Functional Organization of Visual Cortex in Bush Babies and Owl Monkeys Revealed by Optical Imaging of Intrinsic Signals PDF Download
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Author: Xiangmin Xu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Galagos
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Author: Xiangmin Xu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Galagos
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Author: Peter Matthew Kaskan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Night monkeys
Languages : en
Pages : 394
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Author: Estela V. O'Brien
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 754
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Author: Alan Peters
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475796285
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
Volume 10 is a direct continuation and extension of Volume 3 in this series, Visual Cortex. Given the impressive proliferation of papers on visual cortex over the intervening eight years, Volume 10 has specifically targeted visual cortex in primates and, even so, it has not been possible to survey all of the major or relevant developments in this area. Some research areas are experiencing rapid change and can best be treated more comprehensively in a subsequent volume; for example, elaboration of color vision; patterns and subdivisions of functional columns. One major goal of this volume has been to provide an overview of the intrinsic structural and functional aspects of area 17 itself. Considerable pro gress has been made since 1985 in unraveling the modular and laminar organi zation of area 17; and this aspect is directly addressed in the chapters by Peters, Lund et al., Wong-Riley, and Casagrande and Kaas. A recurring leitmotif here is the evidence for precise and exquisite order in the interlaminar and tangential connectivity of elements. At the same time, however, as detailed by Lund et al. and Casagrande and Kaas, the very richness of the connectivity implies a multi plicity of processing routes. This reinforces evidence that parallel pathways may not be strictly segregated. Further connectional complexity is contributed by the various sets of inhibitory neurons, as reviewed by Lund et al. and Jones et al.
Author: National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 916
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Primates
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Author: Koen Nelissen
Publisher: Leuven University Press
ISBN: 9789058675415
Category : Rhesus monkey
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
In this thesis, we examined the monkey cortical regions involved in processing of color, visual motion information, and the recognition of actions done by others. The aim was to gain better insight in the functional organization of the monkey visual cortex using in-house developed functional imaging techniques. Two different functional imaging techniques were used in these studies, the double-label deoxyglucose technique (DG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in the awake monkey (Chapter 2). Both techniques allow to obtain an overview of stimulus-related neural activity throughout the whole brain, integrated over a limited amount of time. The results of the color experiments (Chapter 3) clearly showed that color related information is processed within a group of areas belonging to the ventral stream, which is involved in the perception of objects. Color-related metabolic activity was observed in visual areas V1, V2, V3, V4 and inferotemporal cortex (area TEO and TE). These findings set to rest the longstanding controversial claims that color would be processed almost selectively in one extrastriate visual area (V4) (Zeki SM, Brain Res 1973 53: 422-427). These results also show the usefulness of whole brain functional mapping techniques, as a complimentary approach to single cell measurements. In Chapter 4, we investigated which regions in the superior temporal sulcus (STS) of the monkey are involved in the analysis of motion. While the caudal part of the STS has been studied extensively, including area MT/V5 and MST, little is known about motion sensitivity in more anterior-ventral STS regions. Using fMRI, we were able to localize and delineate six different motion sensitive regions in the STS. One of these regions, that we termed 1st (lower superior temporal), had not been described so far. We were able to further characterize the six motion sensitive regions, using a wide variety of motion-sensitivity tests. The results of the latter tests suggested that motion related information might be processed along a second pathway within the STS, in addition to the MT-MST path (which is involved in the perception of heading). This second pathway, which includes the more rostral motion sensitive STS regions (FST, 1st and STPm) is possibly involved in the visual processing of biological movements (movements of animate objects) and actions. Finally, we investigated how and where in the monkey brain visual information about actions done is processed (Chapter 5 and 6). We found (Chapter 5) that, in agreement with earlier single unit results, the observation of grasping movements activates several regions in the premotor cortex of the monkey. Remarkable is that these premotor regions predominantly have a motor function, coding different types of higher order motor acts (for instance grasping of an object). These results are in agreement with earlier suggestions that we are able to understand actions done by others, because observation of a particular motor act activates our own motor representation of the same act. Furthermore, these studies suggested that within the frontal cortex of the monkey, there is a distinction between context-dependent (a person grasping) and more abstract (a hand grasping) action representations. In Chapter 6 we studied two other regions which are involved in the processing of visual information of actions done by others, the superior temporal sulcus (STS) and the parietal cortex. In the parietal cortex, we found a similar distinction between context-dependent and more abstract action representations as observed in prefrontal cortex. These results suggest that the parietal cortex is not only involved in the visual control of action planning, but also in the visual processing of actions performed by others. Based upon anatomical connections between the STS, parietal and frontal regions and motion-, form- and action-related functional properties of the former regions, we tentatively suggest how information about actions done by others might be sent from the STS to the frontal cortex along three different pathways. The latter working hypothesis will be tested in the future by additional fMRI control experiments and by combining fMRI, inactivation and microstimulation experiments while monkeys perform grasping tasks and/or view actions performed by others.
Author: Jon H. Kaas
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203507592
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 439
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Book Description
The last 20 years of research have been marked by exceptional progress in understanding the organization and functions of the primate visual system. This understanding has been based on the wide application of traditional and newly emerging methods for identifying the functionally significant subdivisions of the system, their interconnections, the
Author: Jon H. Kaas
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN:
Category : Nervous system
Languages : en
Pages : 766
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