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Author: Justin Jennings
Publisher: University Press of Florida
ISBN: 0813057728
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 333
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Book Description
In this ambitious work, Justin Jennings explores the origins, endurance, and elasticity of ideas about fairness and how these ideas have shaped the development of societies at critical moments over the last 20,000 years. He argues that humans have an innate expectation for fairness, a disposition that evolved during the Pleistocene era as a means of adapting to an unpredictable and often cruel climate. This deep-seated desire to do what felt right then impacted how our species transitioned into smaller territories, settled into villages, formed cities, expanded empires, and navigated capitalism. Paradoxically, the predilection to find fair solutions often led to entrenched inequities over time as cooperative groups grew in size, duration, and complexity. Using case studies ranging from Japanese hunter-gatherers to North African herders to protestors on Wall Street, this book offers a broad comparative reflection on the endurance of a universal human trait amidst radical social change. Jennings makes the case that if we acknowledge fairness as a guiding principle of society, we can better understand that the solutions to yesterday’s problems remain relevant to the global challenges that we face today. Finding Fairness is a sweeping, archaeologically grounded view of human history with thought-provoking implications for the contemporary world.
Author: Justin Jennings
Publisher: University Press of Florida
ISBN: 0813057728
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 333
Get Book Here
Book Description
In this ambitious work, Justin Jennings explores the origins, endurance, and elasticity of ideas about fairness and how these ideas have shaped the development of societies at critical moments over the last 20,000 years. He argues that humans have an innate expectation for fairness, a disposition that evolved during the Pleistocene era as a means of adapting to an unpredictable and often cruel climate. This deep-seated desire to do what felt right then impacted how our species transitioned into smaller territories, settled into villages, formed cities, expanded empires, and navigated capitalism. Paradoxically, the predilection to find fair solutions often led to entrenched inequities over time as cooperative groups grew in size, duration, and complexity. Using case studies ranging from Japanese hunter-gatherers to North African herders to protestors on Wall Street, this book offers a broad comparative reflection on the endurance of a universal human trait amidst radical social change. Jennings makes the case that if we acknowledge fairness as a guiding principle of society, we can better understand that the solutions to yesterday’s problems remain relevant to the global challenges that we face today. Finding Fairness is a sweeping, archaeologically grounded view of human history with thought-provoking implications for the contemporary world.
Author: Justin Jennings
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780813066745
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
Providing a sweeping, archaeologically grounded view of human history, Justin Jennings explores the origins, endurance, and elasticity of ideas about fairness and how these ideas have shaped the development of societies at critical moments over the last 20,000 years.
Author: Cassia Spohn
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 9780761987604
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
The appropriate amount of punishment for a given crime is an issue that has been debated by scholars, philosophers and legal professionals since the beginning of civilizations. This book seeks to address this issue in all of its complexity by providing a comprehensive overview of the sentencing process in the United States. The book begins by discussing the overall concept of punishment and then proceeds to dissect individual aspects of punishment. Topics include: the sentencing process; responsibility of the judge; disparity and discrimination in sentencing; and sentencing reform. This book is an ideal text for introductory courses on the judicial system, criminal law, law and society. It can be an essential resource to help students understand patterns in the wide discretion and latitude given to judges when determining punishments within the framework of the United States judicial system.
Author: Blair H. Sheppard
Publisher: Free Press
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Some managers conduct inconsistant performance reviews, pay inequitable salaries, and dismiss employees arbitrarily. Concerns about justice are pervasive in the workplace: they arise whenever rules are made, interpreted, or applied to organizational activities and practices. In this analysis, the authors create a model for measuring justice in an organization, and show how to anticipate the responses that will follow if injustices persist. They examine contemporary organizational issues and introduce a new theory of the nature of justice in organizations.
Author: Cassia Spohn
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1412961041
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
How are sentences for Federal, State, and Local crimes determined in the United States? Is this process fairly and justly applied to all concerned? How have reforms affected the process over the last 25 years? This text for advanced undergraduate students in criminal justice programs seeks to answer these questions.
Author:
Publisher: Andrew Smith
ISBN: 061530995X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
It is accepted practice that a dissenting stockholder is entitled to receive the intrinsic value of his share in a going concern. Additionally, while no one methodology represents the means by which to value what a stockholder is entitled to receive, it is clear that a liquidation value is not appropriate in most going concern valuations.
