Author: John Ansley Godwin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Herbicides
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
Because of the evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds, such as barnyardgrass and red rice in rice, there is a need for alternative herbicide sites of action. Very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA)-inhibiting herbicides are not labeled for use in U.S. rice production; however, this site of action (SOA) has been used with success in Asian rice. The VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides pethoxamid, pyroxasulfone, acetochlor, and S-metolachlor were evaluated for rice tolerance and control of commonly problematic weeds in Arkansas rice at various rates and application timings. Pyroxasulfone and S-metolachlor were deemed unfit for use in rice production because of negative effects on rice visual injury, rough rice yield, height, shoot density, and heading. Pethoxamid and acetochlor were used with little detriment to the rice crop when applied no earlier than the 1-lf growth stage. Along with minimal rice injury, pethoxamid controlled barnyardgrass all season when used in a program with other common rice herbicides such as clomazone, imazethapyr, or quinclorac. Considering the minimal injury observed, pethoxamid and acetochlor should be considered for integration into U.S. rice production to represent a unique herbicide SOA to use in rotation, sequential application, or tank mixtures with other rice herbicides. Nomenclature: Acetochlor; pethoxamid; pyroxasulfone; S-metolachlor; barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.; red rice, Oryza sativa var. sylvatica L.; rice, Oryza sativa L. Key words: weed control, herbicide-resistant weeds, herbicide sites of action.
Author: Michael Edward Fogleman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Herbicide resistance
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
The prevalence of herbicide resistance and lack of effective management options for controlling problematic weeds such as barnyardgrass and weedy rice in Arkansas rice production has led to exploration of alternative herbicide sites of action (SOA). Very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA)-inhibiting herbicides are not currently labeled for use in U.S. rice production but have been used with success in other row crops and in rice production in Asia. Based on preliminary research, rice tolerance and weed control were evaluated following various application timings and rates of acetochlor and pethoxamid, in addition to several other VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides. Rice tolerance to acetochlor was maximized when applied in a microencapsulated (ME) formulation at the 1-leaf growth stage. Rice also demonstrated adequate tolerance to ME acetochlor applied delayed-preemergence (DPRE); however, when activating rainfall was received soon after application, unacceptable rice injury was observed and is therefore not recommended. When properly activated, barnyardgrass control and rough rice yield was comparable between acetochlor-based herbicide programs and clomazone-based programs in Clearfield and Provisia rice systems. However, it should be noted that early-season barnyardgrass control and rough rice yields were generally higher following clomazone-based herbicide programs due to minimal rice injury and excellent barnyardgrass control in all environments. Both ME acetochlor and pethoxamid provided early-season control of weedy rice and other grass species when applied soon after planting. Although DPRE applications were the most effective for weed control, they pose extreme risk for rice injury and should be avoided. In contrast, weed control was slightly reduced by delaying applications to 1-leaf rice but risk for rice injury was also decreased. Winter-applied VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides caused tolerable injury to rice planted the following spring. Microencapsulated acetochlor and pyroxasulfone provided considerable suppression of weedy rice for as long as seven weeks after planting, suggesting an alternative method for controlling weedy rice. Should ME acetochlor and pethoxamid be registered for use in U.S. rice production, they have potential to provide growers with an alternative SOA to combat herbicide resistance and control problematic weed species.
Author: Zachary Douglas Lancaster
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Rice
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
With the continued evolution of herbicide resistance, it is becoming more difficult to achieve adequate weed control in Arkansas rice production systems. Thus, new technologies are needed to combat these troublesome weeds. A new non-GMO, herbicide-resistant rice type is under development that is resistant to quizalofop, an acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicide that will allow for selective grass weed control in rice. With the commercialization of this technology by 2018, research was conducted to determine the best fit for quizalofop-resistant rice in current production systems. Experiments included evaluation of off-target movement of quizalofop, determination of plant-back risk from quizalofop application, best rate structure of quizalofop, general efficacy on common grass weeds, and tank-mix interactions of quizalofop with common herbicides used in rice. Overall, the risk for off-target movement of quizalofop on Midsouth grass crops is minimal, with injury only observed under conditions that would be rare in the field. Plant-back risk after quizalofop or other ACCase-inhibiting herbicide applications is relatively low, with only grain sorghum and corn showing potential for injury if planted in quick succession after herbicide application. Quizalofop applications in quizalofop-resistant rice are effective for controlling barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, and red rice, with the best results from sequential applications of quizalofop at 120 g ai ha-1. A screening of barnyardgrass accessions from across the state of Arkansas proved quizalofop to be an effective graminicides, controlling all accessions evaluated. Tank-mix research for quizalofop and common rice herbicides prove that caution needs to be taken when tank-mixing quizalofop, especially with acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides and auxinic herbicides due to the risk of antagonism. Overall, this research supports that quizalofop-resistant rice can be an effective tool for Arkansas rice producers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 1216
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Book Description
Author: Rafael de Prado
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792345817
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
In recent decades, repeated use of herbicides in the same field has imposed selection for resistance in species that were formerly susceptible. On the other hand, considerable research in the private and public sectors has been directed towards introducing herbicide tolerance into susceptible crop species. The evolution of herbicide resistance, understanding its mechanisms, characterisation of resistant weed biotypes, development of herbicide-tolerant crops and management of resistant weeds are described throughout the 36 chapters of this book. It has been written by leading researchers based on the contributions made at the International Symposium on Weed and Crop Resistance to Herbicides held at Córdoba, Spain. This book will be a good reference source for research scientists and advanced students.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 780
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Book Description
Author: M. Olofsdotter
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN: 9712201015
Category : Allelopathy
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
Allelopathy in rice; Allelopathic activity in rice for controlling major aquatic weeds; Weed management using allelopathic rice varieties in Egypt; Rice allelopathy research in Korea; Using and improving laboratory bioassays in rice allelopathy research; Incorporating the allelopathy trait in upland rice breeding programs; What are allelochemicals?; Searching for allelochemicals in rice that control ducksalad; Adaptive autointoxication mechanisms in rice; Allelopathic strategies for weed management in the rice-wheat rotation in northwestern India; Allelopathic effect of Lantana camara on rice and associated weeds under the midhill conditions of Himachal Pradesh, India; Potential of allelopathy for weed management in wet-seede rice cultivation in Sri Lanka; Allelopathic effects of gooseweed extracts on growth of weed seedlings.
Author: Edward E. Gbur
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780891181835
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
Generalized Linear Mixed Models in the Agricultural and Natural Resources Sciences provides readers with an understanding and appreciation for the design and analysis of mixed models for non-normally distributed data. It is the only publication of its kind directed specifically toward the agricultural and natural resources sciences audience. Readers will especially benefit from the numerous worked examples based on actual experimental data and the discussion of pitfalls associated with incorrect analyses.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309170176
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
Transgenic crops offer the promise of increased agricultural productivity and better quality foods. But they also raise the specter of harmful environmental effects. In this new book, a panel of experts examines: • Similarities and differences between crops developed by conventional and transgenic methods • Potential for commercialized transgenic crops to change both agricultural and nonagricultural landscapes • How well the U.S. government is regulating transgenic crops to avoid any negative effects. Environmental Effects of Transgenic Plants provides a wealth of information about transgenic processes, previous experience with the introduction of novel crops, principles of risk assessment and management, the science behind current regulatory schemes, issues in monitoring transgenic products already on the market, and more. The book discusses public involvementâ€"and public confidenceâ€"in biotechnology regulation. And it looks to the future, exploring the potential of genetic engineering and the prospects for environmental effects.
Author: United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : DDT (Insecticide)
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
