Evolution of gonadotropin-releasing hormone structure and function PDF Download
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Author: Ruth Cynthia Powell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Ruth Cynthia Powell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: R. C. Powell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brain chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Author: Ivana Bjelobaba
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889454797
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
This eBook provides a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor evolution, structure, signaling and functions. Apart from review articles, it comprises exciting new research, as well as hypotheses and perspectives, all of which are valuable in guiding our further research in this field.
Author: I.S. Parhar
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080524761
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 345
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Book Description
This volume summarizes the evolution and physiology of GnRH molecules and receptors, and provides insight as to how social behavior influences cellular and molecular events in the brain from a comparative perspective. The chapters in this volume are divided into three major sections: Development and Cell Migration, GnRH Receptors, Physiology and Regulation. The review papers arose primarily from presentations made at the Second International Symposium on the Comparative Biology of GnRH, held in Penang, Malaysia, June 2-4, 2001; a satellite symposium in conjunction with the XIV International Congress of Comparative Endocrinology, Sorrento, Italy. In addition, leading neuroscientists doing cutting-edge research in the field of GnRH were invited as authors to make this volume a valuable reference.
Author: Seymour Reichlin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 514
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This eBook provides a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor evolution, structure, signaling and functions. Apart from review articles, it comprises exciting new research, as well as hypotheses and perspectives, all of which are valuable in guiding our further research in this field.
Author: Bruce Alexander Adams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chordata
Languages : en
Pages : 494
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Book Description
Neuropeptide hormones arose early in evolution. Multigene families in vertebrates are proposed to have arisen initially in early vertebrates by genome duplication events. In its simplest form, the theory suggests that the copy of a duplicated, ancestral single gene diverged in sequence, and possibly function, from its original match. My goal was to understand the structural and functional evolution of two neuropeptides, gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH), a member of a single gene family, and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a member of a multigene superfamily of hormones. GnRH is the primary regulator of reproduction in vertebrates, but the evolutionary origin of GnRH is not clear. In the protochordate tunicate Ciona intestinalis, I found there are two genes that encode GnRH peptides, however each gene encodes different GnRH peptides. Furthermore, these peptides are novel structures for GnRH and quickly induce spawning in Ciona, suggesting a novel and direct action for GnRH in the control of reproduction. In studies of the novel form of GnRH in lake whitefish, wfGnRH, I provide proof wfGnRH is a gonadotropin-releasing form in whitefish by showing it to be an activator of pituitary gonadotropin and growth hormone gene expression, and is colocalized in the forebrain region. PACAP is a hormone structurally related to glucagon and has been tightly conserved in structure during evolution. PACAP is produced as either a 27 or a 38 amino acid form in vertebrates, whereas in one tunicate studied to date, PACAP is produced from each of two genes as a 27 amino acid form. PACAP regulates several endocrine systems and has direct and indirect actions on metabolism, growth, and reproduction, and is well-known for its ability to potently secrete insulin in laboratory testing. I studied a number of species to increase our understanding of PACAP gene diversity in evolution. I was unable to identify a PACAP-like gene in the tunicate species, C. intestinalis. However, I identified a number of novel PACAP peptide structures in nine fish species by molecular biological and bioinformatic approaches. I was able to identify a second copy of a PACAP gene in five of the nine species. Using these data, I constructed a phylogenetic relationship for prohormones for PACAP in chordates and propose a updated explanation for the evolution of the PACAPfglucagon superfamily of genes in vertebrates. Using morpholino-based knockdown of the PACAP peptides in zebrafish early development, I showed that each copy of these two genes is functional and important in normal development in zebrafish, suggesting that divergence in function of the two different PACAP genes coincided with divergence in sequence. I also studied mice to determine the proposed role for PACAP in themogulation. Recently, the pups born to a new model of mouse with a targeted disruption of the PACAP gene (PACAP-null) have been found to have disruption of normal lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and die early in the second postnatal week ...
Author: Manuela Simoni
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319444406
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1364
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive overview of endocrinology of the male reproductive system, explaining how it works and how, sometimes, it fails to work. World-class specialists present state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including anatomy, physiology, molecular biology, genetics, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations of testicular diseases, endocrine aspects of andrological and sexual diseases, and therapy. Extensive consideration is given to sexual development, testicular function, the clinical approach to disorders of male reproduction, male hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, and male infertility. In addition, sociodemographic, psychological, and ethical aspects of male reproductive disorders are discussed. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, andrologists, and sexologists, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the SpringerReference program, which delivers access to living editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.
Author: Peter K.T. Pang
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0323162738
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 367
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Book Description
Vertebrate Endocrinology: Fundamentals and Biomedical Implication, Volume 4, Part B: Reproduction provides information relevant to the structure and function of the vertebrate reproductive endocrinology. This book deals with a variety of subjects, including oocyte maturation, gestation, ovulation, vitellogenesis, spermatogenesis, as well as the maturation and aging of the reproductive system. Organized into nine chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is the physiological regulator of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) release from the pituitary gland. This book then explores the significance of gonadotropins in animal life, which act directly on the gonads of vertebrates and control the development, maturation, and release of gametes. Other chapters consider the interactions between the reproductive system and the pineal gland in photoperiodic mammals. The final chapter deals with the evolution of the endocrine systems, which is involved in the control of vertebrate reproduction. Reproductive endocrinologists and developmental neuroendocrinologists will find this book extremely useful.
Author: Eric Scott Sills
Publisher: Nova Biomedical Books
ISBN: 9781628084726
Category : Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book offers updates on the full range of contemporary GnRH knowledge, as articulated by authoritative contributors with extensive neurophysiology experience. In this new comprehensive volume, internationally-renowned experts explain what GnRH is, describe how it works, follow its associated pathology, and predict where future GnRH research is likely headed. These objectives are clearly developed by sixteen concise yet thorough chapters covering themes across human clinical medicine, veterinary science, marine organisms, and transitional states as observed in so-called living fossils, as well as invertebrate biology. The authors depict GnRH fundamentals as a starting-point for examination of more recent data in this rapidly evolving field. Although ideally suited for the senior GnRH researcher, anyone with an early, basic interest in neuroendocrinology will also find this book highly approachable. Fully illustrated, indexed and annotated, this edition is an essential item in any modern personal or institutional GnRH library collection.
