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Author: Michael Thomas Scherzer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Extracellular matrix
Languages : en
Pages : 66
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Book Description
Poor lung cancer survival can largely be contributed to the metastatic cells that invade and spread throughout the body. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of multiple cell types, as well as non-cellular components. The TME plays a critical role in the development of metastatic cancers by providing migratory cues that change the growing tumor's properties. The Extracellular Matrix (ECM), a main component of the TME, has been shown to change composition during tumor progression, allowing cancer cells to invade tissue and survive away from the primary cancer site. Although the ECM is well-known to influence the fate of tumor progression, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that are affected by the cancer cell-ECM interactions. It is imperative that these mechanisms are understood in order to properly understand and prevent lung cancer dissemination. However, common in vitro studies do not incorporate these interactions into everyday cell culture assays. In our lab, we have adopted a model that examines decellularized human fibroblast-derived ECM as a 3D substrate for growth of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. It is hypothesized that the interactions between lung cancer cell lines and fibroblast-derived ECM will alter phenotypes important for lung cancer progression. Here, we have characterized the effect of various fibroblast-derived matrices on the properties of various lung cancer adenocarcinoma cell lines. Such altered processes include morphology, growth, and migration. This work highlights the significance of the cell-ECM interaction and its requirement for incorporation into in vitro experiments. Implementation of a fibroblast-derived ECM as an in vitro technique will provide researchers with an important factor to manipulate to better recreate and study the TME.
Author: Michael Thomas Scherzer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Extracellular matrix
Languages : en
Pages : 66
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Book Description
Poor lung cancer survival can largely be contributed to the metastatic cells that invade and spread throughout the body. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of multiple cell types, as well as non-cellular components. The TME plays a critical role in the development of metastatic cancers by providing migratory cues that change the growing tumor's properties. The Extracellular Matrix (ECM), a main component of the TME, has been shown to change composition during tumor progression, allowing cancer cells to invade tissue and survive away from the primary cancer site. Although the ECM is well-known to influence the fate of tumor progression, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that are affected by the cancer cell-ECM interactions. It is imperative that these mechanisms are understood in order to properly understand and prevent lung cancer dissemination. However, common in vitro studies do not incorporate these interactions into everyday cell culture assays. In our lab, we have adopted a model that examines decellularized human fibroblast-derived ECM as a 3D substrate for growth of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. It is hypothesized that the interactions between lung cancer cell lines and fibroblast-derived ECM will alter phenotypes important for lung cancer progression. Here, we have characterized the effect of various fibroblast-derived matrices on the properties of various lung cancer adenocarcinoma cell lines. Such altered processes include morphology, growth, and migration. This work highlights the significance of the cell-ECM interaction and its requirement for incorporation into in vitro experiments. Implementation of a fibroblast-derived ECM as an in vitro technique will provide researchers with an important factor to manipulate to better recreate and study the TME.
Author: Bruce Alberts
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Category : Cytology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Amy L. Harding
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Suzanne Peterson
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123854741
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 652
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Book Description
This manual is a comprehensive compilation of "methods that work" for deriving, characterizing, and differentiating hPSCs, written by the researchers who developed and tested the methods and use them every day in their laboratories. The manual is much more than a collection of recipes; it is intended to spark the interest of scientists in areas of stem cell biology that they may not have considered to be important to their work. The second edition of the Human Stem Cell Manual is an extraordinary laboratory guide for both experienced stem cell researchers and those just beginning to use stem cells in their work. Offers a comprehensive guide for medical and biology researchers who want to use stem cells for basic research, disease modeling, drug development, and cell therapy applications Provides a cohesive global view of the current state of stem cell research, with chapters written by pioneering stem cell researchers in Asia, Europe, and North America Includes new chapters devoted to recently developed methods, such as iPSC technology, written by the scientists who made these breakthroughs
Author: Nicholas Joseph Merna
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321094183
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 83
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Book Description
Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from whole organ decellularization offers a promising biological scaffold for tissue engineering applications. The native 3D structure and biochemical composition of these matrices can potentially support tissue-specific recellularization strategies. However, decellularization protocols use reagents that can disrupt the ECM resulting in a range of mechanical properties and protein composition. By identifying structural and biochemical features of the ECM that impact cell behavior, we can tailor decellularization protocols to retain those features. Recellularization of decellularized matrices is an intriguing strategy to engineer lung and cardiac tissue that will likely include the fibroblast. However, excessive collagen deposition by fibroblasts could interfere with normal structure and function of the surrounding tissue. Furthermore, integrin expression can influence the expression of intracellular structural proteins such as alpha smooth muscle actin ([alpha]-SMA), and extracellular structural proteins such as collagen. However, previous work has not determined the effect of decellularized ECM on fibroblast function and integrin signaling. In this work, we used multiphoton microscopy (MPM), combined with image correlation spectroscopy (ICS), to characterize structural and mechanical properties of the decellularized cardiac matrix in a non-invasive and non-destructive fashion. ICS amplitude of second harmonic generation (SHG) collagen images (collagen content) and ICS ratio of two-photon fluorescence (TPF) elastin images (elastin alignment) strongly correlated with compressive modulus. We then seeded cardiac and lung fibroblasts on cardiac ECM, lung ECM and their components to determine the effect of substrate composition, tissue specificity and integrin expression on fibroblast phenotype. [alpha]-SMA expression increased for stiffer substrates, and lung fibroblasts expressed significantly higher levels of [alpha]-SMA than cardiac fibroblasts. Higher expression of [beta]3 integrins in cardiac fibroblasts, combined with increased [alpha]-SMA expression resulting from functional blocking of [beta]3 integrins, demonstrates that [beta]3 plays an important role in regulating cardiac fibroblast phenotype. Our findings indicate that ECM stiffness strongly correlates with collagen and elastin alignment in the ECM following decellularization, which can potentially impact fibroblast collagen and [alpha]-SMA expression during recellularization. Furthermore, differential expression of [beta]3 integrins in organ-specific fibroblasts impacts [alpha]-SMA expression suggesting that both stromal cell source and ECM structure can impact the remodeling response during recellularization.
