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Author: Amy Poteete
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400835151
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 371
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Book Description
Advances in the social sciences have emerged through a variety of research methods: field-based research, laboratory and field experiments, and agent-based models. However, which research method or approach is best suited to a particular inquiry is frequently debated and discussed. Working Together examines how different methods have promoted various theoretical developments related to collective action and the commons, and demonstrates the importance of cross-fertilization involving multimethod research across traditional boundaries. The authors look at why cross-fertilization is difficult to achieve, and they show ways to overcome these challenges through collaboration. The authors provide numerous examples of collaborative, multimethod research related to collective action and the commons. They examine the pros and cons of case studies, meta-analyses, large-N field research, experiments and modeling, and empirically grounded agent-based models, and they consider how these methods contribute to research on collective action for the management of natural resources. Using their findings, the authors outline a revised theory of collective action that includes three elements: individual decision making, microsituational conditions, and features of the broader social-ecological context. Acknowledging the academic incentives that influence and constrain how research is conducted, Working Together reworks the theory of collective action and offers practical solutions for researchers and students across a spectrum of disciplines.
Author: Amy Poteete
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400835151
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 371
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Book Description
Advances in the social sciences have emerged through a variety of research methods: field-based research, laboratory and field experiments, and agent-based models. However, which research method or approach is best suited to a particular inquiry is frequently debated and discussed. Working Together examines how different methods have promoted various theoretical developments related to collective action and the commons, and demonstrates the importance of cross-fertilization involving multimethod research across traditional boundaries. The authors look at why cross-fertilization is difficult to achieve, and they show ways to overcome these challenges through collaboration. The authors provide numerous examples of collaborative, multimethod research related to collective action and the commons. They examine the pros and cons of case studies, meta-analyses, large-N field research, experiments and modeling, and empirically grounded agent-based models, and they consider how these methods contribute to research on collective action for the management of natural resources. Using their findings, the authors outline a revised theory of collective action that includes three elements: individual decision making, microsituational conditions, and features of the broader social-ecological context. Acknowledging the academic incentives that influence and constrain how research is conducted, Working Together reworks the theory of collective action and offers practical solutions for researchers and students across a spectrum of disciplines.
Author: Willard Marshall Gary Wagner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
Author: Alexander Hijzen
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1475533918
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
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Book Description
In many countries, notably across Europe, collective bargaining coverage is enhanced by government-issued extensions that widen the reach of collective agreements beyond their signatory parties to all firms and workers in the same sector. This paper analyses the causal impact of such extensions on employment using a natural experiment in Portugal: the immediate suspension by the government that took office in 21 June 2011 of the (until then) nearly automatic extensions. The combination of this suspension and the time needed for processing the extension applications resulted in a sharp and unanticipated decline in the extension probability of agreements signed several month earlier around 1 March 2011. Our results, based on a regression discontinuity design and matched employer-employee-agreement panel data, suggest that extensions had a negative impact on employment growth. Moreover, the effects tend to be concentrated among non-affiliated firms. The lack of representativeness of employer associations is a potentially important factor behind the adverse effect of extensions. Another is the role of retro-activity in combination with the administrative delay in processing extensions. This is particularly relevant in the context of a recession.
Author: Zbigniew Tadeusz Wierzbicki
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Thomas W. Malone
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262545845
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
Experts describe the latest research in a rapidly growing multidisciplinary field, the study of groups of individuals acting collectively in ways that seem intelligent. Intelligence does not arise only in individual brains; it also arises in groups of individuals. This is collective intelligence: groups of individuals acting collectively in ways that seem intelligent. In recent years, a new kind of collective intelligence has emerged: interconnected groups of people and computers, collectively doing intelligent things. Today these groups are engaged in tasks that range from writing software to predicting the results of presidential elections. This volume reports on the latest research in the study of collective intelligence, laying out a shared set of research challenges from a variety of disciplinary and methodological perspectives. Taken together, these essays—by leading researchers from such fields as computer science, biology, economics, and psychology—lay the foundation for a new multidisciplinary field. Each essay describes the work on collective intelligence in a particular discipline—for example, economics and the study of markets; biology and research on emergent behavior in ant colonies; human-computer interaction and artificial intelligence; and cognitive psychology and the “wisdom of crowds” effect. Other areas in social science covered include social psychology, organizational theory, law, and communications. Contributors Eytan Adar, Ishani Aggarwal, Yochai Benkler, Michael S. Bernstein, Jeffrey P. Bigham, Jonathan Bragg, Deborah M. Gordon, Benjamin Mako Hill, Christopher H. Lin, Andrew W. Lo, Thomas W. Malone, Mausam, Brent Miller, Aaron Shaw, Mark Steyvers, Daniel S. Weld, Anita Williams Woolley
Author: David Glen Mick
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136698744
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 768
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Book Description
Daily existence is more interconnected to consumer behaviors than ever before, encompassing many issues of well-being. Problems include unhealthy eating; credit card mismanagement; alcohol, tobacco, pornography, and gambling abuse; marketplace discrimination; and ecological deterioration; as well as at-risk groups who are impoverished, impaired, or elderly. Opportunities for well-being via consumer behaviors include empowerment via the Internet, product sharing, leisure pursuits, family consumption, and pro-environmental activities, among others. In 2005 the Association for Consumer Research launched Transformative Consumer Research (TCR). Its mission is to foster research on quality of life that is both rigorous and applied for better assisting consumers, their caregivers, policy administrators, and executives. This edited volume includes 33 chapters on a wide range of topics by expert international authors. All royalties from sales of this book are donated to the Association to support TCR grants.