Author: Jennifer Rothschild
Publisher: HarperChristian + ORM
ISBN: 0310338573
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 211
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Book Description
"This is a book I'll be recommending for years to come." -- Lysa TerKeurst, New York Times bestselling author Do you believe God is just not fair? If you're like Jennifer Rothschild, you wrestle with questions when you experience painful circumstances. Does God care? Does he hear my prayers? Is he even there? Blinded as a teenager, Jennifer overcame daunting obstacles, found strength in God, and launched a successful speaking and writing ministry. Then in her 40s, everything changed. Jennifer hit a wall of depression and discontent that shook her to her core, undermining many of her past assumptions about her faith. She wondered who God was and why he continued to allow her to struggle and doubt. Where, she pleaded, is his hand of healing and hope in my life now? This is a book about finding more than just answers. It's for anyone who needs hope when life doesn't make sense--for all who reach for a God who feels distant. As Jennifer tackles the six big questions of faith, she will help you: Trust God more than your feelings. Strengthen your faith when you feel beat up by life. Embrace your obstacles and start experiencing their purpose. Face your disappointment and grow stronger from your loss.
Author: Catherine Gross
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135051534
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
By crossing disciplinary boundaries, this book uniquely connects theories of justice with people's lived experience within social conflicts over resource sharing. It shows why some conflicts, such as local opposition to wind farms and water disputes, have become intractable social problems in many countries of the world. It shows the power of injustice in generating opposition to decisions. The book answers the question: why are the results of many government initiatives and policies not accepted by those affected? Focusing on two social conflicts over water sharing in Australia to show why fairness and justice are important in decision-making, the book shows how these conflicts are typical of water sharing and other natural resource conflicts experienced in many countries around the world, particularly in the context of climate change. It tells the stories of these conflicts from the perspectives of those involved. These practically-based findings are then related back to ideas and constructs of justice from disciplines such as social psychology, political philosophy and jurisprudence. With a strong practical focus, this book offers readers an opportunity to develop a deep understanding of fairness and justice in environmental decision-making. It opens up a wealth of fairness and justice ideas for decision-makers, practitioners, and researchers in natural resource management, environmental governance, community consultation, and sustainable development, as well as people in government and corporations who interface and consult with communities where natural resources are being used.
Author: Caleb H Wheeler
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000854841
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
This book presents a ground-breaking, interdisciplinary study into the various goals assigned to international criminal trials. It starts from the proposition that no hierarchy exists amongst the different goals meaning that trials should strive to achieve all of them in equal measure. This is made difficult by the fact that not all of these goals are compatible and the fulfilment of one may lead to others going unmet. Therefore, a balance must be found if the goals of trial are to be achieved at all. The book posits that fairness should serve as the guiding principle when weighing the different trial goals against one another. It is argued that without fairness international and internationalised criminal courts and tribunals lack legitimacy and without legitimacy they lack effectiveness. The book concludes that international criminal trials must adopt procedures that emphasise fairness to all of the parties and trial participants if they wish to accomplish any of the goals set for them. Each chapter is devoted to identifying and explaining a different trial goal, providing analysis of how that particular goal functions in conjunction with the other goals, and discussing the ways in which a fairness-oriented trial model will help achieve those goals. The book provides a dynamic understanding of the different trial goals and the importance of fairness in the trial process by drawing on research from a variety of different legal disciplines while also incorporating scholarship rooted in criminology, political theory, international relations, and psychology. The book will be essential reading for researchers, academics and professionals working in the areas of International Criminal Law, Public International Law and Transitional Justice.
Author: Chris Reed
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1509976817
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
This book proposes a regulatory system for ensuring that AI makes fair decisions. No one wants to be the subject of an unfair decision made by an AI, and fairness is so important to society that we are likely to want to regulate to demand it. But how? This book attempts to answer that question. The aim of regulation must be for an AI's decisions to match the human conception of fairness. To understand what that is, the book proposes a holistic understanding of fairness, which tells us what regulation must try to achieve. However, regulation is not an abstract activity – it regulates how humans behave, and the humans in question are those who develop and use AI for decision-making. Thus the book investigates how those humans are attempting to achieve AI fairness. It finds that there is a serious mismatch between how technologists conceptualise fairness, compared to other humans. How can AI regulation bridge this gap? Traditional models of regulation cannot solve this problem. Fairness is too nuanced, too contextual, and is ultimately a human emotional response. Instead the book proposes to place the responsibility on the AI community to explain and justify their efforts to achieve fairness, basing regulatory and legal responses on how well that explanation deals with the risks that particular AI presents, and whether the AI operates in accordance with the explanation in use. The book concludes by examining how far this regulatory model might be useful for some of the other social problems which AI generates. An original and significant contribution to the literature on AI regulation, this book is a must-read for those working in the areas of law, regulation, and technology.
