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Author: Raphael Nyayieka
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783848426966
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
This book is a comparative study of the evaluated biodiesel derived from waste vegetable oil and fossil diesel fuel in the running of diesel engine. The main objective of the research project was to add value to waste vegetable oil by converting to biodiesel for use as diesel fuel supplement and help reduce the cost of petroleum based fuel which is fast depleting. Biodiesel fuel was evaluated on the short-term performance of the selected diesel engine. The operating conditions for the modified reactor were 60L vegetable oil, 10L methanol at a temperature of 65-68 degrees centigrade. The time of reaction was 3hours. The catalyst used was 250g anhydrous Sodium hydroxide. The diesel engine operating combustion conditions were obtained at engine speed rating of 1750 rpm for both fossil diesel and waste vegetable oil derived biodiesel. The average fuel consumption was 0.3396 kg/KWh for fossil diesel fuel and 0.3804 kg/KWh for biodiesel respectively. There was no significant difference in the variation of fuel consumption and thermal efficiency for both fossil and biodiesel fuels.
Author: Raphael Nyayieka
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783848426966
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
This book is a comparative study of the evaluated biodiesel derived from waste vegetable oil and fossil diesel fuel in the running of diesel engine. The main objective of the research project was to add value to waste vegetable oil by converting to biodiesel for use as diesel fuel supplement and help reduce the cost of petroleum based fuel which is fast depleting. Biodiesel fuel was evaluated on the short-term performance of the selected diesel engine. The operating conditions for the modified reactor were 60L vegetable oil, 10L methanol at a temperature of 65-68 degrees centigrade. The time of reaction was 3hours. The catalyst used was 250g anhydrous Sodium hydroxide. The diesel engine operating combustion conditions were obtained at engine speed rating of 1750 rpm for both fossil diesel and waste vegetable oil derived biodiesel. The average fuel consumption was 0.3396 kg/KWh for fossil diesel fuel and 0.3804 kg/KWh for biodiesel respectively. There was no significant difference in the variation of fuel consumption and thermal efficiency for both fossil and biodiesel fuels.
Author: Gerhard Knothe
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0983507260
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 516
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Book Description
The second edition of this invaluable handbook covers converting vegetable oils, animal fats, and used oils into biodiesel fuel. The Biodiesel Handbook delivers solutions to issues associated with biodiesel feedstocks, production issues, quality control, viscosity, stability, applications, emissions, and other environmental impacts, as well as the status of the biodiesel industry worldwide. - Incorporates the major research and other developments in the world of biodiesel in a comprehensive and practical format - Includes reference materials and tables on biodiesel standards, unit conversions, and technical details in four appendices - Presents details on other uses of biodiesel and other alternative diesel fuels from oils and fats
Author: R Luque
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857095862
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
Biodiesel is one of the main biofuels capable of substituting fossil fuel usage in compression ignition vehicles, and is used in a variety of fuel blends worldwide. First-generation biodiesel has been used in national markets for some time, with fuel quality standards in place for this purpose. There remain, however, several restrictions to sustainable and long term market development, which is influenced by many factors, including food vs. fuel pressures. The development of new generations of biodiesel, aimed at more sustainable and effective feedstock utilisation alongside improved production efficiency and fuel quality, is critical to the future both of this industry and of the continuing use of biodiesel fuels in transportation.This book provides a timely reference on the advances in the development of biodiesel fuels, production processes and technologies. Part one reviews the life cycle sustainability assessment and socio-economic and environmental policy issues associated with advanced biodiesel production, as well as feedstocks and fuel quality standards. This coverage is extended in Part two, with chapters focussing on the development of methods and catalysts essential to the improvement and optimisation of biodiesel production processes and technologies.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Advances in biodiesel production a standard reference for chemical, biochemical and industrial process engineers, as well as scientists and researchers in this important field. - Provides a timely reference on the advances in the development of biodiesel fuels, production processes and technologies - Reviews the life cycle sustainability assessment and socio-economic and environmental policy issues associated with advanced biodiesel production, as well as feedstocks and fuel quality standards - Discusses the development of methods and catalysts essential to the improvement and optimisation of biodiesel production processes and technologies
Author: Kendall Robert Ernst
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
With its multiple dining halls, close proximity to restaurants, and diesel vehicle fleet, the University of Texas at Austin (UT) has both the supply of raw materials to implement a waste vegetable oil to biodiesel recycling program and the capacity to use it. At face value, implementing a large-scale recycling program provides a source of cheap, low emissions fuel. However, the feasibility of such a program is contingent on its economic cost and environmental impact relative to alternative fuel sources. Thus, this research estimated the greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories and the unit cost associated with 1 megajoule worth of recycled biodiesel derived from three production processes -Alkali Catalyzed, Acid Catalyzed, and Supercritical Methanol-using environmental life cycle assessment and life cycle costing. These GHG inventories and unit costs were then compared to the conventional diesel and oilseed biodiesel sources that make up UT's current fuel portfolio. This analysis suggested that implementing a recycling program using a Supercritical Methanol biodiesel conversion process would have the lowest combined GHG impact and unit cost, although as an emerging technology, it poses a high investment risk. In general, these findings are encouraging to the success and impact of a large-scale recycling program.
