Factors Affecting the Development of Asthma Among Poor and Minority Children and Interventions for Improving Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review PDF Download
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Author: Nancy Jones Yadav
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438070226
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 87
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Book Description
Children from lower socioeconomic groups and children from some minority groups experience higher rates of childhood asthma than children from higher socioeconomic groups and white children. This thesis is guided by the following research questions: 1) what are the risk factors associated with the development of asthma among poor and minority children and 2) what effect do interventions for all children, in comparison to those for poor and minority children, have on the development of asthma? This review examined peer-reviewed articles published in scholarly journals within the last ten years. Poor air quality, both indoor and outside, and socioeconomic disadvantage are associated with childhood asthma disparities. Interventions that reduced exposure to environmental triggers were effective in improving outcomes for all children with asthma. Interventions effective for children from poor and minority families targeted the child's social environment, including family and community, and took place in the home, or school. Strategies that included culturally appropriate measures were utilized effectively. Interventions that combined allergy testing in order to tailor counseling to the child with more comprehensive strategies, such as addressing barriers to care, and promoting better communication between caregiver and health care provider, were effective in improving outcomes. To inform future policy, more interventions that focus on the populations affected by childhood asthma disparities are needed. Interventions that show health benefits and cost effectiveness are especially important in order to promote wider implementation and reduce disparities in childhood asthma.
Author: Nancy Jones Yadav
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438070226
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 87
Get Book Here
Book Description
Children from lower socioeconomic groups and children from some minority groups experience higher rates of childhood asthma than children from higher socioeconomic groups and white children. This thesis is guided by the following research questions: 1) what are the risk factors associated with the development of asthma among poor and minority children and 2) what effect do interventions for all children, in comparison to those for poor and minority children, have on the development of asthma? This review examined peer-reviewed articles published in scholarly journals within the last ten years. Poor air quality, both indoor and outside, and socioeconomic disadvantage are associated with childhood asthma disparities. Interventions that reduced exposure to environmental triggers were effective in improving outcomes for all children with asthma. Interventions effective for children from poor and minority families targeted the child's social environment, including family and community, and took place in the home, or school. Strategies that included culturally appropriate measures were utilized effectively. Interventions that combined allergy testing in order to tailor counseling to the child with more comprehensive strategies, such as addressing barriers to care, and promoting better communication between caregiver and health care provider, were effective in improving outcomes. To inform future policy, more interventions that focus on the populations affected by childhood asthma disparities are needed. Interventions that show health benefits and cost effectiveness are especially important in order to promote wider implementation and reduce disparities in childhood asthma.
Author: Helen Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 131
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Book Description
Asthma is the leading chronic health condition among children in the United States and a major cause of childhood disability. It also disproportionately affects low-income and racial and ethnic minorities. Although a wide range of interventions have been implemented to improve asthma-related outcomes among socioeconomically disadvantaged and minority children, disparities persist. This paper, which was commissioned by the JPB Foundation and conducted by MDRC in partnership with the National Academy for State Health Policy, standardizes and compares effects from rigorous evaluations across three main types of interventions: those that focus on improving education and self-management, those that focus on addressing remediation of the conditions that trigger asthma in the home environment, and those that focus on improving health care provider practice. While prior reviews have summarized findings for each intervention type, this review systematically compares findings across a range of outcomes and a spectrum of different approaches to addressing childhood asthma, drawing from about 30 independent studies and earlier published reviews. In addition, the paper includes case studies of various local programs and state-level policy initiatives to illuminate current efforts to address childhood asthma in low-income communities and barriers faced in sustaining asthma programs. Key findings include: (1) Providing education on how to manage asthma is fundamental to improving outcomes, but it may not be enough to alleviate disparities in asthma management; (2) Some local programs are clearly bridging informational gaps among low-income families and are helping them maintain a safe home environment for their children with asthma; (3) The health care benefits of interventions that go beyond education are unclear; (4) Barriers to medication management are complex and medication adherence is difficult to influence; and (5) The role of the state, and the Medicaid program in particular, is relevant for the financing and sustainability of asthma programs for low-income children. Although the long-run sustainability of some of the programs highlighted in this report is uncertain, what is clear is that combating the disparities in the prevalence of asthma among different populations will require more than an agreement on standard asthma management practices within the medical community. The following are appended: (1) Methodology for Literature Review; (2) Summaries of Asthma Studies; (3) Detailed Case Studies of Local Asthma Programs; and (4) Detailed State-Based Case Studies. [This working paper was written with Felicia Heider, Carrie Hanlon, and Taylor Kniffin.].