Author: Giulia Lasagni
Publisher: Vernon Press
ISBN: 164889318X
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 233
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Book Description
"Dimensions of Shared Agency" investigates the way in which standard philosophical accounts have been dealing with the issue of collective actions. In particular, the book focuses on the ‘Big Five’ of analytical social ontology (namely, Michael Bratman, Margaret Gilbert, Philip Pettit, John R. Searle and Raimo Tuomela) and their accounts of shared/collective intentions and actions. Through systematic readings of different positions in the debate, the author proposes original ways of analyzing and classifying current theories of shared agency according to whether they advance a member-level or a group-level account of shared agency. While member-level accounts (MLA) are theories of shared agency based on individuals’ attitudes and actions, group-level accounts (GLA) give attention to the group of individuals considered as a whole, i.e., as an agent itself. Criticism arises against the idea that the Big Five have proposed stable group-level accounts suitable for explaining the case of shared agency as a group-level phenomenon. The widespread tendency in the debate is to endorse a perspective called holistic individualism, which maintains that high-level explanations are objective even though social facts are ontologically reducible to facts about individuals. Lasagni argues that as long as holistic individualism is held, the GLA is reducible to the MLA because holistic individualism upholds ontological individualism based on a deep individualistic premise, fixing the special status of individual agents as natural persons. The premise makes the claim to treat groups as agents contradictory to the general framework of the theory. This book profiles an alternative interpretation according to which agency should be considered as a functional kind, which is equally instantiated by different systems, such as individual human beings and organized social groups. In this way, the author claims, the reduction of the social can be avoided. "Dimensions of Shared Agency" will be of interest to doctoral students, researchers, and scholars interested in social ontology and the philosophy of the social sciences. It can also be utilised as supplementary reading or an introduction to philosophy students and scholars who are first approaching the philosophy of collective intentionality and shared agency.
Author: Malin Fabbri
Publisher: AlternativePhotography.com
ISBN:
Category : Photography
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
For the second year running, anthotype and alternative photographic process artists from all over the world came together. On Saturday, the 19th of August 2023, anthotypes were created and photographic prints were made from plants and pigments. The second World Anthotype Day was celebrated by artists creating vibrant and colourful photographs from homemade emulsions made from plants, powders or dyes, and then exposing the prints in the sun. World Anthotype Day was facilitated by a small team at AlternativePhotography.com and this book is a collection of the artists’ research, process and notes to learn and draw inspiration from. The collective research of almost 140 artists from 31 countries has been compiled in this book, covering emulsions made by: Annatto, Avocado, Bahraini almond, Balloon flower, Beach rose, Beetroot, Begonia, Bellflowers, Birch, Black elder, Black swallow wort, Blackcap raspberry, Bloodroot, Blueberry, Bougainvillea, Bracken, Brown-eyed Susan, Calendula, Chard, Chokeberries, Clematis, Cocoa, Cosmos, Costa Rican pitahaya, Crown lime, Dandelion, Fennel, Fern, Fireweed, Flame vine, Genipap, Geranium, Grape, Greater celandine, Hibiscus, Hollyhock, Hosta, Indian shot, Indigo, Iris, Jaboticaba, Jamaica flower, Juneberry, Kale, Lamb’s quarter, Lamb’s-ear, Lily of the valley, Lupine, Mallow, Mango, Mangosteen, Morning glory, Mulberry, Mustard, Nasturtium, Nettle, Oak, Onion, Paprika / Pepper, Peony, Peregrina, Persimmon, Plum shiso, Pokeweed, Poppy, Pumpkin, Red cabbage, Rocket, Rose, Saffron crocus, Saint George’s sword, Service berry, Silk floss tree, Sour cherry, Spinach, Squill, Strawberry, Sweet pea, Syngonium, Tayoba, Tea, Tomato, Tulip, Tulip tree, Turmeric, Walnut, Wine, Wineberry, Wonga-wonga vine and Yerba mate. Whether you are a beginner at the anthotype process or an experienced anthotypist, this book is invaluable and will save time in finding the next plant or pigment to use in your printing, or simply give you inspiration.
Author: Fields, Ziska
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799823873
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 537
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Book Description
Today’s world is continually facing complex and life-threatening issues that are too difficult or even impossible to solve. These challenges have been titled “wicked” problems due to their radical and multifarious nature. Recently, there has been a focus on global cooperation and gathering creative and diverse methods from around the world to solve these issues. Accumulating research and information on these collective intelligence methods is vital in comprehending current international issues and what possible solutions are being developed through the use of global collaboration. The Handbook of Research on Using Global Collective Intelligence and Creativity to Solve Wicked Problems is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the collaboration between global communities in developing creative solutions for radical worldwide issues. While highlighting topics such as collaboration technologies, neuro-leadership, and sustainable global solutions, this publication explores diverse collections of problem-solving methods and applying them on a global scale. This book is ideally designed for scholars, researchers, students, policymakers, strategists, economists, and educators seeking current research on problem-solving methods using collective intelligence and creativity.
Author: Gesa Ziemer
Publisher: transcript Verlag
ISBN: 383943517X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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Book Description
Occupy, Commons and other social experiments show: New collectivities are invented and tested. Gesa Ziemer enriches this debate through the insight that in the process, the reinterpretation of old forms of joint action can play an essential role. By looking at complicities in art, science and economy, ongoing collectivization is exposed. Complicity means the committing of an act together, so the definition of criminal law. But for a long time now the concept has also been targeted at legal collective actions - mainly in innovative environments. Individuals act jointly in an intensely affective way - albeit only temporarily, bindingly in common - but still individually, inventively - and at the same time in a goal-oriented manner.