Author: Meisam Tabatabaei
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030009858
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
This book presents in-depth information on the state of the art of global biodiesel production and investigates its impact on climate change. Subsequently, it comprehensively discusses biodiesel production in terms of production systems (reactor technologies) as well as biodiesel purification and upgrading technologies. Moreover, the book reviews essential parameters in biodiesel production systems as well as major principles of operation, process control, and trouble-shooting in these systems. Conventional and emerging applications of biodiesel by-products with a view to further economize biodiesel production are also scrutinized. Separate chapters are dedicated to economic risk analysis and critical comparison of biodiesel production systems as well as techno-economical aspects of biodiesel plants. The book also thoroughly investigates the important aspects of biodiesel production and combustion by taking advantage of advanced sustainability analysis tools including life cycle assessment (LCA) and exergy techniques. In closing, the application of Omics technologies in biodiesel production is presented and discussed. This book is relevant to anyone with an interest in renewable, more sustainable fuel and energy solutions.
Author: Ashok Pandey
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123850991
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 642
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Book Description
"Biofuels" provides state-of-the-art information on the status of biofuel production and related aspects. It includes a detailed overview of the alternative energy field and the role of biofuels as new energy sources, and gives a detailed account of the production of biodiesel from non-conventional bio-feedstocks such as algae and vegetable oils.
Author: J. S. Birrell
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780642867728
Category : Diesel fuels
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
Author: Ayhan Demirbas
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1846289955
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Biodiesel: A Realistic Fuel Alternative for Diesel Engines describes the production and characterization of biodiesel. The book also presents current experimental research work in the field, including techniques to reduce biodiesel’s high viscosity. Researchers in renewable energy, as well as fuel engineers, will discover a myriad of new ideas and promising possibilities.
Author: Rachaneewan Charoenwat
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biodiesel fuels
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Biodiesel, Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME), is a renewable fuel that is a promising alternative to fossil fuels in the future. Biodiesel not only has similar properties to diesel derived from fossil fuel, but it also provides more environmentally friendly due to lower carbon monoxide and sulfur emissions. Biodiesel is composed of methyl esters which can be synthesized from various fatty acid sources with a present of catalyst. Typical feed-stocks include vegetable oils, such as waste cooking oil, animal fats, and even oil from algae. Four primary ways to use vegetable oil as a fuel are direct use, blending with diesel via a co-solvent, using oil produced by thermo cracking (pyrolysis), and using methyl esters made by transesterification/esterification. The transesterification process is the most frequently used methods for making biodiesel because it gives the fuel that has similar or better properties as diesel fuel. However, most biodiesel is still produced using batch reactor technology that is decades old. Improvements in biodiesel quality and economics can be achieved by employing alternate reactor technology for biodiesel synthesis that can reduce reactor size and energy consumption. Recently, microreactor technology, an important method of process intensification, was widely used to apply in biodiesel to reduce the residence time. In addition, the biodiesel producers typically employs as catalyst to speed the transesterification reaction. The catalysts are usually homogeneous bases but strong acids can work as well. In this work, the use of capillary reactor technology for the intensification of transesterification was studied. Both homogeneous alkaline and heterogeneous acid catalysis were investigated. Reactions were conducted experimentally in stirred batch and continuous flow capillary reactors. To confirm the intensification process, the titanium micro-reactor was also presented to verify the rapid mass transfer in microscale. Moreover, the batch reactor and capillary reactor are compared to show the effectiveness of biodiesel production in capillary reactor. The results show that, from the homogeneous alkali-catalyst, conversion of vegetable oil greater than 98% could be achieved for significantly lower residence times and energy input compared to the stirred batch reactor case. This enhanced performance was due to the intensification of mass and heat transfer enabled by the use of the capillary reactor. In order to reduce the purifying process, the experiment is investigated the use of a heterogeneous acid catalyst for the transesterification reaction in a capillary reactor. The catalyst will be immobilized in the reactor as a packed bed of micro-particles. The results indicated that high surface area of packed bed reactor gave the 84% oil conversion with a significant reducing in residence time for 1 h. Because of the micro-particles, there was to high pressure drop in the reactor during the experiment. A mathematical model for the multiphase flow in a capillary including transesterification reaction kinetics was developed. The model was solved approximately using a time accurate finite element-based computer code. The predictions made by the model follow the same trends observed in the experiments.
Author: Biodiesel Production Technologies Challenges and Future Prospects Task Committee
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780784415344
Category : Biodiesel fuels
Languages : en
Pages : 848
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Book Description
Biodiesel Production: Technologies, Challenges, and Future Prospects provides in-depth information on fundamentals, approaches, technologies, source materials and associated socio-economic and political impacts of biodiesel production.
