether and when to marry or have children. These often violate their most basic rights and are magnified and multiplied by poverty and lack of education. This groundbreaking book distills vast data and hundreds of studies to shed new light on deprivations and constraints facing the voice and agency of women and girls worldwide, and on the associated costs for individuals, families, communities, and global development. The volume presents major new findings about the patterns of constraints and overlapping deprivations and focuses on several areas key to women s empowerment: freedom from violence, sexual and reproductive health and rights, ownership of land and housing, and voice and collective action. It highlights promising reforms and interventions from around the world and lays out an urgent agenda for governments, civil society, development agencies, and other stakeholders, including a call for greater investment in data and knowledge to benchmark progress.
Author: Jonathan Bradshaw
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351727826
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 291
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Book Description
This title was first published in 2000: This collection of papers reviews the theory, method and policy relevance of post-war poverty research. It is designed to contribute to bringing high quality research in this area back to the centre of both social research and informed policy debate.
