Author: Jan Strelau
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489906436
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
The growing interest in research on temperament during the last decade has been re corded by several authors (e. g. , R. Plomin; J. E. Bates) from such sources of informa tion as the Social Sciences Citation Index or Psychological Abstracts. The editors' inquiry shows that the number of cases in which the term temperament was used in the title of a paper or in the paper's abstract published in Psychological Abstracts reveals an essential increase in research on temperament. During the years 1975 to 1979, the term temperament was used in the title and/or summary of 173 abstracts (i. e. , 34. 6 publications per year); during the next five years (1980-1984), it was used in 367 abstracts (73. 4 publications per year), whereas in the last five years (1985 to 1989), the term has appeared in 463 abstracts, that is, in 92. 6 publications per year. Even if the review of temperament literature is restricted to those abstracts, it can easily be concluded that temperament is used in different contexts and with different meanings, hardly allowing any comparisons or general statements. One of the consequences of this state of affairs is that our knowledge on temperament does not cumulate despite the increasing research activity in this field. This situation in temperament research motivated the editors to organize a one week workshop on The Diagnosis of Temperament (Bielefeld, Federal Republic of Germany, September 1987).
Author: Henry Alexander Murray
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clinical psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Based on a groundbreaking three-year study of 50 college-age men, this modern classic joins the insights and experience of 28 behavioral scientists in the first major exploration of the variables that comprise personality and ways in which they can be measured. Data was accumulated from intensive interviews, specially devised experiments, autobiographies, conversations, childhood memories, "free association" hours, sexual development history, and from exhaustive series of psychological tests to measure predictive abilities, aesthetic appreciation, level of aspiration, memory failure, ethical standards, sensorimotor learning and emotional conditioning. Drawing on this extraordinary fund of information--reported on in detail in this volume--Dr. Murray and his associates set forth an all encompassing theory of personality, and demonstrate, in an 87-page case study," the accuracy with which a complete personality profile can be compiled--from back cover
Author: Stella Chess
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135062536
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 203
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Book Description
In 1956 Stella Chess and Alexander Thomas launched the pioneering New York Longitudinal Study, a systematic investigation into the concept of temperament that has been pursued to the present decade. The findings from this study - that temperamental profiles of infants, children, adolescents, and adults show specific individual behavioral characteristics - are accepted as basic to the psychological mechanism of behavioral functioning. Now, these two preeminent authorities and teaches in the field of child and adolescent psychiatry present an essential introduction to their internationally recognized work. This volume takes the reader from concept - including the definition of temperament and the studies that support and expand upon that definition - to specific explorations of temperament and its impact across various practice settings and special populations.
Author: David Rettew
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN: 039370730X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
This work explores the differences between temperamental traits and psychological disorders. What is the difference between a child who is temperamentally sad and one who has depression? Can a child be angry by temperament without being mentally ill? Here, the author discusses the factors that can propel children with particular temperamental tendencies towards or away from more problematic trajectories.
Author: Jerome Kagan
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674264886
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
We have seen these children—the shy and the sociable, the cautious and the daring—and wondered what makes one avoid new experience and another avidly pursue it. At the crux of the issue surrounding the contribution of nature to development is the study that Jerome Kagan and his colleagues have been conducting for more than two decades. In The Long Shadow of Temperament, Kagan and Nancy Snidman summarize the results of this unique inquiry into human temperaments, one of the best-known longitudinal studies in developmental psychology. These results reveal how deeply certain fundamental temperamental biases can be preserved over development. Identifying two extreme temperamental types—inhibited and uninhibited in childhood, and high-reactive and low-reactive in very young babies—Kagan and his colleagues returned to these children as adolescents. Surprisingly, one of the temperaments revealed in infancy predicted a cautious, fearful personality in early childhood and a dour mood in adolescence. The other bias predicted a bold childhood personality and an exuberant, sanguine mood in adolescence. These personalities were matched by different biological properties. In a masterly summary of their wide-ranging exploration, Kagan and Snidman conclude that these two temperaments are the result of inherited biologies probably rooted in the differential excitability of particular brain structures. Though the authors appreciate that temperamental tendencies can be modified by experience, this compelling work—an empirical and conceptual tour-de-force—shows how long the shadow of temperament is cast over psychological development.
Author: the late Henry A. Murray
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198041527
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 811
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Book Description
Explorations in Personality, published by OUP in 1938, established an elaborate agenda for understanding our subjective human nature that is as relevant to students of personality psychology today as it was to its audience then. An antidote to the now fashionable strategy of representing a person as a dot on a scatter plot or burying the individual in an amalgam of statistics, it advocates 'whole person' research and bubbles with suggestions about how to perform such studies. IN addition, it actually executes with empirical and experimental rigor and ingenuity the kind of detailed, engrossing case study approach it recommends, recounting the results of a three-year long study of fifty college-age individuals. This book is, in short, a classic. This reissue, enhanced by Dan McAdams' foreword, which will provide a contemporary evaluation of Murray's achievement, will thus be of great interest to students and researchers in personality psychology in general, and personologists in particular.
Author: Willibald Ruch
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110804603
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 509
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 776
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Author: Arnold H. Buss
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317596129
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
Originally published in 1984, this title looks at the development of temperament in early life. At the time of publication there were three major perspectives on temperament: paediatrics, individual differences in infants, and inherited personality traits that appear in early life. Whatever the diversity of these perspectives, they converge on personality traits that develop early in life, hence the title of this book. The authors start by looking at the main research in this field, then go on to discuss their own approach to temperament, building on their original theory from 1975.
Author: Henry Alexander Murray
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Personality
Languages : en
Pages : 826
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