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Author: J. Mayo Greenberg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401148066
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 590
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Book Description
Interstellar dust, meteorites, interplanetary dust particles (IDP's), the zodiacal light, comets, comet dust. Where do they come from, what are they made of, how do they evolve, and finally, are there connections between them? These are the questions discussed in this volume by some of the world's outstanding experts in their respective fields. The techniques used for studying the `small' solid objects of space are thoroughly discussed. Some of the methods involve a synthetic approach using the laboratory to create analog environments and materials which are believed to resemble those in space. Others use direct laboratory methods with state-of-the-art analytical tools to study the material of the objects themselves - meteorites, IDP'S. And others apply the latest in astronomical facilities to provide quantitative data on the material properties of the solids which can only be deduced from remote observations, These are compared with the laboratory results. In one instance there was a possibility to study a solar system body in situ and that was the case of comet Halley and some of the results of these studies obtained from space `laboratories' launched to meet it are discussed here. Finally, there are theoretical papers which are aimed at bridging the results of observational and laboratory methods. This book is recommended to senior scientists as well as graduate students who wish to pursue research in interstellar and solar system astronomy and their connections.
Author: J. Mayo Greenberg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401148066
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 590
Get Book Here
Book Description
Interstellar dust, meteorites, interplanetary dust particles (IDP's), the zodiacal light, comets, comet dust. Where do they come from, what are they made of, how do they evolve, and finally, are there connections between them? These are the questions discussed in this volume by some of the world's outstanding experts in their respective fields. The techniques used for studying the `small' solid objects of space are thoroughly discussed. Some of the methods involve a synthetic approach using the laboratory to create analog environments and materials which are believed to resemble those in space. Others use direct laboratory methods with state-of-the-art analytical tools to study the material of the objects themselves - meteorites, IDP'S. And others apply the latest in astronomical facilities to provide quantitative data on the material properties of the solids which can only be deduced from remote observations, These are compared with the laboratory results. In one instance there was a possibility to study a solar system body in situ and that was the case of comet Halley and some of the results of these studies obtained from space `laboratories' launched to meet it are discussed here. Finally, there are theoretical papers which are aimed at bridging the results of observational and laboratory methods. This book is recommended to senior scientists as well as graduate students who wish to pursue research in interstellar and solar system astronomy and their connections.
Author: I. Cherchneff
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401713073
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
Dust and molecules are found in a large variety of astrophysical environments, in particular in the circumstellar material ejected by evolved stars. This book brings together the leading astronomers and astrophysicists in the field of molecular astrophysics and stellar physics to discuss the important issues of dust and molecular formation, the role of solids in circumstellar environments, molecules as probes of circumstellar parameters, the stellar contribution to the enrichment of the Galaxy, and the latest observational data in various wavelength domains, in partiular in the infrared with results from the Infrared Space Observatory. The astrophysical senarios include late-type stars, novae, Wolf-Rayet stars, Luminous Blue Variables and supernovae. Audience: Researchers and graduate students in the fields of stellar physics, stellar evolution and astrochemistry.
Author: Gerhard Klare
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642741886
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
The annual meeting of the Astronomische Gesellschaft in Cologne, June 1988, featured extensive reviews of the chemical processes relevant to astrophysics. The twelve contributions to this book, written by experts from the US, UK, France, Belgium, Switzerland and Germany, deal in depth with the chemistry of comets and meteorites, of stars and their shells, of the interstellar medium and galaxies. A comprehensive review of nucleosynthesis and two reports on observations round off an up-to-date presentation of cosmic chemistry.
Author: Daniel A. Beysens
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000794881
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 317
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Book Description
This book has been prepared under the auspice of the European Low Gravity Research Association (ELGRA). The main task of ELGRA is to foster the scientific community in Europe and beyond in conducting gravity and space-related research.This publication is dedicated to the science community, and especially to the next generation of scientists and engineers interested in space research and in the means to use Earth to reproduce the space environment. ELGRA provides a comprehensive description of space conditions and the means that have been developed on Earth to perform space environmental and (micro-) gravity related research. .The book covers ground-based research instruments and environments for both life and physical sciences research. It discusses the opportunities and limitations of protocols and instruments to compensate gravity or simulate microgravity, such as clinostats, random positioning machines, levitating magnets, electric fields, vibrations, tail suspension or head down tilt, as well as centrifuges for hyper-g studies. Other space environmental conditions are addressed too, like cosmic radiation or Mars atmospheric and soil properties to be replicated and simulated on Earth. Future long duration of manned missions, personal well-being and crew interaction are major issues dealt with.