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781876122041
Category : Asthma
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Author: Will Nicholas
Publisher: RAND Corporation
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
Over the course of 2000, RAND Health engaged an interdisciplinarycommittee of nationally recognized leaders in childhood asthma in a structured group process to arrive at the policy recommendations proposed in Improving Childhood Asthma Outcomes in the United States: A Blueprint for Policy Action, by M. Lara, W. Nicholas, S. Morton, M. Vaiana, B. Genovese, and G. Rachelefsky, RAND, MR-1330, 2001.That report summarizes the findings of an effort funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, to 1) Identify a range of policy actions in both the public and private sectors that could improve childhood asthma outcomes nationwide, 2) Select a subset of policies to create a blueprint for national policy in this area, 3) Outline alternatives to implement these policies that build on prior efforts.This effort is part of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Pediatric Asthma Initiative. The purpose of this initiative is to address current gaps in national childhood asthma care through clinical and nonclinical approaches to improve the management of childhood asthma. It is the first national initiative that simultaneously addresses treatment, policy, and financing issues for children with asthma at the patient, provider, and institutional levels.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309169054
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Health Insurance is a Family Matter is the third of a series of six reports on the problems of uninsurance in the United Sates and addresses the impact on the family of not having health insurance. The book demonstrates that having one or more uninsured members in a family can have adverse consequences for everyone in the household and that the financial, physical, and emotional well-being of all members of a family may be adversely affected if any family member lacks coverage. It concludes with the finding that uninsured children have worse access to and use fewer health care services than children with insurance, including important preventive services that can have beneficial long-term effects.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Asthma in children
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Book Description
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309166608
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
Children's health has clearly improved over the past several decades. Significant and positive gains have been made in lowering rates of infant mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases and accidental causes, improved access to health care, and reduction in the effects of environmental contaminants such as lead. Yet major questions still remain about how to assess the status of children's health, what factors should be monitored, and the appropriate measurement tools that should be used. Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth: Assessing and Improving Child Health provides a detailed examination of the information about children's health that is needed to help policy makers and program providers at the federal, state, and local levels. In order to improve children's health-and, thus, the health of future generations-it is critical to have data that can be used to assess both current conditions and possible future threats to children's health. This compelling book describes what is known about the health of children and what is needed to expand the knowledge. By strategically improving the health of children, we ensure healthier future generations to come.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309170931
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 458
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Book Description
Brain disordersâ€"neurological, psychiatric, and developmentalâ€"now affect at least 250 million people in the developing world, and this number is expected to rise as life expectancy increases. Yet public and private health systems in developing countries have paid relatively little attention to brain disorders. The negative attitudes, prejudice, and stigma that often surround many of these disorders have contributed to this neglect. Lacking proper diagnosis and treatment, millions of individual lives are lost to disability and death. Such conditions exact both personal and economic costs on families, communities, and nations. The report describes the causes and risk factors associated with brain disorders. It focuses on six representative brain disorders that are prevalent in developing countries: developmental disabilities, epilepsy, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, and stroke. The report makes detailed recommendations of ways to reduce the toll exacted by these six disorders. In broader strokes, the report also proposes six major strategies toward reducing the overall burden of brain disorders in the developing world.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309493412
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 621
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Book Description
Children are the foundation of the United States, and supporting them is a key component of building a successful future. However, millions of children face health inequities that compromise their development, well-being, and long-term outcomes, despite substantial scientific evidence about how those adversities contribute to poor health. Advancements in neurobiological and socio-behavioral science show that critical biological systems develop in the prenatal through early childhood periods, and neurobiological development is extremely responsive to environmental influences during these stages. Consequently, social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors significantly affect a child's health ecosystem and ability to thrive throughout adulthood. Vibrant and Healthy Kids: Aligning Science, Practice, and Policy to Advance Health Equity builds upon and updates research from Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity (2017) and From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development (2000). This report provides a brief overview of stressors that affect childhood development and health, a framework for applying current brain and development science to the real world, a roadmap for implementing tailored interventions, and recommendations about improving systems to better align with our understanding of the significant impact of health equity.