Author: Malay K. Das
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128217006
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
Multifunctional Theranostic Nanomedicines in Cancer focuses on new trends, applications, and the significance of novel multifunctional nanotheranostics in cancer imaging for diagnosis and treatment. Cancer nanotechnology offers new opportunities for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Multifunctional nanoparticles harboring various functions—including targeting, imaging, and therapy—have been intensively studied with the goal of overcoming the limitations of conventional cancer diagnosis and therapy. Thus theranostic nanomedicines have emerged in recent years to provide an efficient and safer alternative in cancer management. This book covers polymer-based therapies, lipid-based therapies, inorganic particle-based therapies, photo-related therapies, radiotherapies, chemotherapies, and surgeries. Multifunctional Theranostic Nanomedicines in Cancer offers an indispensable guide for researchers in academia, industry, and clinical settings; it is also ideal for postgraduate students; and formulation scientists working on cancer. Provides a comprehensive resource of recent scientific progress and novel applications of theranostic nanomedicines Discusses treatment options from a pharmaceutical sciences perspective Includes translational science and targeted CNS cancer treatment
Author: Rui L. Reis
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012820172X
Category : Tissue engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Cell-Derived Matrices, Part A, Volume 156, provides a detailed description and step-by-step methods surrounding the use of three-dimensional cell-derived matrices for tissue engineering applications. Biochemical, biophysical and cell biological approaches are presented, along with sample results. Specific chapters cover Anisotropic cell-derived matrices with controlled 3D architecture, Generation of functional fluorescently-labelled cell-derived matrices by means of genetically-modified fibroblasts, Bi-layered cell-derived matrices, Engineering clinically-relevant cell-derived matrices using primary fibroblasts, Decellularized matrices for bioprinting applications, and much more.
Author: Sophie Böttcher-Haberzeth
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 1493994735
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
This volume provides protocols describing the isolation and culture of diverse cell types stemming from the skin and the use of these cells and cell constructs for wound healing, bioengineering applications, and translational medicine purposes. The book is divided into three sections describing the isolation and culture of diverse skin cells, managing these cells within co-culture systems and skin models, as well as using these skin models in a test setting. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Skin Tissue Engineering: Methods and Protocols serves as a vital aid to basic and clinical researchers such as biologists, physicians, and biomedical engineers working with and being interested in basic science, and clinically and laboratory-applicable translational regenerative medicine.
Author: Kevin Dzobo
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783845441450
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
Three dimensional cultures of cells have been used extensively to study cell-matrix interactions. These have included the use of hydrogels, sponges and mixtures of reconstituted matrix proteins such as laminin and fibronectin. The use of artificial matrices consisting of purified matrix proteins does not truly reflect the in vivo micro-environments that contain many other proteins mixed in a defined ratio. A novel in vitro model in use of late involves the use of a natural, cell-derived 3-D matrix that closely mimics the native tissue. As illustrated in this work, which investigated the interaction between fibroblasts and their matrix, there is continuous crosstalk between the two and this has an effect on type I collagen synthesis. Cell-matrix interactions are important in organogenesis, cancer, regenerative medicine as well as in fundamental cell biology. This book provides a comprehensive and systematic investigation into the regulation of type I collagen synthesis and provides evidence that the matrix is not an idle bystander in tissue but is an active participant in cellular processes.
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123860164
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 523
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Book Description
First published in 1943, Vitamins and Hormones is the longest-running serial published by Academic Press. The Editorial Board now reflects expertise in the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology and enzyme mechanisms. Under the capable and qualified editorial leadership of Dr. Gerald Litwack, Vitamins and Hormones continues to publish cutting-edge reviews of interest to endocrinologists, biochemists, nutritionists, pharmacologists, cell biologists and molecular biologists. Others interested in the structure and function of biologically active molecules like hormones and vitamins will, as always, turn to this series for comprehensive reviews by leading contributors to this and related disciplines. This volume focuses on stem cell regulators. Longest running series published by Academic Press Contributions by leading international authorities