Author: T. W. Hartquist
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 9780198501589
Category : Galaxies
Languages : en
Pages : 562
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive survey of modern molecular astrophysics. It includes an introduction to molecular spectroscopy and then addresses the main areas of current molecular astrophysics, including galaxy formation, star forming regions, mass loss from young as well as highlyevolved stars and supernovae, starburst galaxies plus the tori and discs near the central engines of active galactic nuclei. All chapters have been written by invited authors who are acknowledged experts in their fields. The thorough editorial process has ensured a uniformly high standard ofexposition and a coherent style. The book is unique in giving a detailed view of its wide-ranging subject. It will provide the standard introduction for research students in molecular astrophysics. The book will be read by research astronomers and astrophysicists who wish to broaden the basis oftheir knowledge or are moving their activities into this burgeoning field. It will enable chemists to learn the astrophysics most related to chemistry as well as instruct physicists about the molecular processes most important in astronomy.
Author: M.F. Kessler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400972512
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 471
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Book Description
The last major conference on infrared astronomy was the IAU Symposium No. 96 in June 1980. Since then, the discipline has continued to mature and to contribute to all branches of astrophysics. One particular area of growth has been in spectroscopic capabilities at all infrared wavelengths. The purpose of the Symposium in Toledo was to review the scientific questions to be addressed via infrared spectroscopy and to provide, in the proceedings, a useful summary of the field. The sensitivity of infrared spectroscopic observations is still generally limited by detector characteristics or by thermal background radiation. However in recent years improvements in detector technology together with developments in spectroscopic instrumentation have made possible both quite detailed spectroscopy of the brighter members of many classes of galactic sources and also begun to open up some infrared spectroscopy of extragalactic sources. The potential of the field in the next decade or two is clear. The lRAS mission has completed one of the pre-requisites, namely an all-sky photometric survey. Major space missions utilising cryogenic infrared telescopes have been approved in Europe (ISO) and seem likely in the USA (SIRTF); plans for space submillimeter telescopes are firming up. On the ground large telescopes optimized for infrared observations are now in operation at high altitude sites and specialized submillimeter facilities are under construction. The particular advantages of planned, very large telescopes for infrared observations are widely accepted.
Author: John A. Wood
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cosmochemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Author: David A Williams
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1839169397
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 251
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Book Description
Ever wondered if the chemical processes taking place in space could be related to the origins of life? The authors of this book, both experienced astrochemists, embark on a discussion to find the answers to this question and more, and include a general introduction to astrochemistry for chemistry students. They explore chemistry occurring in the universe from its very early beginnings until the present era. Based on our current understanding, astrochemistry is known to occur in interstellar gas, on dust grains and in interstellar ices, in stellar atmospheres and envelopes, in dense star- and planet-forming regions, and on planets and other bodies in planetary systems. Recent observational discoveries supported by remarkable laboratory work emphasize chemical complexity, leading to answers to the tantalizing question: can this complexity be related to the origin of life? This book provides the tools to enable chemistry students to make their own computational investigations of astrochemistry and directs study across the chemical sciences and astronomy. Concentrating on fundamental processes, this book is a useful teaching aid.
Author: Jean Demaison
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401008329
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 355
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Book Description
Many satellites have recently been launched or are in preparation, which operate in the microwave to IR ranges, the main objective being to observe the earth's atmosphere or interstellar clouds. Analysis of the data they supply requires extensive laboratory work because we still only have sufficiently accurate data (line positions, intensities, and profiles) for only a few species. Furthermore, the observer community is making increasing calls for laboratory data, as new development open up new observational possibilities (such as submillimeter observation). Research on these subjects involves many different areas of specialisation in fields of research that generate a wealth of data. In Spectroscopy from Space the people responsible for field observations explain which results they are expecting from their measurements and how laboratory people can help them to analyse their satellite data. Laboratory spectroscopists explain why what they can do now, and what kinds of experiment and theoretical development that might undertake to meet the needs of the remote sensing community. The problems of distributing reliable laboratory data in a timely way are also addressed.
Author: Tsutomu Watanabe
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Like a river, the progress of science has a tendency to run tast or slow. Once the water meets a dam, it may stop for a while, but eventually it will flow over the top and run fast again. In scientific research, a breakthrough to overcome a simile>r barrier is often made by a small number of scientists, or perhaps by a single person of special creativity, extraordinary talent and unusual perseverance. Through such individuals science can proceed in great strides. No one can deny that Professor Kazuo Takayanagi is one of these special individuals who have played a leading role in the field of atomic and molecular physics, as well as space physics. This book is dedicated to Professor Takayanagi on the occasion of his retirement from the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science. Professor Takayanagi was born in 1926 and grew up in Tomakomai in Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan. In his boyhood, he was interested in natural sciences, particularly astronomy. On 5th February, 1943, when he was attending secondary school, a solar eclipse was seen in his town. He organized a group of students from his school to observe the eclipse. He still remembers the scene: it grew so dark during the eclipse that two stars, Vega and Arcturus, could be seen. After graduation from the University of Tokyo in 1948, he entered the graduate school there.
